Bara Perlawanan Warga Pulau Sangiang | Buka Mata

Summary

The video highlights the ongoing struggle of residents on Sangiang Island, near Jakarta, as they resist land privatization by developers. The island, historically designated as protected land, was reclassified as a tourism area, sparking conflict with local inhabitants. Despite government and investor pressure, including criminalization and ecological sabotage, the residents fight to defend their ancestral land. Their situation mirrors the recent controversy in Rempang, Riau. The community remains resilient, hoping the government will not renew the developers' permits, despite facing ongoing threats to their livelihood and homes.

Takeaways

• 🏝️ **Conflict over Pulau Sangiang**: The residents of Pulau Sangiang are resisting the privatization of their land by developers, citing long-standing community ties to the island.
• ⚖️ **Privatization vs. Heritage**: The struggle is framed as a fight against the privatization of a heritage island by powerful developers under the guise of tourism and development.
• 🏡 **Land Ownership Dispute**: Residents assert that they have ancestral rights to the land, backed by historical documents and long-term residence, while the government and private companies claim ownership.
• 🔄 **Changes in Island Status**: In the 1990s, the island's status was altered from a nature reserve to a tourist destination by the government, which led to the displacement of many residents.
• 💼 **Corporate Influence**: PT Pondok Kalimaya Putih, the primary developer, has been accused of manipulating legal processes to claim land, leading to large-scale displacement of the island’s inhabitants.
• 🐍 **Environmental Intimidation**: Residents reported instances of environmental manipulation, where animals like wild boars and venomous snakes were introduced to the island to discourage farming and force residents off their land.
• 👨‍⚖️ **Legal and Social Pressure**: Since 2014, residents have faced legal battles, intimidation, and criminalization, with several residents being accused of illegal land use.
• 🌐 **Connection to Larger Issues**: The struggle at Pulau Sangiang is likened to other land conflicts in Indonesia, such as the recent tensions at Pulau Rempang, showing a pattern of state and corporate collusion.
• 💪 **Community Resilience**: Despite the declining number of families on the island, the remaining residents are determined to continue their fight for justice and land rights.
• 🙏 **Hope and Faith**: The residents maintain hope through their faith, believing that with prayer and perseverance, they will eventually win back their land.

Q & A

What is the main issue faced by the residents of Pulau Sangiang?

The residents of Pulau Sangiang are struggling against the privatization of their land by developers, backed by the government, which aims to convert the island into a tourist area.

How does the situation on Pulau Sangiang compare to the situation on Rempang Island?

Similar to the situation on Rempang Island, residents of Pulau Sangiang are facing eviction by the government under the pretext of investment and tourism development. Both communities are fighting to defend their ancestral land.

What historical event contributed to the conflict between the residents and developers on Pulau Sangiang?

The conflict began in the 1990s when the government changed Pulau Sangiang’s status from a nature reserve to a natural tourism park, and later issued land use permits (HGB) to private companies, displacing the residents.

What is the significance of the island for the residents of Pulau Sangiang?

The residents view Pulau Sangiang as ancestral land, which they claim was granted to them by the Sultanate of Banten. It holds deep cultural and historical significance for the community, who have lived there for generations.

How did the government justify converting Pulau Sangiang into a tourism area?

The government claimed that the island was being damaged by illegal encroachment, which they used as a justification to convert it into a natural tourism park and grant permits to private companies.

How have residents of Pulau Sangiang been affected by the development projects?

Residents have been forced to leave their land, faced criminal charges, and endured environmental sabotage, such as the introduction of pests like wild boars and venomous snakes, which destroyed their crops and livelihoods.

What was the role of PT Pondok Kalimaya Putih in the conflict?

PT Pondok Kalimaya Putih was granted land-use rights on Pulau Sangiang and has been central to the efforts to evict residents, using various legal and physical intimidation tactics to remove them from the island.

What kind of intimidation did the residents face after PT Pondok Kalimaya Putih was granted rights to the land?

In addition to the environmental sabotage with pests, several residents were criminalized and charged with illegal land use, even though they had not sold or surrendered their land to the company.

What legal actions have been taken against the residents of Pulau Sangiang?

