Mengenal Sistem Pemerintahan Desa dan Kota | PKN | SayaBisa

Summary

In this Grade 4 Civics lesson, students explore the structure of village and city governments, starting with a fun discussion inspired by a traditional Indonesian children's song. Lula explains how villages, urban villages, and sub-districts are formed, led, and funded. The roles of various leaders such as the village head, urban village head, and sub-district head are discussed, alongside their duties and responsibilities. The lesson also covers how government funds are raised and allocated to ensure proper services for communities. Through playful interaction, the students grasp the complexities of local governance.

Takeaways

• 😀 The village is the lowest level of government in Indonesia, consisting of multiple hamlets or communities (Rukun Warga).
• 😀 The village head (Kepala Desa) is elected by the people and serves for a term of 6 years, assisting in governing the village.
• 😀 Village heads are not civil servants but are paid through the village treasury, with responsibilities supported by village officials and secretaries.
• 😀 Urban villages (Kelurahan) are similar to villages but are located in urban areas. The urban village head (Lurah) is a civil servant appointed by the mayor or regent.
• 😀 Urban village heads are supported by neighborhood and community organizations and receive funding from district budgets, government assistance, and third-party contributions.
• 😀 Sub-districts (Kecamatan) are administrative divisions that combine multiple villages or urban villages and are led by the sub-district head (Camat).
• 😀 The sub-district head is a civil servant, appointed by the regent or mayor, and works alongside local military and police authorities.
• 😀 Districts or cities are made up of several sub-districts and are governed by a regent or mayor, with responsibilities for managing local affairs, such as taxes, public services, and security.
• 😀 The District People's Representative Council (DPRD) oversees the local government, and various other authorities (military, police, courts) ensure order and enforcement of laws.
• 😀 Both village and district/city governments have rights to manage local resources, provide public services, and ensure security, while also bearing obligations to protect citizens and promote justice.

Q & A

What is the smallest unit of government in Indonesia?

The smallest unit of government in Indonesia is the village (Desa), which is made up of several residential areas called Rukun Warga (RW).

How is the village head chosen and how long do they serve?

The village head (Kepala Desa) is elected by the people and serves for 6 years. They are not civil servants and are paid by the village treasury.

What are the requirements to form a village?

To form a village, several requirements must be met: a population of at least 1500 people or 300 families, a defined village area, available village officials, and necessary infrastructure like village offices and roads.

What is the difference between a village and an urban village?

An urban village (Kelurahan) is similar to a village but is located within a city. The urban village head (Lurah) is a civil servant appointed by the mayor or regent, unlike the village head who is elected.

Where do villages and urban villages get their funding?

Villages get their funding from the village income and expenditure budget (APBD) and village-owned enterprises (BUMD). Urban villages get their funding from the district/city budget, central government assistance, and third-party donations.

What is the role of the sub-district head?

The sub-district head (Camat) manages a group of villages or urban villages. They are appointed by the mayor and are paid by the government. The sub-district head cooperates with the military and police to maintain security.

What is the structure of the district or city government?

The district or city government is made up of several sub-districts and includes many roles such as the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD), mayors, police, military commanders, and courts.

What are the rights of the district or city government?

The district or city government has the right to regulate and manage local affairs, elect regional leaders, manage regional assets, collect local taxes, and receive revenue sharing from local resources.

What are the obligations of the district or city government?

The district or city government has the obligation to protect the people, maintain national unity, improve the quality of life, promote democracy, provide basic education services, and offer healthcare facilities.

How are the roles of the village head and urban village head different?

The village head is elected by the people and is responsible for managing the village. The urban village head is appointed by the mayor or regent and serves in city areas, with a larger focus on urban development and public facilities.