Pre-colonial Philippine Names used by Indigenous Group
Summary
TLDRBefore Spanish colonization, the Philippine archipelago was known by various names reflecting its rich maritime history and cultural diversity. Ancient Filipinos were skilled traders with Indian scholars referring to the region as 'Panyupa Yana,' meaning 'land surrounded by water.' The region was also known as 'Sealand' by Arab travelers and 'Tawalisi' for its prosperous kingdom. Pre-colonial Philippines was home to powerful kingdoms like 'Mayu' and 'Tondo,' with 'Pangaasinan' being a significant trade hub. The indigenous Lumid people called the Philippines 'Kudeiwan,' symbolizing abundance, a term revived in the 1980s to celebrate their culture.
Takeaways
- 🗺️ Before the Spanish arrival, the Philippines was not unified under one name; it was home to various indigenous groups with their own languages and cultures.
- 🏝️ The term 'Panyupa Yana' from Sanskrit, meaning 'land surrounded by water', was used by Indian scholars to describe the Philippines due to its many islands.
- 👳♂️ Indian traders engaged in trade with ancient Filipinos, who were known for their exceptional maritime trading skills.
- 🌊 The term 'Silangan' was used by the Malay people to refer to the eastern part of the Philippines, indicating its location in Southeast Asia.
- 🛶 The Sama Bajau people, known for their seafaring lifestyle, used the term 'Tawali' to describe the Philippine islands, meaning 'wandering people of the sea'.
- 🏰 'Mayu' or 'Mai' was a wealthy kingdom in the South China Sea, known for trade in gold, pearls, and other goods.
- 👑 The Tagalog people referred to their land as 'Kaharian nang Tando', a powerful kingdom that was a major trading hub and later became Manila.
- 🛍️ The Kingdom of Pangasinan was a significant trading center where goods from China, Japan, and Southeast Asia were exchanged.
- 📜 The Pangasinan people had a script called 'Babayin', indicating a rich culture and value for learning.
- 🏔️ For the Mangyan people, Mount Banaha was a sacred place, believed to be the dwelling of gods and a source of life and abundance.
- 🌾 The Lumad people referred to the Philippines as 'Kudeiwan', meaning 'abundance', reflecting their belief in the land's prosperity.
- 🎉 The word 'Karawan' was revived in the 1980s by the Lumad people to celebrate their culture and heritage through the Catawan festival.
Q & A
What was the situation of the Philippines before the arrival of the Spanish?
-Before the arrival of the Spanish, there was no unified name for the entire archipelago. The islands were inhabited by various indigenous groups each with their own languages, cultures, and names for their respective territories.
What does the term 'Panyupa Yana' mean and who used it?
-The term 'Panyupa Yana' is an ancient Sanskrit term meaning 'land surrounded by water'. It was used by Indian scholars due to the Philippines' abundance of islands surrounded by water.
Who was Aryabata and how did he describe the Philippines?
-Aryabata was an astronomer and mathematician who lived in the second century AD. He mentioned 'Panyupa Yana' in his astronomical treatise and described it as a land of golden spices located in the eastern seas.
What is the meaning behind the term 'Silangan' and which ethnic group used it?
-The term 'Silangan' originates from the Malay word, which translates to 'East'. It was used by the major ethnic groups in Southeast Asia, specifically the Malay people, because the Philippines is located in the eastern part of Southeast Asia.
What does the term 'Tawalisi' refer to and who used it?
-The term 'Tawalisi' comes from the Sama Bajau language and refers to a prosperous and influential kingdom. It was mentioned by Ibn Batuta, a Moroccan traveler who visited the Philippines in the 14th century.
What was the significance of the kingdom of Mayu or Mai in the pre-colonial Philippines?
-The kingdom of Mayu or Mai was a wealthy and important trade kingdom known for its trade in gold, pearls, and other goods. It was a significant player in the South China Sea trade.
What was the Tagalog people's term for their land and what does it mean?