In 2017, three residents were charged with illegally occupying land that was supposedly owned by the developer. This was part of an ongoing pattern of intimidation and legal actions against the community.

What are the hopes of the residents of Pulau Sangiang regarding their land dispute?

The residents hope that the government will side with them and not extend PT Pondok Kalimaya Putih's lease, allowing them to remain on their ancestral land and protect it from further privatization.

Why do the residents remain optimistic despite the challenges they face?

Although the odds seem stacked against them, residents like Lukman believe that through faith and perseverance, they will be able to win their struggle to keep their land and preserve their way of life.

Outlines

00:00

🏝️ Struggle for Sangiang Island: Battling Privatization

The peaceful Sangiang Island, close to Jakarta, has been the site of a longstanding battle between its residents and developers. The island's inhabitants are fighting against privatization efforts that have persisted for decades. Just like Rempang Island in Riau, Sangiang's residents face eviction in the name of tourism development. The conflict dates back to the 1990s when the government transformed the island from a nature reserve to a tourist destination, leading to mass displacement of residents despite their ancestral claims to the land.

05:02

💼 Government and Investor Interests in Sangiang

The conflict over Sangiang Island reflects a deeper clash between residents’ claims to ancestral lands and the ambitions of the government and investors. Residents argue that Sangiang is indigenous land, given to the Lampung descendants in Banten, but government policies have gradually eroded their rights. Despite the historical significance of the island to the Lampung community, modern-day development projects, driven by speculation and privatization, have prioritized outside investors, leaving the local population without adequate infrastructure, education, or health services.

10:04

🌾 Agricultural Challenges Due to Wildlife Invasion

Sangiang’s residents have long sustained themselves through farming, growing crops such as cassava, corn, and peanuts. However, since the island was transformed into a tourist park, residents have faced agricultural challenges caused by invasive wildlife like wild boars, squirrels, and venomous snakes. These animals were allegedly introduced to drive the residents out, making farming nearly impossible. Despite the once fertile land, residents now struggle to grow crops due to constant wildlife interference, forcing them to leave their fields.

15:08

⚖️ Legal Battles and Intimidation Against Sangiang’s Residents

In addition to wildlife terror, the residents of Sangiang have faced legal intimidation. In 2017, three villagers were criminalized for allegedly encroaching on land, despite never selling or giving up their property. The residents had been hosting tourists, leading to disputes with investors who accused them of illegal land use. The situation escalated with mass legal summonses, though the focus narrowed to just a few individuals who were taken to court. This legal pressure, starting as early as 2014, has been part of a sustained effort to push residents off the land.

Keywords

💡Privatization

Privatization refers to the process of transferring ownership of a public resource, in this case, Pulau Sangiang, to private companies or investors. In the video, the residents of Pulau Sangiang are resisting the privatization efforts led by a company. This privatization is seen as a threat to the community, as it aims to displace them for tourism and commercial development.

💡Pulau Sangiang

Pulau Sangiang is an island in Indonesia that has been inhabited by its local population for decades. The video highlights the struggle of its residents against the privatization of the island by investors, who are backed by government efforts to develop the island into a tourism destination. The island symbolizes resistance against exploitation and the preservation of ancestral land.

💡Tourism development

Tourism development is the process of transforming a natural or cultural area into a tourist attraction, often resulting in significant economic and environmental changes. In Pulau Sangiang, the government and investors seek to develop the island into a tourist destination, which involves displacing local communities and transforming the island's land and resources.

💡Exodus

Exodus refers to the mass departure of people from a particular area. In the context of the video, many residents of Pulau Sangiang were forced to leave their homes due to pressure from the government and private companies looking to take control of the land. This exodus represents the loss of cultural heritage and the displacement of indigenous people.

💡Cultural heritage

Cultural heritage in this video pertains to the ancestral land and traditions of the people living in Pulau Sangiang. The residents view their land as sacred and historically tied to the Sultanate of Hasanudin and the Sultanate of Raden Intan Lampung, making it a cultural and spiritual battleground as they fight to preserve it from commercialization and tourism projects.

