BIO 1 7 : Penyebaran Flora di Indonesia
Summary
TLDRIn this engaging biology lesson, Ibu Reni introduces the diversity of Indonesian flora, focusing on the different regions of the country. The flora is divided into three categories: western, central, and eastern Indonesia. Each region has its unique plant species, influenced by the local climate and geography. Examples include tropical rainforests in the west with species like camphor and meranti, drier flora in the central region such as lontar, and tropical epiphytes like orchids in the east. The lesson emphasizes the rich biodiversity across Indonesia’s islands.
Takeaways
- 🌱 The speaker is Ibu Reni, introducing a biology lesson on the distribution of flora in Indonesia.
- 🍇 The Matoa fruit, native to Papua in Eastern Indonesia, is similar to the longan fruit.
- 🌍 Indonesia's flora is divided into three regions: Western, Central, and Eastern.
- 🌳 Western Indonesia (Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Bali, Madura) is characterized by tropical rainforests with high humidity and diverse plant species.
- 🌼 Examples of Western flora include camphor, meranti, tualang, and regional mascots like Cempaka (Aceh) and Andalas (West Sumatra).
- ☀️ Central Indonesia (Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara) has a drier climate with lower humidity, home to flora adapted to less rainfall, such as lontar and the orchid serat.
- 🌸 Eastern Indonesia (Papua, Maluku) shares similarities with Australian tropical forests, with unique flora like epiphytes and spices such as cloves and nutmeg.
- 🍃 Papua's specific flora includes agathis, podocarpus, nipa, and the Matoa fruit.
- 🌺 The rich biodiversity of Indonesia is celebrated, with each region hosting distinct plants and ecosystems.
- 🙏 The lesson concludes with appreciation for the natural richness of Indonesia, attributing it to God's creation.
Q & A
What is the origin of the matoa fruit mentioned in the video?
-The matoa fruit originates from Papua, which is located in eastern Indonesia.
How is the climate in Indonesia's western region described?
-Indonesia's western region, which includes Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Bali, and Madura, is dominated by tropical rainforests with high temperatures, rainfall, and humidity.
Which areas of Indonesia are part of the western flora region?
-The western flora region includes Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Bali, and Madura.
What are some examples of flora found in the tropical rainforests of Sumatra and Kalimantan?
-Examples of flora in these regions include camphor, meranti, kuing, tualang, and damar.
Can you name any region-specific flora in the western part of Indonesia?
-Yes, some examples include cempaka in Aceh, andalas in West Sumatra, black orchids in East Kalimantan, and kasturi in South Kalimantan.
What is the climate like in the central part of Indonesia?
-The central region, including Sulawesi and Nusa Tenggara, has a dry climate with relatively low humidity (below 60%) and lower rainfall.
What types of flora are found in the central region of Indonesia?
-Flora in the central region includes legusei in North Sulawesi, emoni in Central Sulawesi, lontar in South Sulawesi, and fiber orchids in Southeast Sulawesi.
What is a notable characteristic of the flora in Indonesia's eastern region?
-The flora in eastern Indonesia, particularly in Papua and Maluku, is similar to that of Australia's tropical rainforests, featuring epiphytic plants like orchids.
What are some examples of the flora found in Maluku?
-Maluku is known for its spice plants, including nutmeg, cloves, cinnamon, and vanilla.
Which flora is native to Papua, and what was the fruit shown in the video?
-Papua's flora includes agathis, podocarpus, nipa, sago, yams, eucalyptus, and orchids. The fruit shown in the video was the matoa fruit.
Outlines
🌱 Introduction to Flora in Indonesia
In this opening, the speaker, Ibu Reni, introduces the fruit matoa, which originates from Papua, Indonesia. She explains that the topic of the lesson is the distribution of flora across Indonesia, which is divided into three main regions: western, central, and eastern Indonesia. Each region has distinct flora characteristics, and the lesson aims to explore these differences.