-The Tagalog people called their land 'Kaharian nang Tando' or 'Kingdom of Tondo'. This major kingdom existed from the 10th to the 16th centuries and was located in the area that is now Manila.
How did the Kingdom of Tondo maintain its independence before the Spanish conquest?
-The Kingdom of Tondo was ruled by powerful kings like Lakandula, who was known for his military prowess and diplomatic skills. He was able to maintain Tondo's independence and even managed to forge an alliance with the Spanish conquistador Miguel Lopez de Legazpi.
What was the Kingdom of Pangasinan known for and how did it contribute to the region's prosperity?
-The Kingdom of Pangasinan was known for being a bustling hub of commerce where goods from China, Japan, and Southeast Asia were traded. It brought wealth to the kingdom and had a rich culture that valued learning.
What is the significance of Mount Banaha to the Mangyan people?
-For the Mangyan people, Mount Banaha was not just an ordinary mountain; it was considered the dwelling place of the gods and held great importance in their culture. They believed that the mountain provided them with life and abundance.
How did the Lumad people perceive the Philippines before the Spanish arrival and what term did they use?
-The Lumad people perceived the Philippines as a land of abundance and prosperity. They called it 'Kudeiwan' in their language, which means abundance or prosperity.
Outlines
🌍 Pre-Colonial Names and Trade in the Philippines
Before the Spanish colonization, the Philippine archipelago lacked a unified name, with various indigenous groups having their own languages and cultures. The ancient Filipinos were skilled traders with a rich maritime history, engaging in cultural exchanges and trade with distant civilizations. Indian traders referred to the Philippines as 'panyupa Yana,' meaning 'land surrounded by water,' due to its many islands. The term was used by Indian scholars, including Aryapada, an astronomer from the 2nd century AD. Southeast Asian ethnic groups, like the Malays, called the islands 'seal' and 'Ganon,' with 'Silangan' indicating the eastern part of Southeast Asia. Arab traveler Ibn Bachuda mentioned the Philippines in the 14th century, referring to it as 'silangan.' The Sama Baja people used 'Tawali' to describe the islands, reflecting their seafaring lifestyle. The prosperous and influential Kingdom of Tawalis was noted by Moroccan traveler Ibn Batuda. The pre-colonial Philippines was home to many kingdoms, including 'Mayu' or 'Mai,' known for its trade in gold, pearls, and other goods. The Tagalog people referred to their land as 'Kaharian nang Tando,' a powerful kingdom that existed from the 10th to the 16th centuries, located in what is now Manila.
🏰 Kingdoms and Cultures of Pre-Colonial Philippines
The Kingdom of Tondo was a significant trading hub with ties to China and other Asian countries, ruled by powerful kings like Lakan Dula, who maintained Tondo's independence and even formed an alliance with Spanish conquistador Miguel Lopez de Legazpi. However, Tondo was eventually defeated and incorporated into the Spanish Empire in 1571, with its capital renamed Manila. Another powerful kingdom was Pangasinan, founded by the Pangasin people known for their trading and navigation skills. Pangasinan was a key trading post for goods from China, Japan, and Southeast Asia. The kingdom had a rich culture, with a script called 'Babaylan' used for reading and writing. However, Spanish conquest in the 16th century brought the encomienda system, forcing native labor and tribute. The indigenous Mangyan people revered Mount Banahall on Mindoro as a dwelling place of the gods, integral to their spiritual practices. The Lumid people referred to the Philippines as 'Kudeiwan,' signifying abundance, reflecting their strong connection to the land and beliefs in its prosperity. Despite Spanish influence and the adoption of their language and culture, the Lumid people reclaimed their heritage in the 1980s, reviving the word 'Karawan' for their festival celebrating their culture and history.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Archipelago
💡Indigenous Groups
💡Maritime Trade
💡Sanskrit Term
💡Silangan
💡Tawalisi
💡Mayu
💡Kaharian Nang Tondo
💡Pangasinan
💡Mangyan
💡Lumad
Highlights
Before Spanish arrival, the Philippines had no unified name and was inhabited by various indigenous groups.
