A Era Elisabetana, o Teatro e Shakespere
Summary
TLDRThe script provides a detailed overview of the Elizabethan era, particularly focusing on the cultural and artistic developments during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603). It discusses the rise of English Renaissance theater, highlighting the influence of classical Greek and Roman works, and the characteristics of Elizabethan drama, such as the use of blank verse and the absence of elaborate sets. The script also touches on William Shakespeare’s life, his contributions to theater, and his role in elevating storytelling through language rather than focusing solely on plot.
Takeaways
- 📜 The English Renaissance is historically limited to the 16th and 17th centuries, often referred to as the Elizabethan Era (1558-1603).
- 👑 The foundations of the English Renaissance began during the reign of Henry VIII, who broke from the Roman Catholic Church and redistributed church lands to the nobility.
- 📈 Elizabeth I's reign (1558-1603) brought stability and fostered political and economic growth in England, setting the stage for intellectual development.
- 🎭 Elizabethan theater, especially Shakespeare's works, emerged from medieval religious plays, transitioning to secular themes during the Renaissance.
- ✍️ Shakespeare's plays often broke classical rules of time, place, and action, using blank verse to capture the audience's attention.
- 🏛️ Early theater performances were held in public spaces, inns, and taverns, with stages positioned in central courtyards and minimal scenery used to suggest settings.
- 🧑🤝🧑 All actors during the Elizabethan era were male, and many performed under the patronage of the nobility, allowing them to avoid being seen as vagabonds.
- 🎭 Shakespeare led and managed The Lord Chamberlain's Men, a prominent acting company, later known under royal patronage as The King's Men.
- 📝 Shakespeare's plays were written for live performance, and he prioritized the way stories were told over the publication of his works.
- 💬 Shakespeare's language, rich in metaphor and expression, was designed to charm and engage audiences, making his storytelling style more important than the plot itself.
Q & A
What period is referred to as the Elizabethan era?
-The Elizabethan era refers to the period of Queen Elizabeth I's reign from 1558 to 1603.
How did Henry VIII's actions influence the Elizabethan era?
-Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic Church, redistributing church lands to the new nobility and aligning political and religious interests, setting the foundation for the political stability that marked the Elizabethan era.
What were the key cultural developments during the Elizabethan era?
-The Elizabethan era saw significant growth in various forms of artistic expression, such as literature, music, and especially theater, earning it the title of the 'Golden Age.'
How did Elizabeth I contribute to England's political and economic growth?
-Elizabeth I stabilized religious tensions between Catholics and Protestants, expanded international markets for English goods, and established a stable environment for intellectual and cultural development.
What role did religion play in the development of English theater during the Elizabethan era?
-Theater in England originally focused on religious and moral themes during the medieval period, but secular topics gradually took over in the 15th century, leading to the development of comedies and tragedies influenced by classical Greco-Roman works.
What are some characteristics of Elizabethan theater, particularly in Shakespeare's plays?
-Elizabethan theater, including Shakespeare's plays, often disregarded classical unities of time, space, and action, used blank verse (unrhymed iambic pentameter), and focused on keeping the audience engaged through compelling storytelling.
Where were most plays performed during the Elizabethan era?
-Many plays were initially performed on the streets but gradually moved to more permanent venues, such as inns, the houses of nobles, public buildings, and especially inns and taverns.
What was the typical structure of Elizabethan theaters?
-Elizabethan theaters were similar to inns, with a central courtyard where the audience stood and galleries or balconies on three sides for wealthier spectators. The stage was positioned at one end of the courtyard.
Why did Elizabethan theaters lack elaborate scenery?
-Elizabethan theaters did not use elaborate scenery to allow for greater flexibility and faster transitions between scenes. Simple objects, like a throne or cross, would symbolize settings, while dialogue provided temporal and spatial cues.
What was Shakespeare's primary goal in writing plays?
-Shakespeare focused on engaging his audience through the language and how stories were told rather than the plots themselves. He emphasized the richness of words to captivate listeners, aiming to 'court the ear' rather than publish his works for reading.