🌿 Flora of Western Indonesia
The flora of western Indonesia is introduced, covering regions such as Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Bali, and Madura. This area was once part of the Sunda Shelf, connected to mainland Asia, and is dominated by tropical rainforests with high humidity and diverse plant species. Notable examples of flora in Sumatra and Kalimantan include camphor, Meranti, and Damar trees. Additionally, various regions in western Indonesia have specific iconic plants, like the Cempaka in Aceh, the Andalas in West Sumatra, and the black orchid in East Kalimantan.
🌵 Flora of Central Indonesia
Central Indonesia, including Sulawesi and Nusa Tenggara, is characterized by a drier climate and lower humidity (below 60%). The plants in this region are adapted to the lower rainfall. Examples include the Legusei plant in North Sulawesi, Emoni in Central Sulawesi, the lontar palm in South Sulawesi, and the fiber orchid in Southeast Sulawesi. These flora species are uniquely adapted to survive in drier environments.
🌸 Flora of Eastern Indonesia
Eastern Indonesia, covering Papua and the Maluku Islands, features flora that resembles the tropical rainforests of Australia. The region is rich in epiphytes, such as orchids, including the Larat orchid in Maluku. Maluku is also known for its spice flora, including nutmeg, cloves, cinnamon, and vanilla. Papua's unique flora includes Agathis, Podocarpus, nipa palm, and various orchid species, as well as the matoa fruit, which was mentioned at the beginning of the video.
🌳 Conclusion and Reflection on Indonesia's Rich Flora
The video concludes with a reflection on the incredible richness and diversity of Indonesia's flora. The speaker reminds students of the three main flora regions in Indonesia (western, central, and eastern) and how each region has its own distinct plant species. The lesson highlights how Indonesia's biodiversity is a testament to the country's natural wealth and encourages students to continue exploring and appreciating this variety.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Matoa
💡Flora Indonesia Barat (Western Indonesia Flora)
💡Hutan Hujan Tropis (Tropical Rainforest)
💡Flora Indonesia Tengah (Central Indonesia Flora)
💡Flora Indonesia Timur (Eastern Indonesia Flora)
💡Dangkalan Sunda (Sunda Shelf)
💡Garis Wallace (Wallace Line)
💡Flora Khas (Characteristic Flora)
💡Rempah-rempah (Spices)
💡Keanekaragaman Hayati (Biodiversity)
Highlights
Introduction to the matoa fruit from Papua, Indonesia, and its comparison to the longan fruit.
The lesson is focused on the distribution of flora across Indonesia's different regions.
Flora of Indonesia is categorized into three regions: Western Indonesia, Central Indonesia, and Eastern Indonesia.
Western Indonesia (Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Bali, Madura) is characterized by tropical rainforests with high humidity and diverse flora.
Examples of tropical rainforest flora in Western Indonesia include camphor, meranti, kuing, tualang, and damar.
Specific flora from Sumatra and Kalimantan are used as mascots, such as the cempaka in Aceh, andalas in West Sumatra, and the black orchid in East Kalimantan.
Flora specific to Java and Bali include gandaria and albasia in West Java, bunga til in Central Java, sedap malam in East Java, and menjagau in Bali.
Central Indonesia (Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara) has a dry climate with low humidity, affecting the flora that grows there.
Examples of flora in Central Indonesia include legusei in North Sulawesi, emoni in Central Sulawesi, lontar in South Sulawesi, and the fiber orchid in Southeast Sulawesi.
Eastern Indonesia (Papua, Maluku) has characteristics similar to Australia's rainforests with many epiphytes, such as orchids.
Maluku is famous for its spice plants, such as nutmeg, cloves, cinnamon, and vanilla.
Flora in Papua includes agatis, podokarpus, nipa, sabu, and the unique matoa fruit.
The importance of recognizing the rich biodiversity of Indonesia's flora and how it's divided by region.
Reminder that Indonesia's flora is diverse due to different climates and geographical features.
The teacher concludes by encouraging students to appreciate the diversity of Indonesia's flora, reflecting on the richness of the natural world.
