Common Rail Diesel, Inovasi Jenius Yang Bikin Mesin Diesel Semakin Irit

Summary

In this video, the host explains the common rail fuel system in diesel engines, highlighting its components, such as sensors, ECUs, and actuators. The common rail system electronically controls fuel distribution for efficient combustion, offering advantages like better fuel efficiency and lower emissions. The system's key components include low-pressure and high-pressure pumps, fuel injectors, and various sensors that manage fuel timing and pressure. However, it requires high-quality fuel to avoid engine damage. The video provides an in-depth understanding of how modern diesel engines operate with this advanced fuel injection technology.

Takeaways

• 😀 The common rail system in diesel engines electronically controls the fuel distribution to the combustion chamber.
• 😀 Unlike gasoline engines with EFI systems, diesel engines use the common rail system for more efficient fuel injection.
• 😀 The common rail system consists of three main components: sensors, ECU (Electronic Control Unit), and actuators.
• 😀 Sensors in the system collect data on various factors, including air intake, throttle position, pressure, temperature, and engine RPM.
• 😀 The ECU processes data from the sensors to determine the precise fuel injection timing and quantity.
• 😀 Common rail uses both a low-pressure fuel pump (located in the tank) and a high-pressure fuel pump to deliver fuel at extremely high pressures, up to 2000 bar.
• 😀 High-pressure pumps are mechanically driven, linked to the engine, and begin working automatically when the engine starts.
• 😀 During engine startup, the low-pressure pump helps to prime the high-pressure pump and prevent air from entering the fuel system.
• 😀 The fuel injectors are controlled by the ECU, which adjusts the timing and pressure of fuel injection for optimal combustion efficiency.
• 😀 A pressure control valve regulates fuel rail pressure by redirecting excess fuel back to the tank during low-load conditions, preventing overpressure.
• 😀 The efficiency and environmental benefits of the common rail system come from its real-time control, allowing for precise fuel delivery based on engine demand.

Q & A

What is the main function of a common rail system in a diesel engine?

The common rail system is responsible for regulating the distribution of fuel (diesel) into the combustion chamber of the engine in an electronic manner, unlike traditional systems.

How does the common rail system differ from traditional diesel engine systems?

Unlike conventional systems, the common rail system uses an electronic control unit (ECU) to inject fuel at precise times and pressures, offering more control and efficiency compared to older systems.

What are the key components of a common rail system?

The key components include sensors, ECU (Electronic Control Unit), and actuators like fuel pumps and injectors.

What types of sensors are used in a common rail system and what do they measure?

Common rail systems use several sensors, including the Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor (measuring air volume), Throttle Position Sensor (measuring throttle opening), Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (measuring intake manifold pressure), and Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor (measuring fuel injection pressure).

How does the ECU contribute to the operation of the common rail system?

The ECU processes data from the sensors and sends signals to actuators like the fuel pump and injectors to control fuel injection pressure, timing, and duration for optimal engine performance.

What is the purpose of the low-pressure fuel pump in the common rail system?

The low-pressure fuel pump is responsible for transferring fuel from the tank to the high-pressure pump, ensuring that fuel flows efficiently to the injection system.

Why is high-pressure fuel required in diesel engines, and how is it generated?

High-pressure fuel is required in diesel engines to ensure proper fuel atomization for combustion. The high-pressure pump generates fuel pressure up to 2000 bar to achieve this.

What happens during the start-up process of the common rail system?

When the key is turned on, the low-pressure pump operates briefly to prime the high-pressure pump. The high-pressure pump then increases the fuel pressure, and sensors send data to the ECU, which controls the fuel injectors to start the engine.

What role does the fuel rail pressure sensor play in the system?

The fuel rail pressure sensor monitors the pressure of the fuel inside the common rail in real time, allowing the ECU to adjust injector timing and fuel volume accordingly.

What is the function of the pressure valve control in the high-pressure pump?

The pressure valve control regulates excess fuel pressure by returning some fuel to the tank during deceleration to avoid excessive fuel pressure in the rail when engine demand is low.