Rediscovering Philippine Art - PART I
Summary
TLDRThe video explores the rich history and evolution of Philippine art, highlighting its unique and sentimental qualities. It delves into pre-colonial, colonial, and contemporary influences, noting key artists like Fernando Amorsolo, Vicente Manansala, and Hernando Ocampo. Each artist’s style, such as Amorsolo’s use of light or Manansala’s cubism, reflects distinct aspects of Filipino culture and identity. The video underscores the importance of art in preserving cultural heritage, evolving through time while maintaining its role in shaping and expressing the Filipino identity.
Takeaways
- 🎨 **Rediscovering Philippine Art**: The video emphasizes the beauty and uniqueness of Philippine art, which is sentimental, poignant, romantic, and nostalgic.
- 🌏 **Cultural Influence**: Before foreign influences, the Philippines had its own cultural development, which was later infused with Western culture during the colonial period.
- 🏛️ **Historical Art Shift**: There was a shift from traditional Filipino art to Western-influenced art, affecting even courtship customs and historical heritage.
- 👨🎨 **Artistic Identity**: Philippine art plays a crucial role in preserving national identity and celebrating the country's rich cultural heritage.
- 🖌️ **Technical Innovations**: The video discusses the technical characteristics and innovations of Filipino artists, such as Fernando Amorsolo's use of light.
- 🌈 **Colorful Expression**: Filipino art is known for its use of vibrant colors, reflecting the country's diversity and love for the grandiose.
- 🏞️ **Cultural Representation**: Artworks like Amorsolo's Baguio depict the culture and lifestyle of Filipinos, using light in a way that is reminiscent of Impressionist painters.
- 🔵 **Vicente Manansala**: Manansala is noted for developing Transparent Cubism, showing a shift from traditional to modern art forms that reflect social realities.
- 🌿 **Hernando Ocampo**: Ocampo's style, though abstract, is considered the most Filipino, with his works portraying the natural beauty of the country through bold colors and strokes.
- 🗿 **Napoleon Abueva**: Abueva's modernist sculptures, with themes centered around Filipino culture and animals, show a departure from traditional sculpture styles.
- 📚 **Art History Overview**: The video provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of Philippine art from pre-colonial times through different periods of foreign influence to modern times.
Q & A
What is the main topic of the video transcript?
-The main topic of the video transcript is rediscovering Philippine art, discussing its history, cultural significance, and the influence of various artists on its development.
How is Philippine art described in the transcript?
-Philippine art is described as beautiful, unique, emotional, sentimental, poignant, romantic, and nostalgic. It often reflects emotions such as regret, fear, and loneliness.
What are the objectives of studying Philippine art according to the transcript?
-The objectives of studying Philippine art include analyzing the creative qualities of Philippine art through Filipino artists' works, recognizing notable technical characteristics and innovations of Filipino artists, and applying Filipino subject matter or technique through creative outputs.
What is the significance of Fernando Amorsolo's work in Philippine art?
-Fernando Amorsolo's work is significant because he is known as the master of Philippine light, capturing the luminosity of skin and local scenes, which brings warmth and idyllic scenes of Philippine provinces and traditions.
How does Vicente Manansala's art differ from Fernando Amorsolo's?
-Vicente Manansala's art differs from Fernando Amorsolo's in that Manansala developed a transparent cubism technique, which contrasts with Amorsolo's impressionist style. Manansala's work often reflects real events and social issues of his time, with non-luminous skin tones.
What is the contribution of Hernando Ocampo to Philippine art?
-Hernando Ocampo's contribution to Philippine art is his unique painterly approach, which is considered by some critics as the most Filipino style. His works are characterized by abstract compositions of biological forms portrayed in bold strokes of colors.
What is the historical significance of pre-colonial Philippine art?
-Pre-colonial Philippine art is significant because it reflects the rich historical and artistic background of the Philippines. It often used materials found in the immediate environment and combined functionality with aesthetics, connected to traditional belief systems and local values.
