🧪 COEFICIENTE DE SOLUBILIDADE - APRENDA RÁPIDO!

Summary

In this engaging chemistry lesson, the teacher explains the concept of solubility, particularly the solubility coefficient, and how to interpret it in practical terms. Through a fun and relatable approach, students learn how to classify solutions as unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated. The teacher also demonstrates solving problems using rules of three related to solute, solvent, and solution masses, and emphasizes the impact of temperature on solubility. Viewers are encouraged to vote for the teacher in a competition, with interactive exercises designed to make learning chemistry enjoyable and accessible.

Takeaways

• 😀 The coefficient of solubility refers to the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in 100 g of water at a given temperature.
• 😀 At 20°C, 31 g of potassium chloride (KCl) can dissolve in 100 g of water.
• 😀 Solutions can be classified as unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated depending on the amount of solute relative to the solubility limit.
• 😀 An unsaturated solution occurs when the solute amount is less than the solubility limit.
• 😀 A saturated solution occurs when the solute dissolves exactly up to the solubility limit, and no more can dissolve.
• 😀 If you add more solute than the solubility limit (e.g., 36 g of KCl in 100 g of water), the excess solute will remain undissolved as a precipitate at the bottom of the container.
• 😀 A supersaturated solution can be created by manipulating the temperature, allowing more solute to dissolve than the normal solubility limit.
• 😀 The mass of the solution is the sum of the masses of the solute and the solvent.
• 😀 You can use the solubility coefficient to set up a proportion (rule of three) to calculate the mass of solute or solvent in various scenarios.
• 😀 An example of a rule of three involves calculating the mass of water needed to dissolve a given amount of solute, considering the solubility at a specific temperature.

Q & A

What is the definition of solubility coefficient?

The solubility coefficient refers to the maximum mass of solute that can dissolve in 100g of water at a specific temperature.

What does it mean when a solution is unsaturated?

A solution is considered unsaturated when the amount of solute is below the maximum that can dissolve in the solvent at a given temperature.

How can you classify a saturated solution?

A solution is classified as saturated when the solute has dissolved to its maximum capacity at a given temperature, with no more solute able to dissolve.

What happens when a solution is supersaturated?

A supersaturated solution occurs when temperature manipulation allows the solvent to dissolve more solute than it normally would at a given temperature, exceeding the solubility limit.

What is the mass relationship in a solution?

The mass of a solution is the sum of the mass of the solute and the mass of the solvent that dissolves the solute.

How does temperature affect solubility in general?

In general, increasing the temperature increases the solubility of most solutes in solvents, as seen with the solubility curve in the script.

What does the solubility graph represent?

The solubility graph shows how the solubility of a solute changes with temperature. The higher the temperature, the more solute can dissolve in the solvent.

What is the solubility of KCl in water at 20°C?

At 20°C, the solubility of potassium chloride (KCl) in water is 31g per 100g of water.

How do you solve for the mass of water required to dissolve a certain amount of solute?

To calculate the mass of water needed to dissolve a specific amount of solute, use a rule of three, based on the solubility coefficient at the given temperature.

How would you calculate the mass of water needed to dissolve 120g of a solute at 40°C?

To dissolve 120g of solute at 40°C, where the solubility is 40g per 100g of water, you would set up a proportion and solve for the mass of water. The result is 300g of water.