Tradisi Perang Tipat Bantal di Desa Kapal | RAGAM TRADISI & BUDAYA

Summary

This video explores the traditional 'Perang Tipat Bantal' ceremony in Desa Adat Kapal, Bandung, Bali. Rooted in historical and religious significance, the tradition began as a ritual to honor Betara Siwe and seek blessings for agricultural prosperity. The event includes a symbolic 'battle' using tipat (rice cakes) and bantal (pillows) between two groups, representing the union of puruse and perdana. The tradition emphasizes values such as community cooperation, religious faith, and social responsibility. Passed down through generations, it is a vital cultural heritage, bringing the community together for a shared cause every year.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Tipat Bantal War is a traditional ritual held annually in Desa Adat Kapal, located in the Mengwi sub-district of Badung, Bali.
• 😀 The tradition is rooted in the history of the arrival of Patih Ki Kebo Iwo, who was tasked with renovating a temple and praying for prosperity during a period of famine in the village.
• 😀 The tradition is performed to seek blessings from the gods, specifically with offerings of Tipat (rice cakes) and Bantal (pillows), symbolizing prosperity and survival.
• 😀 Tipat Bantal War is conducted through a ritual that involves offering prayers, performing dances, and using Tipat and Bantal as symbolic weapons during the event.
• 😀 The war itself is not literal combat, but a symbolic gesture that represents the unity of two opposing forces, Purusa (masculine) and Pradana (feminine), with the aim of generating positive energy for the community.
• 😀 The participants are divided into two groups—one from the north (men) and the other from the south (women)—and they throw Tipat and Bantal in a ceremonial battle.
• 😀 The tradition starts with a community meeting, known as Paruman, where village leaders discuss preparations and roles for the ritual.
• 😀 After the ritual, the community cleans up the remnants of the Tipat and Bantal, which are then shared among the Subak (farming groups) to be used as fertilizer, symbolizing the renewal of life and prosperity.
• 😀 The tradition is rich in religious, social, and cultural values such as faith in God, mutual cooperation (gotong royong), democracy, tolerance, responsibility, and social awareness.
• 😀 Despite not being directly codified in village laws (Awig-Awig), the tradition is deeply ingrained in the community and is considered a legacy from ancestors, passed down through generations.
• 😀 The Tipat Bantal War remains an annual event held on the full moon of the eighth Balinese lunar month (Purnama Kapat), continuing as a significant cultural practice in Desa Adat Kapal.

Q & A

What is the significance of the 'Perang Tipat Bantal' tradition in Desa Kapal?

The 'Perang Tipat Bantal' tradition in Desa Kapal is a deeply rooted cultural practice meant to express gratitude and seek divine blessings for prosperity, particularly in times of hardship. It involves symbolic warfare using 'tipat' (rice cakes) and 'bantal' (pillows), representing the balance between spiritual forces, with the aim to bring positive energy and well-being to the community.

What historical event led to the creation of the 'Perang Tipat Bantal' tradition?

The tradition originated from a historical event when Patih Ki Kebo Iwo, sent by the Balinese king, visited Desa Kapal to renovate a temple. During his journey, the villagers faced a severe famine. To overcome this, Ki Kebo Iwo prayed and received guidance to perform a ritual using 'tipat' and 'bantal' to appease the gods and restore prosperity to the village.

How does the 'Perang Tipat Bantal' ceremony take place?

The ceremony begins with a community meeting ('paruman') where preparations are discussed. Following that, offerings ('sodan') containing 'tipat' and 'bantal' are brought to designated places by the villagers. A group prayer is conducted, and then the symbolic 'war' occurs, where participants throw 'tipat' and 'bantal' in a ritualistic manner, symbolizing the meeting of opposing forces for a positive outcome.

What is the symbolic meaning of 'tipat' and 'bantal' in the tradition?

'Tipat' symbolizes the earth and fertility (perdana), while 'bantal' represents the divine (purusa). The ritual of throwing these items symbolizes the balance between these forces, which is believed to generate positive energy for the prosperity and harmony of the community.

What are the stages of the 'Perang Tipat Bantal' ritual?

The ritual consists of three main stages: preparation, the core ceremony, and the final stage. In the preparation stage, the community organizes the event through discussions. In the core stage, prayers and offerings are made to the gods. The final stage involves cleaning up the remnants of the ritual, which are then used as fertilizer for the fields, symbolizing a return to prosperity.

How does the community participate in the tradition?

The entire community of Desa Kapal participates in the tradition. Villagers contribute by making 'tipat' and 'bantal', bringing them to the ceremony, and taking part in the symbolic battle. There is a strong sense of cooperation, as the event is seen as a collective effort to ensure the well-being of everyone in the village.

What values are conveyed through the 'Perang Tipat Bantal' tradition?

The tradition conveys several important values including religiosity, mutual cooperation (gotong royong), democracy, tolerance, responsibility, and social care. These values are evident in the communal preparation, decision-making processes, and shared efforts during the ritual.

How does the tradition relate to the concept of 'gotong royong'?

The concept of 'gotong royong' or mutual cooperation is central to the 'Perang Tipat Bantal' tradition. Villagers work together to prepare offerings, participate in the rituals, and maintain unity throughout the event. This collaborative spirit fosters a sense of community and ensures the tradition's success.

What role does the 'Paruman' (community meeting) play in the tradition?

The 'Paruman' is a crucial part of the preparation phase where community leaders and representatives discuss the necessary steps for the event. This ensures that every aspect of the tradition is well-organized and aligns with the community's goals and expectations.

How is the 'Perang Tipat Bantal' tradition connected to the religious beliefs of the community?

The 'Perang Tipat Bantal' tradition is deeply tied to the community's religious beliefs. The ritual seeks blessings from the gods, particularly the divine figure 'Sang Hyang Widi Wase', to ensure the community’s prosperity and protection. It reinforces the connection between the villagers and their spiritual practices, aiming for divine favor and spiritual renewal.