How did the American period influence Philippine art?
-The American period influenced Philippine art by introducing new styles and techniques, and by opening up opportunities for Filipino artists to get involved in international art expositions. It also led to the opening of small workshops for art training.
What role did art play during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines?
-During the Japanese occupation, art became a vehicle for the Japanese to control the Philippine spirit by restricting artistic expression and laying the groundwork for cultural regeneration, dissipating American influence.
What are some examples of traditional Philippine art forms mentioned in the transcript?
-Some examples of traditional Philippine art forms mentioned in the transcript include wood carving, weaving, and pottery, such as the Manunggul jar of Palawan, kalatagan jar, and maetun burial jar.
What is the message for the future generation of artists in the transcript?
-The message for the future generation of artists is that they are the future of Philippine arts, and it is up to them to decide the direction and future of art in the Philippines, encouraging them to continue the rich tradition and innovation in Philippine art.
Outlines
🎨 Rediscovering Philippine Art: A Journey Through History
This paragraph introduces the topic of rediscovering Philippine art, emphasizing its uniqueness, emotional depth, and sentimentality. It highlights how Philippine art developed its identity before foreign influences and how it evolved during the colonial period, blending local and Western cultural elements. The importance of studying Philippine art to connect with history and identity is stressed.
🏞️ Amorsolo's Art and Filipino Culture
This section focuses on Fernando Amorsolo’s artwork, particularly his painting of Baguio. The use of light and local Filipino imagery, such as the bahay kubo, is discussed. Amorsolo's work is compared to Impressionist painters, showcasing how his technique embodies both Filipino culture and the idea of reminiscing about the past. The preservation of Filipino identity through art is also underscored.
🖌️ Notable Filipino Artists and Their Styles
This paragraph highlights several Filipino artists and their contributions to the national identity. Fernando Amorsolo is recognized for his mastery of light, while Vicente Manansala's cubism is introduced as an innovative approach to Filipino art. The importance of originality in Filipino artistic expression, despite foreign influences, is discussed through the lens of these notable artists.
🎭 Filipino Art Through Historical Eras
This section traces the development of Filipino art across different historical periods. From the pre-colonial use of natural materials to the religious influences during the Hispanic period, and later the American period's introduction of modern styles, Filipino art has evolved while retaining its cultural roots. The importance of traditional belief systems and local values is shown through various forms of art like pottery and wood carving.
🖼️ Modern and Contemporary Philippine Art
This paragraph explores modern and contemporary Philippine art. Artists like Napoleon Abueva and Hernando Ocampo are mentioned for their unique styles, including abstract compositions and geometric forms. The rise of modernism in the Philippines, particularly during the third and fourth republics, is noted as a time of both innovation and protest, with artists contributing to revolutionary art and national identity. The future of Philippine art is left as a question for the new generation of artists to answer.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Philippine Art
💡Colonial Influence
💡Fernando Amorsolo
💡Impressionism
💡Cubism
💡Abstraction
💡National Identity
💡Cultural Heritage
💡Pre-Colonial Art
💡Modernism
Highlights
Rediscovering Philippine art emphasizes the unique and emotional characteristics of Filipino art, which is often nostalgic and sentimental.
Before foreign influences, the Philippines had its own rich culture and values reflected in early art forms.
Colonialism brought western influences into Filipino art, merging foreign and native styles over time.
Art serves as a medium to preserve Filipino identity and culture, especially in the face of foreign invasion and influence.
Fernando Amorsolo is celebrated as the 'Master of Philippine Light' for his mastery in capturing the interplay of light in his paintings.
Vicente Manansala developed the 'transparent cubism' technique, combining multiple geometric shapes and perspectives to create depth.
Hernando Ocampo's abstract works, characterized by bold strokes and colors, are considered among the most uniquely Filipino art.
Napoleon Abueva’s modernist sculptures veered away from conservative styles, embracing geometric and edgy forms while maintaining Filipino themes.