💡Land rights

Land rights refer to the legal and traditional claims of the Pulau Sangiang residents over their ancestral land. Despite having official documents proving their ownership, their land rights are being ignored by private developers and the government, leading to a conflict over the legal and ethical use of the land.

💡Intimidation

Intimidation in the video refers to the tactics used by private companies and the government to force residents off the island. This includes the introduction of pests, such as wild boars and venomous snakes, to disrupt farming activities, as well as legal and criminal actions to further pressure the community into leaving their homes.

💡Ancestral land

Ancestral land is land that has been passed down through generations and holds significant cultural and historical importance to the indigenous people. In the video, Pulau Sangiang is considered ancestral land by its residents, and they are fighting to protect it from being taken over by investors for tourism development.

💡Criminalization

Criminalization refers to the legal actions taken against the residents of Pulau Sangiang, accusing them of illegally occupying land that belongs to private companies. This is part of the strategy to delegitimize the residents' claims and force them off the island. Several community members were charged with trespassing, despite their long-standing residence on the land.

💡Government complicity

Government complicity refers to the active role the government plays in enabling private companies to take control of Pulau Sangiang. By changing the land's status from a natural reserve to a tourism zone and issuing land permits to private investors, the government is seen as supporting corporate interests over the welfare of the local community.

Highlights

Pulau Sangiang is facing privatization pressures from developers, similar to the struggle faced by residents of Pulau Rempang in Riau.

The island has been resisting privatization for decades, with residents fighting to maintain their ancestral lands against government-backed tourism projects.

Residents claim the conflict began in the early 1990s when the government changed the island’s status from a nature reserve to a tourist destination.

The island was originally intended to serve as a transit hub for the proposed Sunda Strait Bridge during the Soekarno era, though the plan was abandoned under the New Order government.

The conflict escalated when the government issued a building rights certificate (HGB) to a private company, forcing many residents to leave the island.

Despite having documentation proving their land ownership, residents were labeled as illegal occupants by the forestry department and developers.

Pulau Sangiang is considered adat land (customary land) by local residents, passed down from the Lampung Sultanate to their descendants living in Banten.

Residents believe the island was deliberately neglected by the government to make it easier to privatize for tourism development.

Since the 1990s, PT Kalimaya Putih, the company managing the island’s development, has engaged in forced land acquisitions, some of which were allegedly fraudulent.

Residents have experienced intimidation, including wildlife being released on the island (wild boars, venomous snakes) to destroy their crops.

Three local residents were criminalized in 2017 for allegedly trespassing on land they claim to have owned for generations.

The privatization efforts have led to the destruction of traditional farming activities, making it difficult for residents to grow food.

Despite decades of struggle, only 18 families remain on the island, continuing to fight against the expansion of private tourism projects.

In 2017, tensions escalated when PT Kalimaya Putih accused residents of operating unauthorized tourism activities, leading to lawsuits and further criminalization.

Residents are now waiting for the government’s decision on whether to renew the company’s development permit, which expires this year, hoping for justice after 30 years of struggle.

Transcripts

[Musik]

ini Pulau sangang lokasinya tak jauh

dari pusat kekuasaan di Jakarta sekilas

tidak ada yang aneh di Pulau ini tapi di

sini warganya sedang bertahan melawan

privatisasi oleh

pengembang ya pulau indah ini sudah

puluhan tahun menyimpan Bara perlawanan

dari para penghuninya mereka melawan

privatisasi pulau atas kuasa tangan

negara dengan nama

[Musik]

pariwisata jika warga pulau rempang di

Riau sana beberapa waktu lalu jadi

sorotan karena bakal diusir dari

rumahnya oleh pemerintah atas nama

investasi warga yang tinggal di pulau

Sangiang juga bernasib sama Jauh sebelum

rempang membara warga sangang sedang

berjuang mempertahankan tanahnya

[Musik]

