INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF GLOBALIZATION by Manfred Steger | GROUP 1

Summary

This educational presentation delves into the multifaceted concept of globalization, exploring the theories and ideologies proposed by scholars like Manfred Steger, Michael Friedmann, and Arjun Appadurai. Steger's exploration of market, justice, and religious globalisms highlights different global approaches, while Friedmann categorizes ideologies based on sentiment. Appadurai’s ‘scapes’ (ethnoscapes, technoscapes, mediascapes, financescapes, and ideoscapes) illustrate how globalization affects people, technology, media, capital, and ideas. The video provides an insightful analysis of how globalization influences economies, cultures, and societies globally, fostering connections and challenges in the modern world.

Takeaways

• 😀 Globalization is the integration of economies, cultures, traditions, and development across the world, impacting various aspects such as trade and infrastructure.
• 😀 Steger identifies three main ideologies of globalization: Market Globalism, Justice Globalism, and Religious Globalism, each with distinct principles and goals.
• 😀 Market Globalism promotes free trade and minimal government restrictions, with the belief that neoliberalism drives economic progress.
• 😀 Justice Globalism advocates for a global civil society, emphasizing environmental safeguards, participatory democracy, and social justice beyond formal legal procedures.
• 😀 Religious Globalism aims to create a global religious community with authority over secular structures, positioning religion as central to global governance.
• 😀 Four forms of globalization ideologies include Embodied Globalization, Disembodied Globalization, Object Extended Globalization, and Agency/Organization Globalization.
• 😀 Embodied Globalization highlights the interconnectedness of the world through trade and technological advancements.
• 😀 Disembodied Globalization involves intangible exchanges such as ideas, knowledge, and digital resources like software and blockchain.
• 😀 Object Extended Globalization focuses on the movement of goods, commodities, and tangible items across global borders.
• 😀 Agency/Organization Globalization is the movement and exchange of agents or representatives from institutions and organizations, such as those involved in global trade or mass culture.
• 😀 Michael Frieden views globalization as a complex phenomenon affecting sovereignty, national boundaries, and power distribution on a global scale, urging deeper analysis of its political and economic impacts.

Q & A

What is globalization according to Manfred Steger?

Globalization is the integration of people, culture, tradition, economy, and development, as well as the expansion of information technology, infrastructure, trade, and services throughout the world.

What are the three main types of globalisms according to Steger?

Steger identifies three main types of globalisms: Market Globalism, Justice Globalism, and Religious Globalism.

What is Market Globalism?

Market Globalism is associated with free market ideology, where countries engage in free trade without government restrictions, aiming to grow their economies through open markets.

How does Justice Globalism differ from Market Globalism?

Justice Globalism envisions a global civil society with federal relationships and environmental safeguards, advocating for participatory democracy, social justice, and restorative measures, as opposed to the neoliberal approach of Market Globalism.

What is Religious Globalism focused on?

Religious Globalism strives for a global religious community that holds superiority over secular structures, aiming to unite people through shared religious ideologies.

What are the four forms of ideology of globalization identified by Steger?

The four forms of ideology of globalization are Embodied Globalization, Disembodied Globalization, Object Extended Globalization, and Agency or Organization Extended Globalization.

What does Embodied Globalization refer to?

Embodied Globalization refers to the interconnectedness and interdependence of countries due to trade, technology, and social changes that make the world more integrated.

What is Disembodied Globalization?

Disembodied Globalization involves the interrelations formed through intangible exchanges, such as communication of ideas, knowledge, images, and technologies across the globe.

What is Object Extended Globalization and provide an example?

Object Extended Globalization refers to the movement of commodities and objects across the world, such as the widespread use and exchange of cell phones.

What does Arjun Appadurai focus on in his work on globalization?

Arjun Appadurai focuses on the cultural dynamics of globalization and identifies five landscapes that shape global flows: Ethnoscapes, Technoscapes, Mediascapes, Financescapes, and Ideoscapes.