Animation of the demographic transition model and population growth & decline
Summary
TLDRThis script discusses the use of birth and mortality rates as indicators of a country's development. It explains how these rates are calculated per thousand inhabitants and how they change over the five phases of the demographic transition model. The model illustrates the shift from high birth and mortality rates in poor countries to low rates and potential population decline in highly developed nations, highlighting the impact of healthcare, education, and contraceptive availability on population growth.
Takeaways
- 📊 Economic development can be gauged using indicators such as average income, birth rate, and mortality rate.
- 🌱 Birth rate is calculated per thousand inhabitants to allow for fair comparisons between countries with different populations.
- 💀 Mortality rate is calculated similarly to birth rate, dividing the number of deaths by the total population and multiplying by one thousand.
- 🌼 Natural population growth is the difference between birth and mortality rates, reflecting a country's demographic health.
- 🌐 The demographic transition model illustrates changes in birth and mortality rates over time, with five distinct phases.
- 🏥 In Phase 1 of the model, both birth and mortality rates are high due to poor healthcare and lack of family planning.
- 🚑 Phase 2 sees an improvement in healthcare leading to a decrease in mortality rate, but birth rates remain high, leading to significant population growth.
- 💊 Phase 3 is characterized by declining birth and mortality rates as contraceptives become more available and child mortality decreases.
- 🌍 In Phase 4, both birth and mortality rates are low, resulting in slow or no population growth, typical of many developed countries.
- 📉 Phase 5 is marked by an increase in mortality rate above birth rate, leading to a natural population decline, seen in the most developed countries.
- 📈 The demographic transition model helps predict future demographic changes and assess a country's development stage.
Q & A
What are the common indicators used to compare the development of countries?
-Common indicators used to compare the development of countries include average income, economic development, mortality rate, and birth rate.
Why are birth rate and mortality rate useful indicators for measuring a country's development?
-Birth rate and mortality rate are useful indicators because they reflect the health and living conditions of a population, which are directly related to the level of development a country has achieved.
How is the birth rate calculated?
-The birth rate is calculated by dividing the number of live births in a year by the total number of inhabitants, and then multiplying by 1,000 to get the rate per thousand inhabitants.
What was the birth rate of the Netherlands in 2016 according to the transcript?
-The birth rate of the Netherlands in 2016 was 10.0 per 1,000 inhabitants.
How is the mortality rate calculated?
-The mortality rate is calculated by dividing the number of deaths in a year by the total number of inhabitants, and then multiplying by 1,000.
What was the mortality rate of the Netherlands in 2016?
-The mortality rate of the Netherlands in 2016 was 8.8 per 1,000 inhabitants.
What is natural population growth and how is it calculated?
-Natural population growth is the difference between the birth rate and the mortality rate. It is calculated by subtracting the mortality rate from the birth rate.
What was the natural population growth in the Netherlands in 2016?
-The natural population growth in the Netherlands in 2016 was 1.2 per 1,000 inhabitants.
What are the five phases of the demographic transition model?
-The five phases of the demographic transition model are: 1) High birth and mortality rates, 2) Declining mortality rate with high birth rate, 3) Declining birth rate with low mortality rate, 4) Low birth and mortality rates, and 5) Mortality rate higher than birth rate leading to population decline.
Which phase of the demographic transition model represents a country that is very poor and hardly developed?
-A country that is very poor and hardly developed is represented in Phase One of the demographic transition model, where both birth and mortality rates are very high.
What happens to the population growth in Phase Three of the demographic transition model?
-In Phase Three of the demographic transition model, the population continues to increase, but the rate of increase is declining due to declining birth rates and the availability of contraceptives.
Which countries are examples of those in Phase Four of the demographic transition model?
-Countries in Phase Four of the demographic transition model, where both birth and mortality rates are low, include many developed countries such as the Netherlands.
What does Phase Five of the demographic transition model indicate about a country's population?
-Phase Five indicates that a country's mortality rate is higher than its birth rate, leading to a natural population decline and a decrease in total population size.
Outlines
🌍 Economic and Demographic Indicators
This paragraph discusses the use of economic indicators such as average income and demographic indicators like birth and mortality rates to compare the development levels of countries. It explains how birth rates and mortality rates are calculated per thousand inhabitants to allow for fair comparisons between countries. The Netherlands is used as an example to illustrate the calculation of birth and mortality rates, showing a birth rate of 10.0 and a mortality rate of 8.8 in 2016. The concept of natural population growth, which is the difference between birth and mortality rates, is introduced, with the Netherlands' natural growth being 1.2. The demographic transition model is mentioned as a way to show the development of these rates over time, with five phases representing different stages of a country's development.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Economic Development
💡Mortality Rate
💡Birth Rate
💡Natural Population Growth
💡Demographic Transition Model
💡Phase One
💡Phase Two
💡Phase Three
💡Phase Four
💡Phase Five
💡Contraceptives
Highlights
Average income and mortality rates are key indicators of economic development.
