Báo động nguy cơ suy thoái đa dạng sinh học

Truyền Hình Nhân Dân

21 May 202002:52

Summary

TLDRVietnam, ranked 16th globally for biodiversity, faces severe challenges as wildlife populations are rapidly declining due to poaching, illegal trade, and environmental degradation. Many endangered species, such as primates and elephants, are critically endangered, with some populations down to just a few individuals. Climate change, plastic pollution, and habitat loss further threaten biodiversity. Rising temperatures and sea levels could devastate the Mekong Delta and crucial natural habitats by 2040. These threats highlight the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect Vietnam's rich biodiversity and combat illegal wildlife trade.

Takeaways

🌍 Vietnam is ranked 16th among the countries with the highest biodiversity globally, boasting a rich ecosystem of plants and animals.
🐅 Despite its biodiversity, Vietnam faces numerous challenges in protecting its wildlife, which is at high risk of decline and extinction.
🐘 Many rare animals in Vietnam are being hunted or illegally traded, causing significant threats to their populations, including less than 5 wild tigers and only 100 wild elephants remaining.
🦧 Around 16 out of 25 primate species in Vietnam are critically endangered, facing serious threats from illegal poaching and habitat loss.
🦏 Vietnam remains one of the largest markets for illegal wildlife products, including rhino horns, which are in high demand despite global conservation efforts.
🐢 The illegal wildlife trade results in the rescue of severely injured animals, many of which cannot survive rehabilitation efforts due to the severity of their conditions.
🌊 Vietnam's marine biodiversity is also under threat, with millions of sea animals dying yearly from ingesting plastic waste found in ocean waters.
🐦 Thousands of seabirds, including albatrosses, are dying from plastic ingestion, with their stomachs filled with non-degradable waste.
🔥 Climate change poses an additional threat to Vietnam’s biodiversity, leading to rising temperatures, sea-level rise, desertification, and increasingly severe weather patterns.
🚨 By 2040, climate change could cause Vietnam to lose 40% of the Mekong Delta's land area, severely impacting vital habitats and protected biodiversity zones.

Q & A

What is the significance of May 22nd mentioned in the transcript?
-May 22nd is recognized as the International Day for Biological Diversity, highlighting global efforts to conserve biodiversity.
Where does Vietnam rank in terms of biodiversity?
-Vietnam is ranked 16th in the world for biodiversity, showcasing a rich ecosystem of plant and animal species.
What challenges does Vietnam face in preserving its biodiversity?
-Vietnam's biodiversity is under threat from issues such as habitat destruction, wildlife trafficking, and environmental pollution, leading to the decline of many species.
What are some examples of wildlife trafficking mentioned in the transcript?
-The transcript describes animals that have been severely injured due to illegal wildlife trafficking, requiring significant time and care for rehabilitation, with some not surviving despite rescue efforts.
What is the status of pangolins in Vietnam according to the transcript?
-Pangolins are one of the most trafficked and hunted animals globally, and in Vietnam, they face the risk of extinction, with fewer than five individuals remaining in the wild.
What environmental issues are contributing to the decline of biodiversity in Vietnam?
-In addition to wildlife trafficking, environmental issues such as plastic pollution, coral reef degradation, and the ingestion of plastic waste by marine animals are major threats to Vietnam's biodiversity.
How does climate change affect Vietnam's biodiversity?
-Climate change is causing rising temperatures, sea-level rise, and desertification in Vietnam. These changes threaten critical ecosystems, including the Mekong Delta, and could lead to the permanent loss of biodiversity hotspots.
What example is given regarding the impact of plastic pollution on marine life?
-The transcript provides an example of seabirds, where autopsies revealed their stomachs were filled with plastic waste, leading to death due to their inability to digest the material.
How many primate species in Vietnam are in critical danger?
-Out of 25 primate species in Vietnam, 16 are considered critically endangered, with fewer than 100 individuals remaining in some species.
What is the projected impact of climate change on the Mekong Delta by 2040?
-According to the transcript, by 2040, climate change may cause up to 40% of the Mekong Delta's land area to disappear permanently, severely affecting biodiversity and local ecosystems.

Outlines

00:00

🌍 Vietnam's Rich Biodiversity and the Challenge of Conservation

Vietnam ranks as the 116th country in the world with high biodiversity, home to an incredibly diverse array of flora and fauna. However, maintaining this richness poses significant challenges. The nation's biodiversity is under threat due to ongoing degradation, including illegal wildlife trade, which has left many animals severely injured and in need of rescue and rehabilitation. Despite efforts to save them, some animals arrive in such poor condition that survival is not always possible. The story reflects the harsh realities of illegal wildlife trading in Vietnam and the critical need for stronger conservation measures.

🐾 The Impact of Wildlife Trade and Biodiversity Loss in Vietnam

Vietnam, despite its high ranking in biodiversity, faces a severe decline in populations of rare and endangered animals. Wildlife trade has devastated many species, including the pangolin, which is the most trafficked animal in the world. Some species, such as the Indochinese tiger, are on the verge of extinction, with less than five individuals believed to be left in the wild. Furthermore, 16 out of 25 primate species in Vietnam are critically endangered, and elephants in the wild number less than 100. Despite being a hub for biodiversity, Vietnam has also become a significant consumer of illegal wildlife products, including rhino horns.