kami mendatangi Pulau sangia mendengar

kisah Bagaimana warga mempertahankan

tanah

leluhurnya pertama awal mulanya konflik

dengan PT itu

Eh si investor mulai e mengincar Pulau

ini gu kan si investor

itu mereka mulai menginsar pulau ini di

tahun

0-an Jauh sebelum tahun 90-an

kemungkinan Pulau ini udah ada rencana

pemerintah kalau Pulau sangang

ini untuk transit atau untuk penompang

jembatan Selat

Sunda Jadi sebelum ada Pelabuhan Merak

Sebenarnya waktu zaman eranya Soekarno

itu bahwa W akan dibangun jembatan Selat

Sunda dan pulau ini untuk penopangnya

dan

transitnya tapi di orde

e baru itu kan di tidak tidak tidak

diteruskan ya

ditutup Akhirnya

e pulau ini untuk sementar

di dibiarin dulu

gitu konflik perusahaan dengan warga

Pulau sangang bermula tahun 1 tepatnya

saat pemerintah mengubah status pulau

dari cagar alam menjadi taman wisata

alam yang meliputi daratan dan perairan

alasannya mengada-ngada Pulau itu

katanya telah dirusak oleh perambah du

tahun kemudian dalih mengubah kawasan

itu diperkuat dengan keputusan menteri

kehutanan dibarengi hgb yang diberikan

kepada swasta Sejak saat itu eksodus

besar-besaran warga meninggalkan pulau

Sangiang terjadi upaya mengusir warga

dari pulau Sangiang mulai masif lakukan

padahal warga yang mendiami pulau itu

memiliki surat atas tanah yang mereka

tempati iya tu karung

karung kalau kita ceritaan terlalu

panjang ya Jadi ya masyarakat kan

dianggapnya dianggap perambah segala

macam ya dianggap perambah itu yang

gimana masyarakat itu daripada ee apa

namanya dengan kehutanan atau dengan t

orang-orang ini atau orang masyarakat

duluan dianggapnya masyarakat itu

peramba jadi di situ Di mana yang salah

masyarakat itu dianggapnya masyarakat

yang

salah padahal antara kehutanan dengan

masyarakat lebih dulu masyarakat duluan

kehutanan m tahun

7 baru naik

pulusangnya ya biarpun dianggap peramba

ya Pemilu juga di sini gimana bisa bisa

ada Pemilu kalau peramba g kan Nah jadi

bingunglah kalau orang-orang kayak apa

namanya buta tuli

gini ya Buta Hati tuli hati juga

gitu awal-awalnya sih si Pulau ini kan

kalau versi kita tanah adat ulayat Jadi

tanah adat ulayat itu kita ada versi

versi kita bahwa Pulau siangang ini

hibah dari Kesultanan Hasanudin ke

Kesultanan Raden Intan Lampung dan dari

radan Intan Lampung

dikembalikan atau suruh di dikasihkan ke

warga warganya yang ada di Banten jadi

warga Lampung yang ada di Banten yaitu

tepatnya di desa Cikoneng itu satu Desa

Cikoneng itu itu khusus ee satu desa

dari Lampung dari keturunan eh kerajaan

ee sultan sultan Raden Intan G jadi

satuatu desa itu gu tapi lain lagi

dengan eh

Ambisi pemerintah dan investor gu kan e

jadi tadinya kami klaim bahwa versi kami

e ini tanah adat ulayat e dirubahlah

sama mereka ya mungkin

ee dulu ya contohnya ya dulu sebelum

merdeka di sini sempat ada SR ya sekolah

rakyat tapi setelah Merdeka jangankan SR

SD maupun yang lain kan enggak enggak

dikembangkan Kesehatan tidak di ini gitu

kan tidak dinaikkan terus fasilitas

fasilitas yang lain tidak di tunjang

karena mungkin ee spekulasin mereka

kalau Pulau ini maju kemungkinan untuk

pembasannya lebih lebih sulit lagi gitu

karena tadi udah statusnya tanah adat