Early forms of Filipino art were practical and functional, using materials from the natural environment like buri, rattan, and bamboo in weaving.
The Manunggul Jar and Maitum burial jars are early Filipino artworks that reflect beliefs and emotions, featuring anthropomorphic designs.
Wood carving, especially among the Cordilleran peoples, and the Maranao's ornate designs like the Sarimanok, represent a deep cultural heritage.
Spanish colonial art was heavily influenced by religious themes, but still retained elements of Filipino culture and aesthetics.
The rise of modernism in the Philippines during the post-American era saw artists experimenting with new forms and media.
During the Marcos era, institutions like the Cultural Center of the Philippines were established to promote high art and avant-garde styles.
Contemporary Filipino art has evolved with the formation of commercial galleries, art groups, and the rise of new institutions supporting the arts.
Transcripts
good day everyone
sir levy is back
so it's been a long time since i
actually uploaded a video
so let's now move on to another topic
and that is
rediscovering philippine art i know you
already know how beautiful the
philippine arts are very unique and
very emotional very sentimental
philippine art in general is poignant
romantic and even
nostalgic
very sentimental among arts
emotions of regrets fear
and loneliness so before we were
influenced by those turners
we were already developing our own sets
of culture and values bhagavan sila the
mate
so during the colonial period gradually
we became infused by foreign influences
later on in western culture in terms of
art
[Music]
historical heritage even the old
filipino manners even ethics
school if you know the issue between
the andrew e and luni
and new schools and old school apartment
influenced by western culture so even
the beautiful way of courtship
is gone in the midst of the past
the lagang filipinas or continental
philippines nothing philippine art on
the other hand has been conscious of
these changes and has become
a way to reminisce and remember our old
virtues
and rich roots cinematograms artists
arts regarding our old school that is
why it is very important to study
philippine art
is part of identity and that's simply
because we have a beautiful culture
worth
celebrating um history now adding uh
philippine arts
culture so at the end of this discussion
ethong in young matuna
now let's have lesson one how philippine
is philippine art
it is a survey on the markers of our
artistic culture
so the objectives are here analyze
creative qualities of philippine art
through some filipino artists presented
recognize notable technical
characteristics and innovations of
filipino artists and three
apply the filipino subject matter or
technique
through a simple creative output
some art and philippine art so applying
the knowledge of art criticism if you
can still remember
my component snapping we can have
components of arts and uh the subject of
art
criticize them art so we can see how
such painting rendition of amorsolo's
work
mirrors the functions of art quality and
functional art
and we have studied that already before
so the subject matter the context and
the imagery and even the use of light
here obviously signifies something local
hence presenting itself
as a reminder of our culture and even a
sense of identity
applying the topics we have discussed
uh before the subjects of art the
uh components of art the elements of art
the functions of art and pretty natalia
criticized no
we do have an identity and filipinos are
actually art lovers
we love grandiose and colorful things
these are so evident in our jeepneys
the colorful decorations of pahia's
festival
our native pigments and colors and even
our clothes of asuata
sometimes we do not even have a sense of
color harmony
the music orange
um but you know nothing is wrong with
that because that is art
our diversity is indeed reflective in
our art forms and it makes us united and
unique
so let's look at the rendition of
amorsolos baguio
as you can see young subject of art
latin
a young missman scenery in baguio
it also shows the culture of the
filipinos in baguio like kubo
and if you can see the light used by
amor solo major impressionists
so therefore it's
[Music]
there is a question in the painting can
we go back to the past
so how do you see the painting of
fernando morsolos baguio
filipino artists are important forces in
the formation of our national identity
must not preserve nothing original
identity
invasion of the foreigners so images and
the culture of making artwork has power
in itself casino young acting
original identity as we go on moving
from generation to generation so these
are some notable artists who have
captures our filipino sensibilities
