SE 1 : Introduction to Software Engineering | Nature of Software | SE Full Course

Summary

In this session, Vishali introduces the subject of software engineering, focusing on key concepts like the need for software engineering, characteristics of good software, and various types of software such as system, application, and web applications. The discussion covers essential topics like software processes, the software development life cycle (SDLC), and popular models such as the waterfall and agile models. The video provides insights into the importance of software engineering in developing reliable, cost-effective, and efficient software solutions, along with suggestions for reference books and interview preparation tips.

Takeaways

• 😀 Introduction to software engineering, combining software and engineering to develop effective and reliable software products.
• 📚 Suggested reading: Roger Pressman's 'Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach' and Addison-Wesley’s book on software engineering.
• 💻 Software engineering applies scientific principles to design, build, maintain, and improve software frameworks and processes.
• 🏢 Software engineering is essential for handling large projects, managing costs, reducing time, and delivering reliable and effective software.
• 👍 Characteristics of good software include operational efficiency, transitional adaptability, and ease of maintenance.
• 📱 Different types of software include system software, application software, engineering and scientific software, embedded software, web applications, and AI software.
• 🔄 The software process involves four key activities: specification, development, validation (testing), and evolution (adaptation).
• 🚀 Software engineering uses various models like waterfall, RAD, spiral, V-model, incremental, agile, iterative, and big bang models.
• 🛠 STLC (Software Development Life Cycle) includes phases for creating, testing, and evolving software to meet user needs.
• 🌐 Examples of widely used software applications are social media platforms, banking apps, reservation systems, and scientific apps like weather prediction.

Q & A

What is the definition of software engineering according to the script?

Software engineering is an engineering branch where software products are developed and evaluated using scientific principles, techniques, and procedures. It focuses on creating effective and reliable software.

Why is software engineering important for handling large projects?

Software engineering is important for handling large projects because it helps manage and process vast amounts of data effectively, ensuring smooth communication between customers and organizations, such as in banking applications.

How does software engineering help manage costs during software development?

Software engineering helps manage costs by ensuring that only necessary features are included in the software as per the customer's requirements. This reduces unnecessary expenses and allows for efficient budget management.

What are the three main characteristics of good software as mentioned in the script?

The three main characteristics of good software are operational, transitional, and maintenance. Operational includes factors like efficiency and dependability, transitional involves portability and adaptability, and maintenance includes flexibility and scalability.

What are some examples of operational characteristics in good software?

Operational characteristics in good software include budget-friendliness, efficiency (e.g., WhatsApp's video calling and chatting features), usability (easy for all users), and dependability (relying on other systems, such as contacts in WhatsApp).

What is the difference between system software and application software?

System software refers to software like operating systems (e.g., Windows, Linux, Android) that provide a platform for other applications to run. Application software is developed for specific tasks or user needs, such as WhatsApp for communication or Flipkart for shopping.

What are embedded softwares, and where are they used?

Embedded software is used to control and implement features for end-users. They are integrated into hardware, like routers, digital cameras, washing machines, and traffic control systems.

What is the purpose of the software process, and what are its main phases?

The software process is a series of activities aimed at producing a quality software product. Its main phases are software specification (planning), development (coding), validation (testing), and evolution (adapting to changing client needs).

How does software validation work in the software engineering process?

Software validation involves testing the software to ensure it meets customer requirements and functions correctly. If errors are found, they must be fixed by the developers or testers to ensure reliability.

What are some software development life cycle (SDLC) models mentioned in the script?

The SDLC models mentioned in the script include the Waterfall model, RAD model, Spiral model, V model, Incremental model, Agile model, Iterative model, and Big Bang model.

Outlines

00:00

💻 Introduction to Software Engineering Series

The speaker, Vishali, introduces a new series on Software Engineering. The sessions will offer pointwise explanations, practical demos, and question banks on topics covered in the subject. Additionally, the channel will provide exam preparation tips, project presentation guidance, and free certification ideas. Vishali encourages viewers to like, share, and subscribe for future updates.