🌊 Ocean Pollution and its Deadly Effect on Marine Life

Marine life is also under threat in Vietnam due to increasing ocean pollution. Each year, approximately 1.5 million marine animals die from ingesting plastic waste. A poignant example includes seabirds, many of which have been found dead with their stomachs full of plastic. The pollution crisis has escalated to the point where large numbers of marine animals are unable to survive after consuming plastic and other waste, contributing to a dramatic decline in ocean biodiversity.

🌡️ Climate Change and its Threat to Vietnam’s Ecosystems

Vietnam's biodiversity faces yet another existential threat from climate change. Rising global temperatures and sea levels, along with extreme weather events, are impacting various ecosystems. By 2040, it is projected that a significant portion of the Mekong Delta could be permanently submerged. Additionally, crucial natural habitats and 46 of the country’s key conservation areas will face severe consequences. This presents a major challenge for Vietnam’s efforts to preserve its rich biodiversity in the face of environmental change.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Biodiversity

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem. In the context of the video, Vietnam is highlighted as one of the countries with high biodiversity, ranking 16th globally. The script emphasizes the challenges of preserving this rich biodiversity as it faces threats like habitat loss and illegal wildlife trade.

💡Wildlife trafficking

Wildlife trafficking involves the illegal capture, sale, and trade of wild animals. The video script mentions how animals are often rescued after being severely injured in these illegal trades, making their recovery difficult. This practice contributes to the endangerment of species and undermines biodiversity in Vietnam.

💡Endangered species

Endangered species are those at risk of extinction due to factors like habitat destruction, illegal hunting, and climate change. The script mentions that certain species in Vietnam, like primates and elephants, are critically endangered. The video underscores the urgency of protecting these species to preserve biodiversity.

💡Climate change

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperature and weather patterns, mainly due to human activities such as burning fossil fuels. In the video, climate change is discussed as a major factor causing biodiversity loss, leading to phenomena such as rising sea levels, habitat destruction, and more extreme weather events.

💡Habitat loss

Habitat loss occurs when natural environments are altered or destroyed, making them unsuitable for the species that live there. The script references how areas like the Mekong Delta are at risk of disappearing by 2040 due to climate change, further threatening biodiversity in Vietnam.

💡Plastic pollution

Plastic pollution refers to the accumulation of plastic products in the environment, which harms wildlife and ecosystems. The video mentions the rising issue of plastic waste in Vietnam's oceans, leading to the deaths of marine species like seabirds, which ingest plastic and die from poisoning or starvation.

💡Deforestation

Deforestation is the large-scale removal of forests, which results in loss of habitat for many species. Although not explicitly mentioned in the script, deforestation is implied as a contributor to biodiversity loss and habitat destruction in Vietnam. It disrupts ecosystems and increases vulnerability to climate change.

💡Conservation efforts

Conservation efforts refer to actions taken to protect and preserve biodiversity. In the video, efforts to rescue and rehabilitate wildlife, such as those mentioned in the case of animals rescued in Đắk Lắk, are highlighted. These initiatives are essential to combating the effects of wildlife trafficking and habitat loss.

💡Illegal hunting

Illegal hunting is the unauthorized capturing or killing of wildlife, often for trade or personal gain. The script discusses the illegal hunting of animals like pangolins and primates, which are targeted for their body parts. This contributes to the critical decline of endangered species in Vietnam.

💡Mekong Delta

The Mekong Delta is a region in southern Vietnam known for its rich biodiversity and as a major agricultural hub. The video script highlights the threat this area faces due to climate change, predicting that a significant portion could be lost by 2040. The loss of the Mekong Delta would severely impact biodiversity in the region.

Highlights

Vietnam is ranked as the 16th most biodiverse country in the world, with an abundance of flora and fauna.

Despite its biodiversity, Vietnam is facing serious challenges due to the degradation and decline of wildlife populations.

Wild animals rescued from the illegal wildlife trade often arrive injured, requiring extensive time and care for rehabilitation.

Some rescued animals are in such critical condition that they cannot survive, highlighting the severe impact of wildlife trafficking.

Vietnam is one of the top consumers of rhino horn, which continues to fuel the illegal wildlife trade.

Of the 25 primate species in Vietnam, 16 are critically endangered, with some populations having less than 100 individuals left.

Less than five tigers remain in the wild in Vietnam, making them functionally extinct in the country.

Only a small number of wild elephants remain, with their populations shrinking due to poaching and habitat loss.

Marine biodiversity is under threat from plastic pollution, with an estimated 1.5 million marine animals dying each year from plastic ingestion.

Coral reefs, a key marine habitat, are also suffering from pollution, climate change, and overfishing.

Climate change is expected to severely impact Vietnam's biodiversity by causing rising sea levels and extreme weather events.

By 2040, the Mekong Delta could lose a significant portion of its landmass due to rising sea levels, threatening vital ecosystems.

Plastic pollution is killing a large number of seabirds and marine animals, with many found dead with plastic waste in their stomachs.

Vietnam's natural habitats, including protected areas of global significance, are at risk of severe damage from climate change.

Human activity, such as poaching, pollution, and climate change, continues to exacerbate the decline in Vietnam's biodiversity, leading to potentially irreversible losses.