Kuliah Sosiolinguistik | Interferensi dan Integrasi

Summary

In this video, the speaker delves into the sociolinguistic concepts of interference and integration. They explain how bilingual individuals experience language interference, where one language influences another, leading to changes in pronunciation, morphology, syntax, and vocabulary. The video explores four types of interference: phonological, morphological, syntactic, and lexical, and discusses both the positive and negative views of these language shifts. Finally, the concept of integration is introduced, where foreign elements eventually become an accepted part of the language, transforming perceived errors into natural components of the language's evolution.

Takeaways

• 😀 Interference (interferensi) occurs when one language influences another in a bilingual community, affecting language use in various ways.
• 😀 Interference can be phonological (e.g., pronunciation changes), morphological (e.g., incorrect use of affixes), syntactical (e.g., sentence structure mistakes), or lexical (e.g., borrowing words from another language).
• 😀 Bilingual and multilingual communities are common worldwide, with many people speaking two or more languages, which increases the likelihood of interference.
• 😀 Interference is a natural phenomenon in societies where multiple languages are spoken, but its impact can be both positive and negative.
• 😀 Positive views of interference suggest that it enriches a language by introducing new words and structures, expanding its vocabulary.
• 😀 Negative views see interference as a 'language confusion,' where mixing languages is seen as improper or a dilution of linguistic purity.
• 😀 Examples of interference include changes in pronunciation, like the influence of Javanese on Indonesian pronunciation or the use of Indonesian words in Javanese sentences.
• 😀 Interference can also occur in morphology, such as using affixes from one language in another, leading to errors in word formation.
• 😀 Lexical interference involves incorporating words from one language into another, like using English terms in everyday Indonesian speech.
• 😀 Integration (integrasi) happens when foreign language elements are accepted into a language over time and become seen as a normal part of its vocabulary, no longer viewed as mistakes.
• 😀 The distinction between interference and code-switching is that interference is often perceived as a mistake, whereas code-switching is seen as a normal part of multilingual communication.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video?

The main topic discussed in the video is sociolinguistics, specifically focusing on the concepts of interference and integration in language use.

What is language interference as defined in the video?

Language interference refers to the disruption in language use caused by the influence of one language on another, either from the first language to the second or vice versa, leading to errors or changes in pronunciation, morphology, syntax, or vocabulary.

What are the four types of interference explained in the video?

The four types of interference explained are: phonological interference (affecting pronunciation), morphological interference (affecting word formation), syntactic interference (affecting sentence structure), and lexical interference (affecting vocabulary use).

Can you explain phonological interference with an example?

Phonological interference occurs when the pronunciation of words in one language is influenced by the sounds of another language. For example, a person from Java might pronounce 'Bandung' or 'Bogor' with a nasal sound due to the influence of Javanese.

What is an example of morphological interference given in the video?

An example of morphological interference is when a speaker uses affixes from one language in another language, such as using 'bapak' from Javanese when speaking Indonesian, as in the sentence 'Apakah bapaknya ada di kantor?'

How does syntactic interference manifest in language use?

Syntactic interference occurs when a speaker applies the sentence structure of one language to another. For example, saying 'Yes, Little I can lah' mixes English syntax with Indonesian/Javanese sentence structure.

What is lexical interference, and how is it different from code-switching?

Lexical interference involves inserting words from one language into the speech of another, such as using English words like 'merit' in an Indonesian sentence. It differs from code-switching, which is the practice of alternating between languages in conversation.

What are the potential positive and negative views on language interference?

Language interference can be viewed negatively as it disrupts the purity of a language. However, it can also be seen positively, as it enriches the vocabulary of a language, allowing it to absorb and integrate words from other languages.

How does bilingualism contribute to language interference?

Bilingualism contributes to language interference because when people speak two or more languages, elements of one language can influence how they use another, leading to interference in pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary.

What is the concept of integration in language, and how does it relate to interference?

Integration is the process by which foreign elements or words from other languages, initially seen as interference or errors, become accepted and incorporated into the native language. Over time, these elements become a standard part of the language.