05:01

📘 Recommended Books for Software Engineering

Vishali recommends two books for Software Engineering: 'Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach' by Roger Pressman and 'Software Engineering' by Addison Wesley. She advises the audience to prioritize the first book, as it aligns with the syllabus and is written in simple language.

10:01

🛠️ What is Software Engineering?

Software Engineering is explained as a combination of 'software' (a collection of integrated programs) and 'engineering' (the application of scientific knowledge for building, designing, and maintaining frameworks and processes). The aim is to develop reliable and effective software products using scientific principles. Examples of applications like social media, banking, and gaming software are provided to illustrate the result of Software Engineering.

📈 The Need for Software Engineering

The need for Software Engineering is discussed in terms of managing large projects, reducing costs, saving time, and ensuring reliability. Software helps organizations handle vast amounts of data, manage costs efficiently, reduce time through automation (e.g., reservation systems), and deliver reliable software as per client requirements.

⚙️ Characteristics of Good Software

Good software is categorized into three main areas: operational (e.g., budget-friendly, efficient, and dependable like WhatsApp), transitional (e.g., portability, reusability), and maintenance (e.g., flexibility and scalability). Developers must adhere to these characteristics to create software that is functional, secure, and adaptable.

🖥️ Types of Software: System, Application, and Engineering

The types of software are divided into different categories: system software (operating systems like Windows and Android), application software (specific user or business tasks like WhatsApp or Flipkart), and engineering and scientific software (handling real-time data, weather prediction, stock market analysis).

🔌 Embedded Software and Web Applications

Embedded software is explained as programs that control features within hardware, such as switches in routers or features in digital cameras. Web applications, like Gmail or online converters, are client-server programs that deliver information and services through hypertext and limited graphics.

🤖 Artificial Intelligence Software

Artificial intelligence software uses algorithms like machine learning and deep learning to solve complex problems. Examples include Google Cloud, TensorFlow, and Azure Studio, used by companies for data management, AI gaming, robotics, and expert systems.

🔄 Software Process Overview

The software process consists of four main parts: specification (gathering requirements), development (creating the software), validation (testing to ensure the software meets requirements), and evolution (updating the software to meet changing client needs). These steps are crucial for producing a high-quality product.

📊 Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Models

The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) includes various models used by developers, such as the waterfall model, RAD model, spiral model, V-model, incremental model, agile model, and big bang model. Vishali concludes by stating that these models will be discussed in detail in upcoming sessions.

Keywords

💡Software Engineering

Software engineering is a branch of engineering that focuses on the systematic development, evaluation, and maintenance of software products using scientific principles, techniques, and procedures. The video describes it as a combination of software and engineering, where developers create software according to customer needs, ensuring it is reliable and effective for various applications like banking, gaming, and social media.

💡Need of Software Engineering

The need for software engineering arises from the necessity to handle large projects, manage costs, decrease time, and ensure reliability and effectiveness. The video emphasizes that software engineering principles help in creating cost-effective, time-saving, and user-friendly software for various sectors, including banks, shopping, and social applications.

💡Characteristics of Good Software

Good software is characterized by its operational, transitional, and maintenance features. Operational characteristics include budget-friendliness, efficiency, usability, and dependability. Transitional characteristics involve interoperability and portability, such as software that works across different operating systems. Maintenance includes flexibility, modularity, and scalability. The video uses WhatsApp as an example, highlighting its user-friendliness and multiple functionalities.

💡System Software

System software includes the operating systems that interact directly with hardware and provide a platform for application software. Examples include Windows, Linux, and Android. The video explains that system software facilitates the functioning of application software, allowing them to perform their tasks effectively, such as using Android on a mobile device to run WhatsApp or Facebook.

💡Application Software

Application software is designed to perform specific tasks for users or businesses. Examples include shopping apps like Flipkart, communication tools like WhatsApp, gaming apps, and banking applications. According to the video, application software is created to meet specific user requirements, making it an essential aspect of software engineering.

💡Software Process

The software process is a set of activities designed to produce a high-quality software product. It consists of four main parts: specification (defining requirements), development (creating software), validation (testing software to meet requirements), and evolution (updating software to adapt to changes). The video emphasizes the role of software engineers in managing these activities to ensure the final product meets user needs.

