BELAJAR LAS SMAW 3G / PF | Plate Stick Welding | Pengelasan Vertikal UP

Summary

This video tutorial from the 'Belajar Teknik' channel covers the step-by-step process of vertical plate welding using SMAW W3 techniques. It emphasizes the importance of preparation, including setting up a stable stance to minimize hand shaking during welding. Key protective equipment like welding masks, gloves, and safety shoes are recommended. The video explains different welding stages such as root pass, hot pass, and capping, detailing the required tools, electrode types, and welding angles. The importance of maintaining stable movements, proper cleaning, and checking weld penetration is highlighted for achieving precise results.

Takeaways

• 🔧 The video discusses vertical welding (SMAW W3 GPF) from bottom to top and emphasizes proper body positioning for stability during the welding process.
• 🧰 Using a stable base or stance minimizes hand shaking, ensuring more precise welds during the process.
• 👷‍♂️ Important safety gear includes a welding helmet, welding gloves, apron, and boots to protect the body from heat and sparks.
• ⚙️ Key tools for the welding process include clamps for securing the workpiece, a grinder, wire brush, and other support tools for preparation and post-weld cleaning.
• 🛠️ The materials used for this demo are mild steel plates measuring 30 cm x 10 cm with a thickness of 10 mm and electrodes of specific diameters (2.6 mm and 3.2 mm).
• 📐 The preparation involves creating a bevel of 30° on both sides of the plate and ensuring a root gap of 2.6 mm to 3.2 mm for proper weld penetration.
• ⚡ Direct current (DC) with electrode negative (DCEN) is used to concentrate heat on the workpiece for efficient weld penetration.
• 🔥 For the root pass, 70 amps is applied, and the weld should fully penetrate the root gap, with special attention to achieving a keyhole during welding.
• 🧹 Post-weld cleaning involves using a slag hammer and wire brush to ensure the weld area is free from debris and the quality of the weld is visible.
• 📏 The ideal penetration height for root welds is below 2.5 mm, with subsequent weld layers (hot pass and fill pass) ensuring full fusion without exceeding height tolerances.

Q & A

What is the importance of forming a stable stance while welding?

Forming a stable stance while welding, referred to as 'kuda-kuda,' helps minimize shaking during the welding process. This allows the welder to control their hand movements more effectively and ensures the welding is stable and precise.

What personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn during welding?

The essential PPE for welding includes a welding helmet to cover the face, welding gloves, an apron to protect the chest and hands, safety shoes, and clear safety glasses for grinding.

What is the role of the electrode in the welding process?

The electrode in the welding process serves as the filler material that melts and fuses with the workpieces. The video uses E7016 (2.6 mm) for the root pass and E7018 (3.2 mm) for subsequent passes. The electrode choice affects the polarity and the heat distribution.

Why is it important to clean the weld between passes?

Cleaning the weld between passes is important to remove slag and impurities that can affect the quality of the next weld layer. This ensures a cleaner and stronger weld.

What is the purpose of using polarity DCEN (Direct Current Electrode Negative) in welding?

Polarity DCEN is used in this video to direct 2/3 of the heat towards the workpiece. This makes it easier to melt the base material and facilitates deeper penetration during welding.

What are the key considerations when performing the root pass in welding?

When performing the root pass, it is important to ensure consistent movement, maintain constant heat penetration, and achieve visible keyholes to allow for full penetration of the weld into the gap between the plates.

Why is grinding important for the second root pass?

Grinding is important for the second root pass because it helps remove any excess material or defects from the first pass, ensuring better fusion between the two layers and reducing the chances of defects.

What is the recommended welding angle for vertical welding, and why?

The recommended welding angle for vertical welding is between 75-80 degrees. This angle helps maintain a stable arc and allows better control over the molten pool, preventing sagging or spillage.

What is the purpose of the 'hot pass' in welding?

The 'hot pass' helps to fuse the root pass more thoroughly, remove any trapped slag, and create a smooth transition between the weld layers. In this video, an E7018 electrode with a 90-ampere setting is used for this pass.

What is the final stage of welding called, and what technique is used?

The final stage is called 'capping.' The capping pass is done using a zigzag motion to create a uniform, smooth finish on the weld. It also ensures the weld's overall strength and visual appearance.