Birth rate is calculated per thousand inhabitants to allow for country comparisons.
The Netherlands had a birth rate of 10 per thousand inhabitants in 2016.
Mortality rate is calculated similarly by dividing the number of deaths by the total population.
The Netherlands had a mortality rate of 8.8 per thousand inhabitants in 2016.
Natural population growth is the difference between birth and mortality rates.
The demographic transition model illustrates the development of birth and mortality rates over time.
Phase one of the model represents countries with high birth and mortality rates due to poor healthcare.
Phase two shows a decrease in mortality rate as healthcare improves, but birth rates remain high.
Phase three indicates a decline in both birth and mortality rates as contraceptives become more available.
Phase four is characterized by low birth and mortality rates, leading to slow population growth.
Phase five sees an increase in mortality rate above birth rate, resulting in population decline.
The demographic transition model helps predict future demographic developments in countries.
Countries like Angola and Chad are in phase two, experiencing high natural population growth.
Indonesia, South Africa, and Mexico are in phase three with declining population growth.
Developed countries like the Netherlands are in phase four with low natural population growth.
Germany exemplifies phase five, where the population is aging and declining.
The model is useful for comparing the development levels of different countries.
Transcripts
to compare the development of countries
often used indicators such as average
income concern economic development
indicators on the level of mortality in
birth also tell us something about the
development of a country and are
therefore useful indicators too
frequently used indicators are the birth
rate and the mortality rate the birth
rate starts with the number of live
births in a year because there are more
people living in one country than in
another more children are probably born
in a country that is why we calculate
birth rate per thousand inhabitants in
this way countries can be compared we do
this in the following way the
Netherlands had 17 million inhabitants
in 2016 and 170,000 babies were born in
each year we divide the number of babies
by the number of inhabitants and not
applied by thousands to calculate birth
rate we therefore divide 170 thousands
by 17 million people and we multiply by
thousands so the birth rate of the
Netherlands in 2016 or stem point zero
the mortality rate is calculated almost
in the same way but here we shared a
number of deaths by the inhabitants in
2016 one hundred and fifty thousand
people died in the Netherlands we divide
150 thousand by seventeen million and
multiplied by thousands and then it
appears that a mortality rate of the
Netherlands in 2016 was 8.8 the natural
population growth is a difference
between a birth and mortality rate 10
point zero minus eight point eight is
one point two the natural population
growth in the Netherlands in 2016 was
therefore one point two the birth rate
and a mortality rate shows a lot of
development in a country because they
develop over time we can show this
development in a demographic transition
model demos means people and graphically
a description the demographic transition
model first shows us a change in the
characteristics of the birth and
mortality rate we can show the
demographic transition model as a graph
in which the lines represent birth rate
mortality rate and the pop
the total population size the model
consists of five phases if a country is
very poor and hardly developed both
birth and the mortality rate will be
very high this is phase one the
mortality rate can reach 40 and a birth
rate even something higher this means
that an average of 40 people die each
year per thousand inhabitants that is
because the healthcare is still poorly
developed people get a lot of children
so the children can take care of the
parents when they're old and there are
still few contraceptives available
nowadays there are actually no countries
and more that meet this description when
a country starts to develop the quality
of the healthcare increases people are
being vaccinated but the doctors and
more hospitals are available this
reduces the mortality rate this is phase
two because the birth rate still remains
high there is a huge natural population
growth this increases the total
population size the poorest countries in
the world meet its description such as
Angola and chart it is important for
these countries to continue to develop
so that population growth will decline
in Phase three there is already a low
mortality rate but also to birth rate
declines contraceptives are more
available and because child mortality is
falling people need fewer children who
can take care of them later girls also
go to school much longer which leads to
a lower birth rate because there is
still a big difference between a birth
and mortality rate population continues
to increase but the increase is
declining many countries that have
developed quite well already meet this
description such as Indonesia South
Africa and Mexico in phase four the rest
and low birth and mortality rate the
natural population growth is low again
as a result of which the population size
hardly grows many developed countries
meet his description such as the
Netherlands in phase 5 - mortality rate
increases and becomes higher than the
birth rate for the first time in history
of a country it has to do with a natural
population decline instead of growth and
so the total population size decreases
this happens when the population is
getting older so that more and more
people die only a few of the most
developed countries meet its
descriptions such as Germany the
demographic transition model helps us to
compare the development of camp
it shows us which demographic
developments a country will experience
in the future
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