W. Edwards Deming - Part 1

Summary

النص يتحدث عن الدكتور ديمينغ وتأثيره الكبير على الإدارة والإنتاجية في اليابان، وكيف كان يعتقد أن النجاح يأتي من خلال تطوير العمليات وتحسينها بحيث لا تؤثر المشاكل على الموظفين. يشير إلى أن النجاح ال耀azing للياباني يأتي من مبادئ أمريكي كان يتجاهل في بلده الأصلية. يصف الدكتور ديمينغ الأهمية العظمى للمعرفة والعمل الجاد والتعاون بين الأفراد في أي نظام. يشير إلى أن النجاح في اليابان يرجع إلى الاعتماد على مبادئ الإدارة الستاتيكية التي يقدمها، والتي أدت إلى تقليل الأخطاء والأخطاء في الإنتاج. يشير النص إلى أن التأثير المباشر للدكتور ديمينغ على اليابان كان قويًا، وأنه كان يؤثر على المديرين اليابانيين وينعكس في تحسين جودة منتجاتهم. يشير النص أيضًا إلى أن التأثير الشخصي للدكتور ديمينغ كان محدودًا في الولايات المتحدة، ولكن في الآونة الأخيرة، تغير هذا الرأي وأصبح يحظى بدعم واسع.

Takeaways

• 📉 美国在世界市场上失去了主导地位，这使得美国感到不安。
• 🚗 美国文化中对日本的态度复杂，存在对日本成功的羡慕和批评。
• 🇯🇵 日本的成功建立在一位美国管理思想家的原则之上，这位思想家在自己的国家却被忽视。
• 🤔 德明博士认为，80-85%的问题不是由人引起的，而是由流程或设备设计引起的。
• 🌟 德明博士在日本产生了深远的影响，他的方法论被视为质量革命。
• 📚 德明博士在Xerox公司的经历表明，他的管理思想与当时的商业教育截然不同。
• 👴 德明博士，尽管年岁已高，但仍然认为美国梦是一种幻觉。
• 📈 德明博士在日本经济重建中发挥了重要作用，他的方法论帮助日本制造业迅速提升质量。
• 📊 德明博士的工作方法基于统计学，他强调通过统计控制减少浪费。
• 💼 德明博士的教导强调了系统内人与人之间的合作，以及每个人在系统中的重要性。
• 🌐 德明博士的理论在全球范围内受到认可，他的影响力超越了日本，影响了美国和欧洲。

Q & A

《美国派》这首歌在文中提到了哪些社会现象？

文中提到了美国在世界市场上失去主导地位，以及美国与日本之间的经济竞争和日本在美国眼中的“老敌人”形象。

文中提到的美国国会议员对日本的态度是怎样的？

文中指出，即使是美国国会议员，也存在对日本的负面态度，即“日本打击”（Japan bashing），这成为了一种新的“武术”。

美国总统在访问日本时遭遇了哪些问题？

美国总统在访问日本时，被描述为处于一种绝望的状态，他试图以半强迫半诱导的方式与成功的日本人交流，这增加了国家的尴尬。

文中提到的W. Edwards Deming是谁，他在日本的成功中扮演了什么角色？

W. Edwards Deming是一位管理学大师，他在日本战后的重建中发挥了重要作用，传授了质量管理的理念，这些理念在日本取得了巨大成功。

Deming的管理理念有哪些核心观点？

Deming的管理理念核心在于认为80%到85%的问题不是由人引起的，而是由流程或设备的设计引起的。他强调了质量革命的重要性，并认为任何管理者都可以实施他的管理方法。

Deming的管理理念在美国本土的接受程度如何？

尽管Deming对日本和后来的美国及欧洲有重大影响，但他在自己的国家并没有得到充分的理解和接受。

Deming在日本的声誉是如何建立的？

Deming在日本的声誉是通过他在日本的多次访问和讲座建立的，他向日本管理层传授了质量管理的理念，并预言了日本质量的全球认可。

Deming的“鱼骨图”是什么，它如何影响系统管理？

Deming的“鱼骨图”是一种管理工具，用于说明任何系统都是其人力部分的总和。它强调了系统中人们必须相互合作，每个人都必须知道自己在系统中的位置和依赖关系。

Deming对于个人在系统中的作用有何看法？

Deming认为个人在系统中的作用至关重要，人们需要感到自己属于系统、感到重要，并且当他们做好工作时，他们会感到积极和满足。

Deming的统计方法在二战中是如何应用的？

在二战中，Deming的统计方法被用来训练管理人员，以更高效地管理生产线，减少原材料的浪费和重工，从而为美国战争努力做出了贡献。

Deming对于知识在工作中的重要性有何看法？

Deming强调了知识在工作中的重要性，他认为没有知识就无法替代，人们应该尽力而为，但同时也需要知识的支持。

Deming的追随者们如何称呼自己，他们通常做些什么？

Deming的追随者们自称为'Deming弟子'，他们每个月支付2000美元参加为期四天的Deming福音讲座，以深化对Deming管理理念的理解。

Outlines

00:00

😀 Dr. Deming's Impact on Japanese and American Management

This paragraph discusses the influence of Dr. W. Edwards Deming, an American management intellectual, on the success of Japanese businesses and his lesser-known impact on his own country. It highlights the irony that despite Deming's significant contributions to Japanese quality management, he was largely ignored in the U.S. until later in his life. The paragraph also touches on Deming's philosophy that most problems are due to processes, not people, and his belief in the importance of knowledge in doing one's best. It mentions his work with the Xerox Corporation and how his teachings differ from traditional business school education. The summary also notes Deming's austere lifestyle and his recognition by international leaders.