💡STLC Models

STLC (Software Development Life Cycle) models are frameworks that guide the development of software products. The video mentions various models such as the Waterfall, RAD, Spiral, V, Incremental, Agile, Iterative, and Big Bang models. These models provide structured approaches to software creation, helping developers systematically plan, design, implement, test, and maintain software.

💡Reliable Software

Reliable software is dependable and meets the specified requirements consistently. It is the responsibility of the company to ensure that the software product is delivered on time and functions correctly. The video cites examples like banking software (SBI, RBI) and reservation systems that need to handle vast amounts of data while providing a reliable connection between customers and service providers.

💡Artificial Intelligence Software

AI software uses non-numerical algorithms and advanced technologies like machine learning to handle complex problems, such as real-time data processing and data analysis. The video mentions applications like Google Cloud, Azure Studio, and TensorFlow, highlighting their use in fields such as robotics, expert systems, and AI gaming. AI software helps organizations manage large datasets effectively.

💡Maintenance of Software

Software maintenance includes activities like flexibility, modularity, and scalability, which ensure the software remains functional and up-to-date with changing user needs. The video explains that software often requires updates to include new features or improvements, highlighting the importance of a software engineer’s role in continuously evolving and enhancing software products.

Highlights

Introduction to software engineering, including its definition and importance in developing reliable software products.

Software engineering combines software development and engineering principles to create effective and reliable software.

Key need for software engineering includes handling large projects, managing costs, reducing time, and creating reliable software.

Characteristics of good software are divided into operational, transitional, and maintenance categories, using WhatsApp as an example.

Operational characteristics of good software include budget efficiency, usability, dependability, correctness, and safety.

Transitional characteristics include interoperability, reusability, portability, with Turbo C software as an example for portability.

Maintenance characteristics include flexibility, maintainability, modularity, and scalability, demonstrating the importance of software updates.

Different types of software include system software, application software, engineering/scientific software, embedded software, web applications, and AI software.

System software provides a platform for other applications, like Android operating systems enabling apps like WhatsApp.

Application software is developed for specific tasks, such as shopping apps like Flipkart or communication apps like WhatsApp.

Engineering and scientific software handle real-time data, such as weather prediction and stock market analysis.

Embedded software controls features and functions of hardware, with examples like digital cameras and washing machines.

Web application software includes client-server programs, such as Gmail, and online tools for file conversion and photo editing.

AI software uses non-numerical algorithms for complex problem-solving, used in areas like robotics, pattern recognition, and gaming.

The software process includes specification, development, validation, and evolution to meet changing client needs, ensuring software remains flexible and scalable.