Transcripts
Hai anak-anak sekalian salam biologi
salam Lestari Jumpa lagi bersama dengan
saya Ibu Reni Eh ada gambar apa ya kalau
kalian belum tahu ini adalah buah matoa
buah Matoa berasal dari Papua Indonesia
bagian timur buah ini sejenis dengan
buah kelengkeng untuk anak-anak
Indonesia bagian timur pasti buah ini
sudah tidak asing lagi jadi k ini materi
yang mau kita bahas adalah penyebaran
flora di
Indonesia seperti yang kita pelajari
sebelumnya flora Indonesia dibagi
menjadi tiga bagian yaitu flora
Indonesia bagian barat flora Indonesia
bagian tengah dan flora Indonesia bagian
timur seperti apa sih flora di setiap
wilayahnya yang pertama adalah flora
Indonesia bagian Barat wilayah bagian
Barat sebelumnya adalah dangkalan sunda
yang menyatu dengan benua Asia bagian
timur di wilayah ini dibatasi dengan
garis walas flora Indonesia bagian barat
tersebar di pulau Sumatera Kalimantan
Jawa Bali dan Madura Indonesia di bagian
barat didominasi oleh hutan hujan tropis
artinya bagian barat ini memiliki suhu
curah hujan dan kelembaban yang tinggi
banyak mendapatkan sinar matahari serta
jenis sworanya adalah heterogen dan
beraneka ragam namun bagian timur curang
hujan semakin rendah dan semakin sulit
ditemukan hutan hujan tropis lalu jenis
flora di Indonesia bagian barat Seperti
apa ya contoh flora yang ada di hutan
hujan tropis Sumatera dan Kalimantan
adalah kamper Meranti kuing Tualang Lalu
ada juga Damar nah anak-anak sekalian
ada juga flora khas di sumata dan
Kalimantan yang biasanya dijadikan
maskot di suatu wilayah misalnya adalah
Cempaka untuk daerah Aceh Andalas di
Sumatera Barat lalu anggrek hitam di
Kalimantan Timur dan kasturi di
Kalimantan Selatan sementara itu flora
khas di Jawa dan Bali diantaranya ada
Gandaria dan albasia di Jawa Barat
kemudi bungatil di Jawa
Tengah
sedap malam di Jawa Timur dan menjagau
di Bali Wah sangat beragam sekali ya
flora yang tumbuh di bagian barat ini
Lalu bagaimana dengan flora di bagian
tengah ya Indonesia bagian tengah
meliputi sulawesi dan Nusa Tenggara ciri
Indonesia bagian tengah adalah iklimnya
kering kelembaban udaranya relatif
rendah di bawah 60% flora yang mampu
beradaptasi dengan curah hujan rendah
Line flora yang ada di Indonesia bagian
tengah itu contohnya adalah
legusei di Sulawesi Utara
Emoni di Sulawesi Tengah lontar di
Sulawesi Selatan dan anggrek serat di
Sulawesi Tenggara sampailah kita di
bagian terakhir dari flora di Indonesia
bagian Timur ya wilayahnya meliputi
Papua dan kepulauan Maluku karakteristik
hutan yang berada di Indonesia bagian
timur mirip dengan hutan hujan di
Australia tumbuhan epifit seperti
Anggrek banyak ditemukan di hutan hujan
tropis bagian ini seperti anggrek larat
yang merupakan flora khas di Maluku
Selain itu Maluku dikenal juga dengan
flora rempah-rempahnya di anaranya
adalah pala cengkeh Kayu Manis serta
vanili sementara di Papua flora yang
tumbuh di antaranya adalah agatis
podokarpus nipa sabu Rota
ubi-ubian kayu putih Anggrek serta
tumbuhan yang tadi kamu lihat buahnya
adalah Matoa jadi perlu diingat
persebaran flora di Indonesia dibagi
menjadi tiga ya flora Indonesia bagian
barat flora Indonesia bagian tengah dan
flora Indonesia bagian timur yang
masing-masing memiliki flora yang khas
Wah kita sudah lihat ya betapa kayanya
Indonesia ini ya Sekali lagi kita
diperlihatkan Bagaimana kekayaan
floraonesia
tuhan memang sangat baik pada ciptaannya
jadi sampai di sini dulu ya pembelajaran
kita kali ini kiranya kamu tetap diberi
semangat untuk belajar tentang
keanekagaman hati Terima kasih untuk
atas Tuhan Yesus
[Musik]
memberkati
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