PERSEBARAN FLORA DAN FAUNA DI INDONESIA | ASIATIS | PERALIHAN | AUSTRALIS #biodiversitas

Summary

This video explores the distribution of fauna and flora across Indonesia, focusing on three main ecological regions: the Asiatic, Transition, and Australasian zones. It covers distinct species such as the large mammals in the Asiatic region (elephants, tigers, and orangutans), endemic species in the Transition zone (Anoa and Tarsius), and small mammals and birds in the Australasian zone (kangaroos, cassowaries, and cendrawasis). Additionally, the video delves into Indonesia's plant life, including tropical rainforests, savannahs, and mountain forests, highlighting significant flora like Meranti, Raflesia Arnoldi, and Mangroves. The diverse ecosystems showcase Indonesia’s rich biodiversity.

Takeaways

• 😀 Indonesia's fauna distribution is categorized into three types: Asiatic, transitional, and Australis.
• 😀 The Wallace Line separates the Asiatic fauna from the Australis fauna, extending from the Lombok Strait to the Makassar Strait and beyond.
• 😀 The Weber Line marks the boundary between transitional fauna and Australis fauna, running from the Arafura Sea to the Banda Sea and ending in the Maluku Sea.
• 😀 The Asiatic fauna is found in western Indonesia, including Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, and Bali, featuring large mammals like elephants and tigers.
• 😀 Key examples of Asiatic fauna include the Sumatran elephant, Javan tiger, orangutan, and unique bird species like the Bali starling and hornbill.
• 😀 The transitional fauna is located in the central part of Indonesia, covering regions like Sulawesi and Nusa Tenggara, with unique endemic species.
• 😀 Transitional fauna species are often rare and have distinctive traits, such as limited fur or sparse body hair, e.g., anoa, Komodo dragon, and tarsier.
• 😀 Australis fauna is predominantly found in eastern Indonesia, such as in Halmahera, the Aru Islands, and Papua, resembling Australian fauna.
• 😀 Australis fauna typically includes small mammals, marsupials, and birds with bright feathers, such as kangaroos, cassowaries, and bird-of-paradise.
• 😀 The distribution of flora in Indonesia is divided into three main regions: Sunda land (Asiatic), transitional regions, and Sahul land (Australis).
• 😀 Flora in the Sunda region includes species like meranti, rattan, and Rafflesia arnoldii, found in Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Kalimantan.
• 😀 Transitional flora is found in Sulawesi and Nusa Tenggara, with diverse vegetation, including tropical savannas, mountain forests, and mixed forests in Maluku.
• 😀 The Sahul flora in the Maluku and Papua regions features dense tropical rainforests and evergreen trees like mangrove, Merbau, and pandan.

Q & A

What are the three types of fauna found in Indonesia according to the script?

The three types of fauna in Indonesia are Oriental, Transition, and Australis.

What is the significance of the Wallace Line in relation to fauna distribution?

The Wallace Line is the boundary that separates the Oriental and Australis fauna types. It runs from the Lombok Strait to the Makassar Strait and ends in the Philippines.

What distinguishes the fauna of the Asiatic (Oriental) type?

Fauna of the Asiatic type are characterized by large mammals, such as elephants and tigers, and primates like orangutans. Other examples include the Javan tiger and the Sumatran rhinoceros.

Where is the Asiatic (Oriental) fauna type found in Indonesia?

The Asiatic (Oriental) fauna is found in the western part of Indonesia, including Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, and Bali.

What are the key features of the Transition fauna type?

The Transition fauna type is found in central Indonesia, including areas like Sulawesi and Nusa Tenggara. It is characterized by endemic species, rare animals, and generally less abundant fur on its creatures.

Can you name a few examples of Transition fauna?

Examples of Transition fauna include the anoa, maleo bird, Komodo dragon, and tarsier.

What regions are considered part of the Australis fauna type?

The Australis fauna type is found in the eastern part of Indonesia, including areas like Halmahera, the Aru Islands, and Papua.

What are the characteristics of the Australis fauna?

The Australis fauna type is characterized by small mammals, marsupials, and brightly colored birds. Notable examples include kangaroos, cassowaries, and the bird of paradise.

What are the three major flora regions in Indonesia according to the script?

The three major flora regions in Indonesia are the Sunda land (Asiatic flora), the Transition zone, and the Sahul land (Australis flora).

What types of vegetation are found in the Transition flora zone?

In the Transition flora zone, vegetation types include tropical savannas in Nusa Tenggara, mountain forests in Sulawesi, and mixed forests in Maluku.

What is unique about the Sahul flora zone in Indonesia?

The Sahul flora zone, located in areas like Maluku and Papua, is characterized by tropical rainforests that are dense and evergreen throughout the year. Examples of flora include Merbau and mangrove trees.