Ancient Filipinos were known for their exceptional trading skills.
Indian traders called the Philippines 'Panyupa Yana', meaning land surrounded by water.
Aryapada, a second-century AD astronomer, mentioned 'Panyupa Yana' in his astronomical treatise.
The major ethnic groups in Southeast Asia referred to the islands as 'Seal' and 'Ganon'.
The term 'Silangan' originated from the Malay word for 'East'.
Arab traveler Ibn Bachuda mentioned the Philippines in his 14th-century writings.
Tawalisi was a prosperous and influential kingdom, known for skilled sailors and a strong military.
The kingdom of Mayu was known for its trade in gold, pearls, and other goods.
The Tagalog people called their land 'Kaharian nang Tando', a major trading hub.
The Kingdom of Pangasinan was a bustling hub of commerce and rich in culture.
The Mengian people considered Mount Ben Hall the dwelling place of the Gods.
The Lumid peoples called the Philippines 'Kudeiwan', meaning abundance or prosperity.
The Spanish arrival in the 16th century brought their language and culture, influencing the indigenous peoples.
The Lumid peoples began to reclaim their culture in the 1980s, reviving the word 'Karawan'.
The word 'Karawan' is now used for the Catawan Festival, celebrating the Lumid peoples' rich culture.
Transcripts
[Music]
before the arrival of the Spanish in the
Philippines there was no unified name
for the entire archipelago
the islands were inhabited by various
indigenous groups each with their own
languages cultures and names for their
respective territories
here are a few examples of names used by
indigenous groups or what others called
to refer to parts of what is now the
Philippines
[Music]
ancient Filipinos were known for their
exceptional trading skills
the Philippines has a rich history of
Maritime trade and cultural exchanges
with nearby regions and distant
civilizations
Indian Traders were among those who
engage in trade with the Filipinos
Indian Scholars call the Philippines
panyupa Yana which is an ancient
Sanskrit term meaning land surrounded by
water
this name was used by Indian Scholars
because of the Philippines abundance of
islands which are surrounded by water
one of the earliest Indian Scholars to
mention panyupa Yana was aryapada an
astronomer and mathematician who lived
in the second century ad
area but I mentioned panyupa Yana and
his astronomical Treatise the area
bahasia
he described pan yuffa Yana as a land of
golden spices and he said that it was
located in the eastern Seas
[Music]
thank you
the major ethnic groups in Southeast
Asia specifically the melee people
referred to the islands of the
Philippines as seal and Ganon before the
arrival of the Spaniards the term silong
de Nan originates from the melee word
Silangan which translates to East and
English
it was used because the Philippines is
located in the eastern part of Southeast
Asia when viewed from the melee
Peninsula and nearby areas it is also
worth noting that the Arab traveler IBN
bachuda who visited the Philippines in
the 14th century mentioned the
Philippines in his writings
in his accounts the Indian batida
referred to the Philippines as sealant
silanganan could be used to describe the
entirety of the Philippines but it could
also be used to specifically refer to
certain parts such as the Eastern
visayas region
tawali C is a term used to describe the
islands of the Philippines
it comes from the Sama bajo language
spoken by the indigenous samabajo people
of the Philippines
the word translates to wandering people
of the sea reflecting the seafaring
lifestyle and strong connection to the
ocean of the samabajo community
also mentioned in the Journal of IBN
batuda a Moroccan traveler who visited
the Philippines in the 14th century
according to his accounts tawalisi
referred to a prosperous and influential
Kingdom
he described the people of Tau wulicia's
skilled sailors traitors and possessing
a strong military
however even batida did not provide any
specific information about the location
of tawalisi
some scholars believe that Tao alisi was
located in the Philippines specifically
referring to the islands inhabited by
the Sama bajo people
us
pre-colonial Philippines had many
kingdoms and my your mind is one of them
that was known to other countries
Mayu or Mai was a kingdom believed to be
located in present-day mindaro or nearby
regions
it was a wealthy Kingdom that was known
for its trade in Gold pearls and other
Goods
it was an important trade Kingdom in the
