EFFECTS of Migration 1750-1900 [AP World History] Unit 6 Topic 7 (6.7)

Summary

In this video, Heimler explores the effects of migration during a specific historical period, examining both the home and receiving societies. He highlights how migration affected gender roles, with women often assuming greater responsibilities at home when men left. The video also delves into the cultural impacts on receiving societies, such as Chinese, Indian, Irish, and Italian immigrant enclaves, and the challenges immigrants faced, including discrimination and anti-immigrant laws like the Chinese Exclusion Act. The video offers insights into how migration shaped both the migrants' lives and the societies they integrated into.

Takeaways

• 😀 Migration affects both the home society and the receiving society in distinct ways.
• 😀 When men migrated for work, gender roles in their home society could shift, with women often taking on more responsibilities.
• 😀 In some cases, when men returned, family roles remained unchanged, especially if a male relative replaced them during their absence.
• 😀 Migrants often brought their cultural practices with them, influencing the culture of the receiving society.
• 😀 Chinese migrants formed cultural enclaves in Southeast Asia, the Americas, and elsewhere, contributing to local economies and cultures.
• 😀 Indian migrants played a significant role in the British Empire, especially as indentured laborers in Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Caribbean.
• 😀 The Irish migrants to the United States faced discrimination but left a lasting cultural imprint through their music, dance, and religious practices.
• 😀 Italian immigrants in the U.S. and Argentina influenced language and culture, particularly in Argentina where Italian became part of the Spanish language.
• 😀 Immigrants often faced resentment from local populations, especially when they worked for lower wages, leading to anti-immigrant sentiments.
• 😀 The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 in the U.S. and the White Australia policy reflected the hostility faced by migrants in receiving societies during the late 1800s.

Q & A

What are the two main parties involved in migration?

The two main parties involved in migration are the home society and the receiving society.

How did migration potentially affect gender roles in the home society?

Migration could alter gender roles in the home society, especially when men left to find work, as women often took on larger roles within the family and society. However, if another male family member replaced the migrant, gender roles might remain unchanged.

What happened when men who migrated returned to their home countries?

When men who migrated returned, the gender roles in the family often remained the same, especially if another male family member had temporarily replaced them. However, in some cases, women who had managed the family during the absence of the male member might have gained a stronger voice in the family.

What is a common effect of migration on receiving societies?

A common effect of migration on receiving societies is the introduction and influence of new cultures. Migrants often brought their food, language, and religious practices, and sometimes formed ethnic enclaves that impacted the cultural makeup of the receiving society.

How did Chinese migration impact Southeast Asia and the Americas?

In Southeast Asia, Chinese migrants were often successful in commerce, sometimes holding government positions under colonial powers. In the Americas, Chinese immigrants played a crucial role in labor, especially in the construction of railroads like the Transcontinental Railroad in the United States. They also worked in mining and sugar plantations in Peru and Cuba.

What were the primary roles of Indian migrants in the British Empire?

Indian migrants, often working as indentured servants, contributed significantly to the labor force in various parts of the British Empire. They worked on sugar plantations in Africa and the Caribbean, on railroads in South Africa, and in Southeast Asia. Many also brought their religious practices and cultural norms with them.

What were some cultural impacts of Indian migration?

Indian migrants maintained aspects of their culture, including religious practices like home shrines to personal gods. In Southeast Asia, they played a major role in labor, and some even abandoned the caste system as it was less relevant outside India. Their cultural influence also persisted in their communities in the Caribbean.

What were the experiences of Irish immigrants in the United States?

Irish immigrants, many fleeing the Great Potato Famine, settled in urban areas of the United States, often taking up low-wage factory work and participating in public works projects. They faced anti-immigrant sentiments, but their cultural influence grew through music, dance, and religious practices. Their children assimilated into American society and contributed to labor movements.

How did Italian immigrants influence Argentina?

Italian immigrants, particularly in Argentina, influenced the culture by contributing to the development of Argentine Spanish, which adopted many Italian words. Italian is still spoken as a secondary language in Argentina's capital, and the country's constitution encouraged European immigration, guaranteeing civil rights for the newcomers.

What were the main challenges immigrants faced in receiving societies?

Immigrants often faced a mixed reception in receiving societies, where they were both welcomed for their labor and resented for working for lower wages than native workers. In the United States, for example, the Chinese faced the Chinese Exclusion Act, while in Australia, a similar policy, the White Australia policy, restricted immigration from non-British nationals.