Outlines
🎭 Elizabethan Era and Shakespeare's Theatre
The paragraph discusses the Elizabethan era, which is historically situated between the 16th and 17th centuries, and is often referred to as the Elizabethan age due to the reign of Queen Elizabeth I from 1558 to 1603. This period is known as the golden age of England due to the significant development in various artistic manifestations. The era began with the reign of Henry VIII, who broke with the Roman Catholic Church, redistributed church lands to the new nobility, and balanced political and religious issues. Elizabeth I's ascension to the throne in 1558 brought stability and economic growth, calming tensions between Catholics and Protestants and expanding international markets for English products. This stability allowed for intellectual development, which is evident in the flourishing of Elizabethan theatre. Shakespeare's plays were written to be performed, emphasizing the storytelling over the story itself, with a focus on how the narrative is conveyed rather than the narrative itself. The theatre of this time was characterized by disregard for the classical unities of time, space, and action, the use of blank verse, and the ability to hold the audience's attention without the need for elaborate sets. Performances were held outdoors, fostering a close relationship between the actors and the audience.
📜 The Art of Shakespeare's Language
This paragraph emphasizes the importance of language in Shakespeare's plays. It suggests that the way the story is told is more important than the story itself. Shakespeare's use of language was designed to captivate his audience, with an emphasis on the eloquence and richness of his words. The opening and closing of his plays are particularly noted for their linguistic artistry, where 'the treasure of words opens fully, and the gold pours forth profusely.' This indicates that the beauty of the language and the manner of storytelling were paramount in Shakespeare's work.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Renaissance
💡Elizabethan Era
💡Shakespeare
💡Theater
💡Henrique VIII
💡Nobility
💡Comedies and Tragedies
💡Three Unities
💡Blanco Verse
💡Theater Architecture
💡Patronage
Highlights
The English Renaissance is historically limited between the 16th and 17th centuries.
The period is commonly referred to as the Elizabethan era, named after Queen Elizabeth I's reign from 1558 to 1603.
During this time, there was a significant development in various artistic manifestations, earning it the title of the 'Golden Age'.
The foundations for these transformations began in the reign of Henry VIII, Elizabeth's father.
Henry VIII's break with the Roman Catholic Church altered the balance of power.
The lands previously belonging to the church were distributed to the new nobility, aligning monarchical interests.
When Elizabeth I ascended the throne in 1558, she calmed tensions between Catholics and Protestants.
Elizabeth I expanded international markets for English products, contributing to political and economic growth.
The stability created by Elizabeth I's government provided conditions for intellectual development.
The Elizabethan theater developed by Shakespeare is significant, highlighting the artistic form that already existed since the medieval period.
Medieval plays had a religious and moral character, but secular subjects gradually replaced them in the 15th century.
The Renaissance influenced by Greco-Latin classics saw the emergence of the first comedies and tragedies.
Elizabethan tragedies maintained characteristics such as disobedience to the three unities of time, space, and action.
The use of blank verse, without the need for rhyme, was a technique to hold the audience's attention.
During the Middle Ages, plays were performed in the streets and later moved to fixed locations.
Actors were traditionally male and employed in noble houses, occasionally performing plays.
The emergence of theater groups or companies led to the construction of more permanent performance spaces.
Elizabethan theaters were similar to inns, with a large open courtyard and a stage at the back.
The absence of large sets allowed for great flexibility in the action of the plays.
Elizabethan theaters did not have roofs, and performances were held outdoors, fostering a closer relationship between the actors and the audience.
William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon and married Anne Hathaway at 18, with whom he had three children.
By 1592, Shakespeare was a known playwright in London, leading and administering the theater company The Lord Chamberlain.
Shakespeare's plays were written to be performed, with a focus on captivating the audience with language rather than publishing the texts.
Shakespeare's interest was more in the way the story was told than the story itself.
