Sultan Baabullah | Tokoh | Kesultanan Nusantara

Summary

This video script tells the story of Sultan Baabullah of Ternate, who led a successful campaign to expel the Portuguese from the Maluku Islands in 1570. Following the assassination of his father, Sultan Khairun, by the Portuguese, Sultan Baabullah vowed revenge. He launched the soya-soya war, defeating the Portuguese forces and cutting off their control over vital spice trade routes. Despite several battles and sieges, including the famous siege of the São Paulo fort, Baabullah's forces eventually isolated the remaining Portuguese, leading to their surrender. His leadership marked the peak of Ternate's power, lasting until his death in 1583.

Takeaways

• 😀 Sultan Baabullah expelled the Portuguese from Ternate in 1570, avenging his father’s death.
• 😀 The Portuguese assassinated Sultan Khairun, sparking turmoil in Ternate and weakening their control.
• 😀 Ternate was rich in spices, especially cloves, making it a valuable area in the global spice trade.
• 😀 Sultan Khairun was seen as an obstacle to Portuguese ambitions in the spice-rich Maluku islands.
• 😀 The assassination plot against Sultan Khairun failed, leading to disaster for the Portuguese.
• 😀 Sultan Baabullah, Khairun’s son, took over leadership and swore to end Portuguese presence in Ternate.
• 😀 Sultan Baabullah launched the 'soya-soya war' to liberate Ternate from Portuguese control.
• 😀 Portuguese fortresses like Virtulose Santo Lucia, Furres, and Santo Pedro fell to Ternate forces.
• 😀 In 1571, Sultan Baabullah’s fleet destroyed Portuguese forces in Ambon, further weakening Portugal’s control over the Maluku region.
• 😀 Despite a diplomatic request to the Portuguese king, Sultan Baabullah continued his siege, eventually leading to the surrender of the last Portuguese fortress in 1575.

Q & A

What event triggered the conflict in Ternate in 1570?

The conflict in Ternate began after the Portuguese killed Sultan Khairun, which led to unrest and turmoil in Ternate.

Why was Ternate a key area in international spice trade?

Ternate was rich in spices, particularly cloves, which made it an essential hub in the international spice trade during the classical era.

What was the primary commodity that made Ternate valuable to the Portuguese?

The primary commodity was cloves, a highly valuable spice sought by international traders, including the Portuguese.

What role did Sultan Khairun play in the Portuguese expansion efforts?

Sultan Khairun was seen as a major obstacle by the Portuguese in their efforts to dominate the spice trade in the region.

How did the Portuguese respond to Sultan Khairun’s leadership in Ternate?

The Portuguese, fearing the influence of Sultan Khairun, plotted to assassinate him, believing his death would weaken Ternate's resistance.

How did the assassination of Sultan Khairun impact Ternate?

Contrary to Portuguese expectations, the assassination of Sultan Khairun led to further resistance and turmoil, eventually strengthening Ternate's resolve.

Who succeeded Sultan Khairun after his assassination?

After Sultan Khairun’s death, his son, Sultan Baabullah, took over the leadership of Ternate.

What was Sultan Baabullah’s main goal upon assuming power in Ternate?

Sultan Baabullah’s primary goal was to expel the Portuguese from Ternate and restore the sovereignty of the island.

How did Sultan Baabullah approach the military conflict with the Portuguese?

Sultan Baabullah launched the 'war of soya-soya' and besieged Portuguese forts, gradually weakening their hold in the region.

What was the significance of the Siege of Sao Paulo for the Portuguese?

The Siege of Sao Paulo marked the decline of Portuguese power in Ternate. The fort, though heavily defended, eventually fell due to isolation and internal conditions like famine and disease.

What happened to the Portuguese forces after they surrendered at Sao Paulo?

After surrendering, the Portuguese forces were allowed to leave safely, though Sultan Baabullah was unable to capture the assassin of his father, Sultan Khairun.

What was the outcome of Sultan Baabullah’s leadership after the fall of the Portuguese?

Under Sultan Baabullah’s leadership, Ternate reached its peak, maintaining control of the region until his death in 1583.