05:00

📚 Dr. Deming's Background and Contributions to Statistical Process Control

This paragraph provides a background on Dr. Deming's training as a statistician and his early work with the US Census Bureau. It describes how his statistical methods were applied to improve efficiency and reduce waste during World War II. The paragraph also discusses Deming's adoption of statistical process control principles from another American statistician, Dr. Hart. It then details how Deming's methods were introduced to Japan in the 1950s to help rebuild the country's industry after the war. The summary highlights Deming's emphasis on human cooperation within a system and the importance of each person feeling valued and part of a team. It also mentions his famous fishbone diagram illustrating the interconnectedness of a system's parts.

Keywords

💡American Pie

American Pie is a cultural reference to a song that symbolizes American culture and nostalgia. In the context of the video, it is used to evoke a sense of the past and to contrast with the current state of America's standing in the world.

💡Levee

A levee is a barrier built along low-lying lands to prevent flooding. In the script, it metaphorically represents a situation or problem that is overwhelming or insurmountable, as in 'the levee was dry today,' indicating a difficult situation.

💡Japan

Japan is highlighted in the video as a country that has achieved significant economic success, particularly in the context of its post-WWII reconstruction. The video discusses the influence of American management principles on Japan's rise and the subsequent impact on America's global primacy.

💡Dr. W. Edwards Deming

Dr. W. Edwards Deming was an American management consultant and statistician who is credited with initiating a quality revolution in Japan. His management theories and statistical process control methods are central to the video's theme of how Japan's success was influenced by American principles.

💡Quality Revolution

The term refers to a significant shift in business practices towards quality management and continuous improvement, largely influenced by Dr. Deming's teachings. It is a key concept in the video, illustrating how Japan adopted these principles to achieve industrial success.

💡Process Control

Process control is a term used to describe the management of industrial processes to ensure they operate at their best efficiency and quality. It is a fundamental concept in the video, as it was a key part of Dr. Deming's teachings that influenced Japanese manufacturing practices.

💡Xerox Corporation

Xerox is mentioned in the video as an example of a company that was struggling and where Dr. Deming's principles could have been applied. It serves to illustrate the potential impact of Deming's methods on American businesses.

💡Management Guru

A management guru is an expert in the field of business management whose teachings and principles are widely recognized and followed. Dr. Deming is referred to as the 'original management guru,' emphasizing his seminal influence on management practices.

💡Statistical Process Control

This is a specific quality control method that uses statistical methods to monitor and control a process. It is a crucial part of Dr. Deming's philosophy and is showcased in the video as a method that helped Japan improve its manufacturing quality.

💡American Superiority

The term refers to the perceived dominance of American economic and industrial power, particularly after WWII. However, the video discusses how this perception has been challenged by the rise of Japan and the adoption of American management principles there.

💡International Consultant

An international consultant is a professional who provides expert advice across different countries. Dr. Deming is described as such in the video, highlighting his global influence and the application of his methods beyond America.

Highlights

Miss American Pie's lyrics reflect a sense of nostalgia and a commentary on the American dream.

America's unease with its own self is mirrored in its global standing and the rise of Japan as an economic rival.

Dr. W. Edwards Deming's influence on Japanese management practices was profound, despite being largely ignored in his own country.

Deming's philosophy emphasizes that most problems are process-related, not people-related.

Deming's teachings on quality revolution are considered as significant as the Industrial and Agricultural Revolutions.

Xerox Corporation's troubles were a wake-up call for a shift in management style.

Deming's management principles were starkly different from what was being taught in business schools.

Deming's work in Japan post-WWII was instrumental in rebuilding its economy and quality reputation.

Deming's approach to management was based on rigorous statistical methods to eliminate waste.

His statistical process control principles were influenced by Dr. Hart's work, focusing on what could be measured.

Deming's impact on Japanese manufacturing led to a global recognition of Japanese quality in just four years.

Deming's fish tale diagram illustrates the importance of human cooperation within a system.

Deming's management philosophy is deeply sensitive to the human element and the need for belonging and recognition.

Despite his influence abroad, Deming was not widely recognized or honored in his home country until later in life.

Deming's followers, known as Deming disciples, pay to attend his seminars and are deeply influenced by his teachings.

Deming's approach to management emphasizes knowledge and doing one's best as key to success.