in their own ways perspectives
culture original identity number
filipinos
number one ac fernando amorsolo
interpreted the
philippine light or young light
so we can compare his style with the
impressionist painters you know
impressionistic
painters that and also aim to express
simple beauties of nature and life
such arties are augusta renoir
edward monet and augustua dominic
ingress
because of omar solo's expertise on his
medium which is oil and his sensitivity
to life
amor solo was able to paint luminous
skin as slight strikes
it and creates a certain glow and of
course others even say that you can
almost feel the blood rushing underneath
the flesh
casing as a sobrang luminous
painting fernando morsolo because of the
use of light
so in short fernando marsolo is expert
on uh
using the sensitivity of light sagan
paintings he was then coined as the
master of the philippine light this is
the kind of light
then when it strikes tan flesh or leaves
of the trees
for example one can immediately see a
range of analogous
or related colors such as yellow green
yellow and white that appear at the same
time and makes one feel the want of the
scene created
because of his excellent style his
paintings never failed to bring back the
warmth
and idyllic scenes of philippine
province and traditions
so that's properly non-light
so paranal
[Music]
and the feeling of province in the
philippines in his paintings
look at this guys
next among the filipino artists we have
vicente mansala who developed his
rendition
of transparent cubism technique so his
technique is cubism
it don't see bernardo mor solo
impressionism
cubism was pioneered jointly by pablo
picasso and george brokay
and was described to be the most radical
innovation of art isms
since it contrasted greatly with the
classical perception of beauty and
normal
definition a lot of beauty it uses
overlapping and multi-perspective
geometric shapes and forms of the chosen
subject to produce depth
[Music]
edges
[Music]
[Music]
[Applause]
is closer to synthetic cubism rather
than its earlier phase
which is analytic cubism he further
developed it into transparent cubism
which shows panels of shapes interfacing
each other
differential syntheticism and analytic
division
creepers and kss analytic cubism look at
this painting this is vicente manzalas
so unlike amarsolo marasala echoes the
proletarian painters of the united
states oyo mangamir
and uh uh majorcar painters language
normal pinterest united states
so his works were non-ideally indonesia
idyllic
emotions and background showing evidence
of real events happening at this time
like poverty public era economic
depression
and skin tones are not luminous
[Music]
next we have hernando arocampo so campos
style was considered by some critics as
the most filipino
filipino style so most of hr or campos
works
are purely abstraction or abstract
therefore it is hard to pinpoint why he
was described as the most filipino
painter ever
however it is not the content but rather
the style of his works
where one can see his unique painterly
approach so therefore sama
a unique that's based on the critics
what is unique in its works are the
abstract compositions of biological
forms that are portrayed in bold strokes
of colors
that seem to oscillate before your eyes
so his subject matters are usually
nature's flora and fauna
hence reflective of the natural beauty
of his country
helix hernando campo some of our
biological forms like
plants and animals yung young nature's
flora and fauna nanaga reflect
natural beauty numbanza next we have
napoleon abuela
which a modernist but the filipino
themed sculptures young animals work
so characterized by the planner and
geometric look of his
sculptures and veered away from the
conservatism of his mentor guillermo
tolentino
known for sculpting the diversity of the
philippines oblation
adjena mitnama and concepts like carabao
father and child and even farmers
sculptures yokanyama's cultures are
mostly characterized by edgy and bold
concept so what's happening a bite of
visual arts history of the country
so i know history in a man on visual
arts the philippines
so these are the objectives
do you remember your elementary days
when you were asked to wear a costume
that represents the philippines
have you learned that uh camisa de chino
or salapot if you are male
have you paired your malone with pearl
jewelry and outlets
certainly these are signifiers of our
rich
historical artistic background so from
such examples
we can safely say that the function
preceded the aesthetics during our
pre-colonial time so even for colonial
times meru natal
arts and culture and alana
by use of some materials found in the
immediate environment combining a
functionality with statics and art forms