Transcripts
E aí nen saber tá na o teatro e
Shakespeare
e a renasce as inglês é historicamente
limitada entre os séculos 16 e 17
contudo é bastante comum nos referimos a
esse período como era elizabetana que
foi O Reinado de Elizabeth primeira de
1558 a1603 foi nessa época que
conferimos um grande desenvolvimento das
mais variadas manifestações artísticas
fato que lhe Confere o título de a época
de ouro os alicerces para essas
transformações entre tanta iniciaram-se
no Reinado de Henrique oitavo pai de
Elizabeth primeira Henrique oitavo
segundo monarca da família tudo ao
romper com a Igreja Católica Romana
Altera a balança do Poder O Retorno
assim tão grande soberano tanto para as
questões políticas quanto para as
religiosas e as terras que antes
pertenciam à igreja são distribuídas a
nova nobreza associando a esse modo os
interesses monárquicos quando Elizabeth
II sobe ao trono em 1558 ela console
é iniciada pelo pai acalma os ânimos
entre os Católicos e Protestantes em
ampliar os mercados internacionais para
os produtos Ingleses Essas são as bases
que proporcionam grande crescimento
político e econômico da Inglaterra desse
modo a estabilidade criada pelo governo
de Elizabeth primeira prover condições
para o desenvolvimento intelectual que
se observará a partir desse período
e o teatro elisabetano para falarmos no
teatro desenvolvido por Shakespeare é
importante destacarmos que esta forma
artística já existia desde o período
medieval época em que as peças
apresentadas tinham cunho religioso e
moral
e no século 15 assuntos seculares passam
gradativamente a substituir as chamadas
moralidades e com a Renascença por
influência dos dos clássicos
greco-latinos aparecem as primeiras
comédias e tragédias as primeiras
tragédias tem características que se
manterão por toda a elisabetana e são
elas desobediência às três unidades eles
tô técnicas de tempo espaço e Ação uso
do verso branco que não há necessidade
de rima e capacidade de manter a atenção
do público a maior parte das peças
teatrais encenados veja Idade Média era
apresentada nas ruas sendo
gradativamente transferidas para alguns
lugares fixos como os atores nas Casas
dos Nobres dos partes dos edifícios
públicos e principalmente nas estalagens
e tabernas os atores todos os séculos
masculinos eram geralmente empregados
nas Casas dos Poderosos onde
ocasionalmente realizavam algum
apresentação esses garante uma forma de
Patrocínio que se não era financeiro ou
menos os livrava de serem considerados
vagabundos
os criminosos somos esse fato a
oportunidade que esses grupos tinham de
se apresentar em também outros lugares é
dessa forma que surgem os grupos
teatrais ou as companhias a estrutura
desses teatros eram bastante semelhantes
as hospedarias onde muitas das peças
eram ensinadas Isto é os quatro lados do
edifício da vão para um grande Pátio com
o palco posicionado ao fundo a maior
parte dos espectadores ficavam no pátio
enquanto que os mais afortunados
compravam lugares em um dos três lados
disponíveis posicionados como Galerias
ou varandas em pisos superiores
a ausência de grandes cenários é outra
característica dos teatros elizabetanos
é um recurso que permite uma grande
flexibilidade na ação pois não existe há
muito tempo para construir o espaço
cênico em geral utilizavam-se pequenos
elementos alusivos a um determinado
ambiente como um Trono Palco interior
uma cruz que sugerisse uma igreja
cemitério em algum tipo de arbusto para
indicar apenas a floresta quando
necessário cabe aos atores apresentaram
outras marcas temporais e espaciais em
seu diálogos como ontem daqui alguns
dias ou nos encontramos em determinado
lugar resta ressaltar que não havia
telhados nas construções lá teatrais
tendo as apresentações realizadas ao ar
livre esse fato como vemos contribui
para uma maior proximidade entre o
enredo encenado os atores e o público
o William Shakespeare nasceu em 1.564 em
stratford-upon-avon aos 18 anos casou-se
com Anne Hathaway com quem teve duas
filhas Suzanna e Judith e o menino ramo
né em 1592 Shakespeare já é um conhecido
dramaturgo Rezende então na cidade de
Londres onde passa a liderar e
administrada a companhia teatral The
Lord Chamberlain posteriormente nomeado
sob o Patronato real para de 15 - MA
e com relação à produção textual de
Shakespeare é importante destacar que
suas peças foram escritos para serem
representadas Isso significa que ele não
se preocupava em publicar esses textos
é Shakespeare queria martelar ou
cortejar ou encantar os ouvidos de sua
plateia com a linguagem e em qualquer e
suas peças as primeiras duas últimas o
tesouro das palavras se abre por inteiro
e o ouro se derrama progna mente para
Shakespeare mais importante do que
qualquer enredo era o modo de como esse
era contado seu interesse se concentrava
mais um contar a história do que a
própria história
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