BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) - MIKROTIK TUTORIAL [ENG SUB]

Summary

In this video tutorial, the process of configuring BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) to manage routing between ISPs and local exchanges like IIX and OpenIXP is explained. The tutorial showcases how to set up BGP-Peer with Citraweb to receive IP address updates from local exchanges, ensuring faster access to local servers. By using two ISPs, one for international traffic and another for local IIX access, the tutorial demonstrates how to optimize traffic routing and bandwidth management. The configuration involves setting up static routes, applying route filters, and testing the network setup with Traceroute to ensure efficient routing.

Takeaways

• 😀 BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a dynamic routing technique used to share public IP addresses between ISPs, improving internet connectivity and speed.
• 😀 BGP allows ISPs to create Internet Exchanges, which improve local access speeds and reduce reliance on international routes.
• 😀 Internet Exchanges (e.g., IIX and OpenIXP) help increase speed for local server access, such as accessing Indonesian websites more efficiently.
• 😀 ISPs can offer different speed services for local and international traffic, with local exchanges providing faster connections than international routes.
• 😀 Citraweb offers a free BGP-Peer service for those who have made a purchase of at least Rp. 2,000,000 in the last 6 months.
• 😀 The script demonstrates a simple BGP configuration using two ISPs (ISP A and ISP B), where ISP B is prioritized for local Internet Exchange (IIX) traffic.
• 😀 BGP requires an AS number and a public IP address to create peer connections with routers, and Citraweb's BGP-Peer service facilitates this.
• 😀 Static routes are set up in the router to manage traffic flow between ISP A, ISP B, and the Citraweb BGP-Peer router for more efficient routing.
• 😀 Route filters are created to manage the prefix ranges and ensure that IP address updates occur efficiently without frequent changes.
• 😀 The BGP configuration allows for bandwidth management and routing decisions based on the type of traffic (local IIX vs. international access), helping optimize the use of two ISPs for better performance.

Q & A

What is BGP and why is it used in this setup?

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a dynamic routing technique used to share public IP address information between different ISPs. It allows for efficient routing between ISPs and facilitates access to services like OpenIXP, which helps route local traffic more efficiently within a country or region.

What is the purpose of using OpenIXP and IIX in Indonesia?

OpenIXP and IIX are Internet Exchange Points in Indonesia designed to improve local internet access speed. By routing local traffic through these exchanges, access to Indonesian-based servers is faster compared to routing traffic internationally.

How do two ISPs play a role in this BGP configuration?

In this BGP configuration, two ISPs are used: ISP A, which provides faster international speeds, and ISP B, which offers faster local access to OpenIXP. Traffic to local content (e.g., Indonesian websites) is routed through ISP B, while international traffic is routed through ISP A.

What is the significance of setting up a BGP peer with Citraweb?

Setting up a BGP peer with Citraweb allows the MikroTik router to receive and exchange routing information with the Citraweb BGP router. This helps the router to obtain up-to-date IP address information from OpenIXP and efficiently route local traffic through ISP B.

What is the role of BGP filters in this configuration?

BGP filters are used to manage the prefixes the router accepts and advertises. In this case, filters ensure that only certain IP address ranges (prefixes /8 to /24) are accepted, while preventing the router from advertising its own IP addresses out to other networks.

Why is the TTL parameter set to 255 in the BGP peer configuration?

The TTL (Time to Live) parameter is set to 255 to ensure that the BGP packet can pass through multiple hops before reaching the BGP peer. This setting is necessary because the router’s connection to Citraweb’s BGP router passes through several intermediary devices.

What is the purpose of using the 'Set In Nexthop' parameter in BGP configuration?

The 'Set In Nexthop' parameter ensures that traffic destined for the OpenIXP network is routed through the correct gateway (ISP B's gateway) instead of ISP A. This helps to direct local traffic more efficiently.

What does the 'Establised' status in the BGP status tab indicate?

'Established' indicates that the BGP peer connection has been successfully established and that the router is actively receiving and exchanging routing information with the peer, including local prefixes from OpenIXP.

How does Traceroute help in verifying the routing configuration?

Traceroute is used to trace the path that packets take from the source to the destination. It helps verify if local traffic is being routed through ISP B (to OpenIXP) and if international traffic is being routed through ISP A as intended.

What are the benefits of using BGP over other methods like NICE Address List or Scripting?

BGP provides faster updates for routing changes compared to NICE Address List or scripting methods. With BGP, the routing information is automatically updated, while the Address List requires manual updates or scheduled scripts, making BGP a more efficient and scalable solution for dynamic routing.