South China Sea
the first mention of Mahi wasinsang
Dynasty historical records
it was also mentioned in the Sumo
Oriental a travelogue written by the
Portuguese explorer Tomi Pires in the
early 16th century
hires describe Mahi as a large Kingdom
located on an island in the South China
Sea
the exact location of Maya is still
debated by historians
some believe that it was located on the
island of minduro While others believed
that it was located on the island of
Palawan
there is also evidence to suggest that
Mahi may have been located on a
different Island altogether
regardless of its exact location Mayu
was an important trade Kingdom in the
South China Sea
the Tagalog people of the Philippines
called their land kaharian nangtando or
a kingdom of tondo
this major Kingdom existed from the 10th
to the 16th centuries and it was located
in the area that is now Manila
tando was one of the most powerful
Kingdoms in the archipelago and it was a
major trading Hub with closed ties to
China and other Asian countries
the kingdom was ruled by a line of
powerful Kings including lakandula who
was known for his military prowess and
his diplomatic skills
locandula was able to maintain tondo's
independence from its neighbors and he
even managed to forge an alliance with
the Spanish conquistador Miguel Lopez de
legaspi
however tando's Independence was not to
last
in 1571 legaspi's forces attacked tondo
and defeated the Tagalog Army
the kingdom was then incorporated into
the Spanish Empire and its capital
salirang was renamed Manila
there is one more powerful Kingdom in
pre-colonial Philippines known as the
kingdom of pangasinin the pangasin
people who were part of a group called
The Australians founded this Kingdom
they were skilled Traders and Navigators
and their kingdom was in a great
location for trade
pangasinen was a place where goods from
China Japan and Southeast Asia would
stop to be traded
people brought things like rice salt
close and metal work to exchange
it was a bustling Hub of Commerce and
brought wealth to the kingdom
the kingdom also had a rich culture and
valued learning
the people of pangasin and knew how to
read and write using a script called
babayan
sadly the Kingdom's Independence did not
last forever in the 16th century the
Spanish came and conquered pangasinin
they introduced a system called
encomienda which forced the native
people into labor and demanded tribute
from them
this exploitation was a dark chapter in
the history of pangasin
nevertheless the legacy of the kingdom
of pangasinin lives on
one of the indigenous groups of people
who settled earlier in the Philippines
was the mengian people who mostly live
on the island of mindoro
they called a place with a mountain in
the Philippines bonnahall
the name benahall comes from the Mangan
word bana which means cloud
the mountain is often shrouded in clouds
hence the name
for the mangyan people benohal was not
just an ordinary Mountain
it was considered the dwelling place of
the Gods and held great importance in
their culture
they believed that the mountain provided
them with life and abundance
they often visited banaha to pray and
seek blessings
this connection to the mountain was a
significant part of their spiritual
practices and beliefs
in the Philippines today there is a
mountain located in the island of Luzon
called Mount Ben Hall it is mostly
visited by pilgrims religious groups and
individuals for prayer cleansing and
other spiritual activities
[Music]
the lumid peoples called the Philippines
kudeiwan before the Spanish came because
the word means abundance or prosperity
in the Mandela language
the lumid peoples have a strong
connection to the land and believe that
it is not just a place to live but also
an essential part of who they are their
spirituality and their way of life
they believe that the Philippines is a
land of abundance and prosperity and
they called it catawan to reflect this
belief
the Spanish came to the Philippines in
the 16th century and they brought with
them their own language and culture
the lumid peoples were forced to adopt
the Spanish language and culture and the
Word catawan was eventually forgotten
however in the 1980s illumid peoples
began to reclaim their culture and
Heritage and the Word karawan was
revived
today the word catawan is used to refer
to the catawan festival which is a
celebration of the Lumen peoples Rich
culture and Heritage
thank you for watching
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