D-III AKUNTANSI MK_PENGANGGARAN BISNIS Pertemuan 1 (Konsep Anggaran Perusahaan)

Summary

This video lecture introduces the concept of company budgeting, outlining its definitions, functions, types, and stages. The speaker discusses budgeting as a planning and control tool, emphasizing its role in guiding financial decisions and resource allocation. Key characteristics of budgeting include being expressed in monetary terms, involving management commitment, and requiring approval and periodic evaluation. Various budgeting systems such as traditional, performance-based, and zero-based budgeting are covered. The lecture concludes by highlighting the importance of budgeting in achieving organizational goals and adapting to changing circumstances.

Takeaways

• 😀 Budgeting is a written plan that quantifies an organization's activities, typically expressed in monetary terms for a set period.
• 😀 The budgeting process involves preparation, data collection, task division, implementation, and control to ensure effectiveness.
• 😀 A budget is characterized by being expressed in monetary terms, covering a period (usually one year), and reflecting management's commitment to goals.
• 😀 Approval from authorized personnel is crucial for a budget, and changes may be made if urgent circumstances arise.
• 😀 Budgeting serves key functions within management, including planning, organizing, actuating (action), and controlling resources and activities.
• 😀 The importance of budgeting lies in providing guidance in uncertain times, offering alternatives, and ensuring all activities align with the company's objectives.
• 😀 Budgets can be categorized into operational budgets (daily activities) and financial budgets (supporting activities like investments and cash management).
• 😀 A budget can be partial (focused on specific areas) or comprehensive (covering all areas of the organization).
• 😀 Key factors influencing the preparation of a budget include difficulty level, top management participation, fairness, and available resources.
• 😀 The stages of budget preparation involve setting guidelines, preparing the budget, evaluating its implementation, and making necessary adjustments.
• 😀 Different budgeting systems exist, including traditional budgeting, performance-based budgeting, zero-based budgeting, and planning programming and budgeting system (PPBS).

Q & A

What is the definition of budgeting according to Emma Feilin?

Budgeting is the process of preparing a written plan for an organization's activities, usually expressed in monetary terms, for a specific period.

What is the difference between budgeting and an actual budget?

Budgeting refers to the process of planning and preparing the budget, while the budget itself is the result or the plan that is set for a specific time frame.

What are the key characteristics of a budget?

A budget is expressed in monetary terms, covers a specific time period (typically one year), includes management commitment, is approved by authorized officials, may be adjusted if needed, and involves evaluation and accountability.

Why is it important for a budget to be expressed in monetary terms?

Expressing a budget in monetary terms makes it easier to understand, measure, and track the financial aspects of the organization's activities.

What is the role of management in the budgeting process?

Management is responsible for creating and implementing the budget, ensuring that it aligns with organizational goals, and making necessary adjustments when conditions change.

What are the two main functions of a budget?

A budget serves as a tool for planning, providing direction towards organizational goals, and as a tool for control, ensuring that performance aligns with the planned objectives.

What are some of the types of budgets mentioned in the transcript?

The types of budgets mentioned include operational budgets, financial budgets, investment budgets, and cash flow budgets.

What is zero-based budgeting?

Zero-based budgeting starts from zero each year, with no carryover from previous budgets, and every cost must be justified from scratch.

How does top management contribute to the budgeting process?

Top management ensures that the budget is created correctly, monitors its implementation, and prevents any mismanagement or discrepancies.

What are the stages involved in the preparation of a budget?

The stages include setting guidelines for the budget, preparing the budget by departments, getting approval from top management, and implementing the budget while monitoring performance.