ulayat eh terus di sini nanti kalau

banyak penduduk atau banyak e fasilitas

yang lain mungkin lebih lebih susah

untuk

eh penguasaan

investornya Pulau sangang merupakan

tanah adat berdasarkan surat pernyataan

Bandar kepala Hadat Marga danaran Pulau

itu diberikan kepada anak Lampung yang

tinggal di desa

Cikoneng desa ituuk administras

Kecamatan any Kabupaten Serang berapa

catatan literasi menyebutkan Desa

Cikoneng Cikal bakalnya didiami oleh

suku

Lampung

Nah tahun 90 terjadilah pembebasan

besar-besaran program dari pemerintah

ditunjuklah

PT PT Kalimaya putih untuk pembebasan

lahan di situlah mulai pembebasan lahan

PT Kalimaya putih itu ee mereka Kalau

enggak salah di target 1 tahun harus

beres dan mereka itu targetnya

itu luasnya itu mencapai 250 hektar

karena mungkin waktu itu kondisi tahun

90 itu ee di sini itu agak susah gitu

kan jadi akhirnya

dipaksakan

dipaksakan kayak Contohnya seperti orang

tua saya yang ada di sini

eh Tertinggal enggak dapat pbebasan tapi

yang lain yang yang orang luar gitu k

yang bisa hubungan dengan

ee istilahnya Apa dulu itu

calok-caloknya lah itu itu lebih mudah

gitu kan lebih mudah untuk mendapatkan

ee pembebasan itu gu ya kalaupengetahuan

saya pembebasan tahun '90 itu kan karena

dipaksakan itu banyaklah yang di

manipulasi itu kan kayak semacam data

segala apa gitu ya Kata orang tua saya

mah katanya itu kebanyakan beli kurusing

di dalam karung katanya jadi beli kertas

di atas meja aja katanya gitu bahkan

sempat orang tua saya itu ee di suruh

tim 9 itu kan disuruh jadi ee apa

penunjuk Tata batas ya di situlah banyak

banyak keganjilan gitu banyak yang

dipaksakan akhirnya keluarlah Tata batas

itu ee 93 disahkan bahwa 250 hektar

miliki perusahaan dan sisanya milik

kehutanan padahal sepengetahuan kita

kehutanan itu yang paling tertua itu

suratnya itu 85 e bahkan

ee banyak perubahan-perubahannya gitu

tapi kita masyarakat dari

tahun dari tahun 30 udah udah di sini

gitu kan jadi e kemarin makanya kemarin

kita eh kenc-c konflik bahwa masyarakat

di sini

ilegal apa

perambah terus dibilang kita ini tidak

ada yang terakhir ini tidak ada

masyarakatru justru menurut saya

merekalah gitu yang merampas si kehutan

ini yang merampas hak kita gitu karena

dasarnya mereka dari mana gitu tiba-tiba

mereka mengeluarkan SK menteri tahun 85

dan dirubah-rubah lagi akhirnya tahun 93

ditetapkan dengan tata batas ini

munculnya E hgb dan e TW si perusahaan

eh twwa si

kehutanan intimidasi kerap diterima

warga sejak hak guna bangunan diberikan

kepada PT pondok kalimaya putih demi

mengusir warga Pulau sangang dikirimi

hama berupa tupai babi hutan hingga ular

berbisa warga yang tadinya bertani untuk

memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya Kini tak

lagi

dilakukan sekarang udah enggak bisa

nanam karena banyak hama babi kalau dulu

sebelumnya pak sebelumnya sih nanam

pisang singkong jagung

kacang-kacangan sekarang sudah enggak

bisa Oh kenapa Akak bisa karena Pulau

ini dijadikan taman wisata alam makanya

ditanamin babi pai dikasih ular kobra

nan kita susah mau

taninya enak aja n lari ke Bedul Mah

makan apa aja gak ada ada orang ak

dikasih Ada yang minta

dikasih nanam jagung segala

[Musik]