are usually connected to traditional
delete
systems and local values so gametagating
environmental materials it has
related or in relation to the belief
systems
and the local values among filipino
earliest forms in ayuklay battery and
the best
example of it is the manungul jar of
palawan
in another form is the kalatagan jar
which displays
inscriptions on its body on
mysulatsaganya
[Music]
we also have the maetun burial jar
which is anthropomorphic or ebik samia
and mero
mohan were characterized by the faces of
human beings
with expressions of sadness and joy
foreign
[Music]
so wood carving is another prominent art
form
our animistic ancestors mostly from the
cordilleras
curved up in many variations
[Applause]
[Music]
design and motif on wood used by the
maranao
and taosu peoples so principal designs
are
the sari manok a colorful kingfisher
with mythical reference
the naga ancient serpents and pakorabong
stylized fern this is found mostly in
the extended floor beams of the maranao
torogan
which is the sultan's house a variation
of his ornamentation can be found in the
mallong
and even in stone grave markers
weaving was also predominant as we are
very rich
in materials like the burri rattan
pandan and bamboo splits
used in making hats and baskets like the
passaiking backpack
[Music]
local textiles were also weave finely
from materials like pinya and
baja fibers textile designs were present
in that tinala cloth of pindanao which
is a decorative thai dyeing method
with motives like a gemayo bird with
flapping wings
the dancing man as a symbol to call for
rain and the frog for fertility
during hispanic period the month the
main force of art is the church
yumasimbahanaten hence works were mostly
concerned with religious subject matters
so therefore
yomma arts that indito are based on
religions
notable artworks were philippine flora
and fauna
and the leches ifiguras filipinos were
trained by friars
and but they adhered to a more rich
palette like red blue
and yellow in american period
naman we have this american influence on
1900s
closing of the escuela de pintura
granbado escultura
which paved the way for the opening of
small workshops led by artists to train
pupils
photoethnography was done by american
soldiers
to prove the uncivilized and primitive
people of the philippines forces of art
were commissions
sales gifts and opening of new
american-based businesses
and filipinos started getting involved
international art expositions
like felix resurrection hidalgo second
republic naman which is 1942-1945
japan occupies the country and laid the
groundwork for cultural
regeneration dissipating american
influence
some artists involved in the movement
were conservatives fernando morsolo his
brother pablo
guillermo tolentino dominador and
castaneda and modernist victorio
edades hernando campo
art became a vehicle of influence for
the japanese to control the philippine
spirit
by restricting their artistic expression
on third the republic 1946 to 1972
the rise of modernism is per headed
mostly by h.r ocampo
victorio dades and napoleon bueba art
association of the philippines was
formed along the philippine art gallery
and main art movements were realism
neorealism with media-related
conventions like comics and editorial
cartoons
fourth republic 1972-1986
marco's era marcus monument was created
but
was later destroyed so first lady mel
demarco's efforts at himalayan
cultural center of the philippines
jannabo and ccp an established
ccp national arts center and philippine
high school for the arts among others
the ccp was envisioned as
a shrine for high art and avante garde
prominent artists were chabat fernando
zobel raymundo
albano along with modern artist mansala
who painted the
madonna of the slums benedicto cabrera
bengal
produced protest and revolutionary art
through his paintings and prints
antipas de lutabo painted with
watercolor a very striking work entitled
ipat sapozuni and in the fifth republic
1972-1986 contemporary philippine art
has arisen rise of commercial
galleries improvement of institutions
and formation of
more art groups and collectives
and this only shows that new modern
art in the philippines has just arrived
the moment i am a commercial gallery is
that an even
improvement of the art institution
statin and formulation or formation
of more art groups and collective groups
so now we just learned the history of
the philippines in terms
of art anonymous arts nothing
was it good is it going good
or are we having a good future of art
well uh it's for you to decide because
you are now
the future artist you are the new
generation
of the philippine arts well that's it
for today
thank you so much for watching see you
next time sir levy is signing off
you
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