Deming lived a modest life despite his international success and high-paid consulting career.

His early career involved significant contributions to the US Census Bureau and wartime production efficiency.

Transcripts

miss American Pie

oh my chevy to the levee but the levee

was God today America sits uneasily with

myself singing this the dream is misting

over as America loses her primacy in the

world marketplace and the old enemy is

still there still Japan Japan bashing

even for congressmen is the favorite new

martial art last January the President

himself added to the national

embarrassment with a disastrous visit to

Japan the trip had an air of desperation

as the most powerful man in the world

half bullied half cajoled the successful

Japanese the irony is that the

staggering success of the Japanese was

built on the principles of an American a

management intellectual largely ignored

in his own country early in the 80s I

arbitrarily picked up dr. Demmings theme

that whenever you're having a problem 80

85 percent of the time it is not people

it's a process it's the equipment that's

being used it's the design itself that

something people can't do a thing about

I believe that dr. Deming has started a

quality revolution what he taught the

Japanese can be done by any manager

around the world who wants to make the

effort and that his revolution is as

important if not even more important and

certainly as drastic as the Industrial

Revolution or even the agricultural

revolution and he put in two

perspectives the troubles I'd had at the

Xerox Corporation which by that time was

going down the tubes they were in real

bad trouble and I went to the to the

Sloan library and took books off the

shelf to see what were they teaching in

business schools and it came as a shock

that what Deming was saying was a

hundred and eighty degrees different

than what they were saying it was

different after the war for a decade

bigger showed that we were doing well we

were not we were doing miserably had it

caught up with us

style of management caught up I can't

get by with it dr. W Edwards Deming 91

years of age has long believed the

American Dream was a mirage as the men

the Americans sent to reconstruct the

Japanese economy after the war he is the

original management guru his seminars at

quasi-religious he still hold young

American managers in thrall throughout

four days of the Deming gospel hall yet

despite his seminal influence on Japan

and latterly on America and Europe it

still rankles that his own countrymen

have never really understood people are

doing your best

that's our dong hole do your best

without knowledge putting in hard work

without knowledge there's no substitute

for knowledge

a prophet is not without honour save in

his own country and in his own house

that was the biblical fate of dr. W

Edwards Deming until a few years ago now

the Testament sells in thousands his

supporters call themselves Deming

disciples and most months 500 of them

paid $2,000 each to hear the word all

right it's typical of this highly paid

international consultant that he should

choose to live austerely in a quiet

Washington suburb his basement office

the way Hollywood designers would have

drawn it in the 1930s is presided over

by his secretary of nearly 40 years

Cecelia Killian people that want to see

you oh yes Admiral Kirkpatrick I'm 15

February what he is trying to do is to

have President Bush mention you in the

State of the Union message at the end of

January President Bush wouldn't be the

first the study is cluttered with

accolades from presidents of countries

and companies around the world Deming is

a statistician by training he graduated

in mathematics from Wyoming University

and Yale and spent his early working

life counting the American population

for the US Census Bureau facing this

laborious task Deming said about

applying his statistical methods to

speed things up he believes his

procedures saved the bureau several

hundred thousand dollars when America

joined the Second World War

Deming skills were used to train the

managers who had to run the production

lines for the war effort

Demmings work methods were based on a

rigorous application of statistics

eliminate waste was a key message he

created a dramatic reduction in

scrapping and reworking of scarce raw

materials

Demmings interest in adopting these

methods had been influenced by another

American statistician in 1931 dr. Xu

Hart wrote a key text which laid down

the principles of statistical process

control what could be measured must be

measured exactly control charts could

show what was in statistical control and

what was not

the war conventional and nuclear

destroyed Japanese industry when the

country's young managers approached the

task of renewal they wanted new styles

of management world war two was a

triumph of industrial management and

production the grim evidence of the

American superiority in those skills lay

all around the Japanese the Americans

sent consultants to advise on better

management methods among them were homer

Saracen from Western Electric dr. Joseph

Juran another management consultant who

was steeped in the methods of

statistical control then in 1950 dr.

Deming arrived to tower over the

Japanese both literally and

metaphorically there are sorely afraid

that they had established reputation for

a shoddy quality cheap and worth the

price that they could never undo it I

assured them that it would take only a

short file to undo that reputation

developed new reputation I remember this

well I talked with top management in

Japan I was talking to 80% of the

capital I was back again in six months

back again in another six months back in

1952 several trips all the teaching the

same thing they listened I said that in

five years the whole world would know

about Japanese quality that

manufacturers the world over would be

screaming for protection they beat it

they did it in four years

despite the dry statistics Demmings

theories are very sensitive to people

his fish tale diagram illustrates how

any system is the sum of its human parts

people in a system must cooperate the

one with the other system must have a

name everybody must know about no other

job is who depends on him whom as a

human

we depend on their joy and word because

you feel you belong you're important you

really positive you know in the done a

good job and have a chance to do it

that's all people are for today

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