labu itu pada minta-minta dikasih Barang

udah ada beredul mangga

bisa Kalau sebelum ada perusahaan tu

terus terang aja dek sini itu makmur

padinya kau terubus Sin

tuh jagungnya Lumayan ubinya lumayan

kalau setahun itu besar paha setahun

umur

tahun itu setelahya ada bangunan begitu

jadi ditarun babi Tadinya enggak ada

babi ggak ada apa cuma ada monyet dulu

itu baru sekarang ada Bajing lah Ada

ular kobra itu ada babi begitu barnya

saya ini biar lari begitu dari kebun ini

ninggalkan dari kebun

begitu kat Sumeh habisama baninglah

babilah begitu Jadi sayaag begini pagar

bukan hanya teror hama yang tiba-tiba

datang ke pulau Sangiang pada 2017

kriminalisasi juga dialami oleh warga

mereka adalah Lukman Mas rijan dan

maldaka ketiganya dijerat karena diduga

menyerobot dan menggunakan lahan orang

Padahal ketiganya sama sekali tak pernah

menjual bahkan menyerahkan tanahnya

kepada perusahaan kita karena tahun 2014

sudah mulai banyak yang masuk wisata

eh e terus

2 16 terjadilah istilahnya kecemburuan

kar dari pihak E yang lain kita warga

yang tidak megang izin wisata Kok bisa

ramai bisa menerima tamu di situlah

puncak-puncaknya terjadinya keselisihan

itu dan kita digiring ke arah

eh pidana gitu kalau untuk somasi kita

semua warga diomasi semua oleh si pihak

pengembang

terus di ini dikaji lagi dikaji lagi

sama mereka akhirnya sama sama kuasa

hukum mereka akhirnya

eh cuma ada 12 orang yang yang

jadiinaksi setelah 12 orang yang dijadi

saksi akhirnya diputuskan EMP orang yang

e masuk

pidana e kriminalisasinya sebenarnya itu

dimulai Ternyata kalau tidak Sal itu

sudah dimulai semenjak tahun 2014 di

mana 2014 itu pihak

ee apa swasta ataupun kita sebut hari

ini Pondok kalimaya putih dia apa

memberikan surat apa bahasa somasi

kepada warga yang tinggal di pulau

Sangiang untuk melakukan pengosongan Nah

dari 2014 itu akhirnya berlanjut sampai

sekitar 2017 ee

2016-2017 yang akhirnya PT PKP itu

melaporkan warga bahwa ee mereka

melakukan tadi gitu apa pemanfaatan

lahan yang bukan miliknya Di mana

akhirnya dari proses eh pemanggilan

sekitar kurang lebih awal di pemanggilan

pertama itu sekitar 12 orang sampai

akhirnya menurun sampai ke tiga orang

yang akhirnya itu pun yang

dikriminalisasi itu menjadi sebuah

proses panjang ternyata intimidasi ini

terus berlanjut gitu tuh khususnya

terhadap warga Gimana caranya warga ini

hilang Tidak ada di ee

k sudah 30 tahun sangang menanti

keadilan meski saat ini jumlah

penduduknya terus berkurang Tapi mere

masih bertahan menjaga Pulau

sangang mereka berharap pemerintah

berpihak pada perjuangan warga dan tak

memperpanjang izin PT Pondok kalimaya

putih yang habis tahun

ini kalau sebenarnya kalau

ituang 3

tahun setelah saya ikutin kasus pulau

rempang kasus-kasus yang lain Saya

pelajari saya ikutin kayaknya saya putus

asa gitu jangankan Saya yang tinggal 18

kakak yang ribuan Kakak aja bisa digusur

oleh investor Sebenarnya saya udahudah

mulai Cut juga gitu kan tapi saya tidak

putus asa dengan perjuangan ini karena

apa sayaih punya Tuhan dan saya punya

agama yak senjata saya itu ya tinggal

doa aja optimis Saya pasti

eh menang dengan doa-doa saya dan warga

gitu Tapi kalau ngelihat ukuran

[Musik]

eh yang kejadian sekarang hari ini Emang

meragukan juga gitu kan di samping kita

lemah cuma 18

kakak yang lain aja yang ribuan Kakak di

utak-atik digusur gitu apalagi kita tapi

saya tadi kata m itu optimislah saya

pasti bisa itu ngadapin perjuangan ini

gitu jadi pengin saya masyarakat tetap

ada di pulau Sangiang supaya sampai

merdekalah di pulau

Sangiang cukup UN

merdeka karena saya belum

merdeka kami berupaya mengonfirmasi

mengenai pulau Sangiang ini kepada PT

Pondok kalimaya putih dengan mendatangi

Kantornya di Kompleks Green Garden

Jakarta Barat namun perwakilan dari

perusahaan tak bisa ditemui Direktur

Utama PT Pondok kalimaya putih Charles

Kurniawan juga sedang tak ada di tempat

[Musik]