[EDUKASI PP] Pertolongan Pertama pada Patah Tulang - SMA Negeri 5 Yogyakarta #FAIUNSOED2021

Summary

This educational video by PMR Unit 53, SMA Negeri 5 Yogyakarta, presents first aid techniques for handling fractures, a leading cause of injury in Indonesia due to traffic accidents. The video explains fracture types (open and closed), the importance of immobilization, and different splinting methods to prevent further damage. Viewers are educated on the key principles of first aid, including checking vital signs and calling for emergency help. The video concludes with a real-life case scenario demonstrating how to properly assist an injured person, aiming to increase awareness of safe driving and effective first aid practices.

Takeaways

• 😀 Indonesia is the fifth country with the highest traffic accident rates, leading to a significant number of fractures.
• 😀 A fracture occurs when the bone is broken due to an impact or injury, causing changes in shape, pain, swelling, and limited movement.
• 😀 There are two types of fractures: open fractures (where the bone protrudes through the skin) and closed fractures (where the bone stays inside the skin).
• 😀 Immediate first aid for fractures includes proper immobilization of the injured area to avoid further harm and reduce pain.
• 😀 A splint (bidai) is a tool used to stabilize the injured area, with types including traction splints, sling splints, improvisational splints, and hard splints.
• 😀 The main goals of splinting are to immobilize the injury, prevent further damage, reduce pain, and promote healing.
• 😀 Key principles when applying a splint: first, control bleeding if present; second, check circulation, movement, and sensation of the injured limb; third, ensure the splint is the correct size and applied securely.
• 😀 The splint should neither be too tight nor too loose to avoid constriction or lack of support.
• 😀 In an emergency, always assess the situation quickly—if necessary, call for an ambulance and provide clear details about the injury and the patient's condition.
• 😀 Safe driving is crucial to avoid accidents, and knowing how to administer first aid effectively can save lives in the event of an injury.

Q & A

What are the two types of fractures mentioned in the video?

The two types of fractures are open fractures, where the bone is visible through the skin, and closed fractures, where the bone is broken but the skin remains intact.

What is the primary purpose of using a splint in the case of a fracture?

The primary purpose of using a splint is to immobilize the fractured area, prevent further injury, reduce pain, and allow the injured part to rest.

Why is it important to check for bleeding before applying a splint?

It's important to stop any bleeding before applying a splint to prevent further complications such as shock and excessive blood loss.

What should be done if a fracture victim has a wound along with the break?

If the fracture victim has a wound, the first step is to stop the bleeding before proceeding with splinting the injury.

What should you check after immobilizing the fractured area with a splint?

After immobilizing the injury, you should check the victim's circulation, sensation, and movement to ensure that the splint is not too tight and that the limb is not further compromised.

What is the recommended action if you are unsure about the severity of a fracture?

If you're unsure about the severity of the fracture, it's important to contact emergency services immediately and let professionals assess the situation.

In the case of a traffic accident with a suspected fracture, what should you do first?

In the case of a traffic accident, the first thing to do is ensure that the person is safe, stop any bleeding if necessary, and then call for emergency help (119).

What key piece of information should you communicate to emergency responders about the victim?

You should communicate the victim's age, gender, the type of injury (e.g., closed fracture), vital signs (e.g., pulse rate, temperature), and any specific complaints (e.g., pain in the injured limb).

What are some common signs of a fracture that can be observed without medical equipment?

Common signs of a fracture include visible bone deformity, swelling, bruising, pain, and inability to move the affected part.

What is the significance of the vital sign checks (e.g., pulse rate, temperature, respiration) in first aid?

Vital sign checks are crucial to assess the victim's overall condition, including the severity of the injury, whether there is shock, and whether additional medical interventions are necessary.