Transcripts

good evening everyone this is vishali

from today's session

I will start a software engineering

subject in this series I will give you a

complete pointwise easy and quick

explanation about each and every points

included in software engineering subject

in today's session we will discuss about

the first point that is Introduction to

software engineering so let's start the

session

in this channel you got a complete

pointwise easy explanation practical

demo and question Bank of following

subjects here I am also giving you some

exam interview preparation tips plus pro

project presentation and some free

certification ideas please like and

share these videos with your friends and

subscribe the channel so you will get a

notification regarding my new upcoming

videos

now in today's session we will discuss

about introduction of software

engineering their need then

characteristics of good software nature

of software software process and stlc

models next

now first there is a reference book I am

suggesting you for software engineering

subject purpose you can refer this first

book that is Roger Pressman software

engineering a practitioner approach book

the second book is software engineering

by Addison Wesley but I am suggesting

you you should refer this first book

because everything mentioned in this

book in simple language or as per your

syllabus points next

now the first point is what exactly

software engineering basically software

engineering these words are combined

from software and Engineering what

exactly software we know that software

is a collection of integrated programs

means developer develop a particular

software by using a particular computer

programming language right as per the

customer need

the second thing is engineering

engineering means here we apply

different scientific and practical

knowledge or we will learn about

invention design build maintenance and

improve framework and process this is

the engineering field right so by

combining software and Engineering

software engineering will be developed

what exactly software engineering so

software engineering is a engineering

Branch here we develop evaluation of

software product

by using some scientific principles

techniques and procedures this is called

a software engineering

the result of software engineering is to

develop effective and Reliable Software

product in our daily life we use

different types of applications like

social applications banking applications

then gaming applications right so these

are all these softwares so this

softwares have developed by the

particular developer by using a

particular principles techniques and

procedure so this all things have

included in software engineering subject

clear next

now the next point is need of software

engineering the first need is to

handling big project see every

organization every Institute having

their own software right some banking

application like SBI RBI they have their

own software so basically software can

be used to handle large amount of data

and large amount of project there is a

connection between the customers and The

Institute persons right the second thing

is to manage cost

if you develop a particular software as

per the software engineering principles

or as per the customer requirement so

your software is very easy to manage the

cost means if you develop a software as

per the customer need at that time

reduce all those things that are not

required only as per the customer

requirements so that will be beneficial

for to manage the cost

second to decrease time

obviously we use different software like

reservation application train

reservation booking Airline bookings

then a calculator so this all

applications are useful for the human or

the users it save lot of time right so

if you develop a software by using some

specific software engineering techniques

it save lot of time of the particular

users

the next one is Reliable Software so

Reliable Software means the softwares

have developed by the particular company

or particular organization right so it's

company responsibility to deliver a

software product on particular time or

particular schedule as discussed by the

customer

so this is called as Reliable Software

the next one is Effectiveness obviously

every software you have developed they

have a accuracy then a easy to use that

will be usable for every user as per

their need so this is called as

Effectiveness right

so these are the need of software

engineering that's why we use softwares

in our daily life for each and every

purpose like in our College purpose or

any other browsing purpose there are

some browsers there are some gaming

applications then a shopping

applications like Flipkart Amazon then

uh social applications WhatsApp Facebook

Instagram right so each and everywhere

we use applications we use softwares

right so this is a need of software

engineering next

now the next thing is characteristics of

good software see this characteristics

are divided into the three parts

operational transitional and maintenance

these are the three main characteristics

of good software let's take the example

of WhatsApp

so operational is budget WhatsApp is

budget friendly for every user right

there is a efficiency they work

efficiently their each and every

applications like chatting video calling

then a status each and every application

work efficiently then usability means

each and every user use this application

whether it is literate person or

non-literate person next dependability

WhatsApp use contact application means

they depend on any other application or

user also depend on that particular

software next correctness functionality

there are different functionalities the

main thing is Safety and Security so

this all things have included in

particular software applications so

these are the characteristics of good

software as per the operational as per

their working areas

second thing is Transitional

transitional include interoperability

their operations reusability portability

let's take an example of your turbo C

software that is programming software so

you can install turbo C in different

versions of Windows like Windows 7

Windows 8 so this is called as

portability then adaptability

the second thing is maintenance in

maintenance it include flexibility

maintainability modularity and

scalability means there are different

versions have included in particular

softwares each time you update the

softwares as per their new features

right so these all are the

characteristics of good softwares Miss

every software engineer every software

developer must know these

characteristics or as per that

characteristics they develop a

software's clear next

now next thing is nature of softwares

there are different softwares have

present so that will be divided into the

different natures

the first is system softwares system

software basically means your operating

system you can use different operating

systems like Windows Linux then in your

mobile there is Android operating system

right so these all are the system

software

basically system software is an

interaction between harder and

application software

means it provide a platform to the

application software like see here in

your mobile there is Android operating

system that is system software and on

that Android operating system you

install different application like you

install WhatsApp you install Facebook

right so these are the application

softwares basically system software is

provide a platform to all the other

application softwares clear

next is application softwares

application software basically means

that will be developed as per the

specific task or as per the user need

for example there are some shopping

applications like Flipkart so that will

be useful only for shopping as per the

customer need next what's up WhatsApp is

just used for connecting and chatting

purpose next gaming application next up

banking application so this all are

applications or softwares have developed

as per the user or business need right

so this is called AS application

softwares next

the third nature of software is

engineering and scientific softwares so

basically this softwares handle all the

real-time data and it has very high

accuracy complex formula Evolution and

data analysis so real-time data means

weather prediction there are some app

which show whether prediction related

data some stock market analysis like

these are the real-time application

their values are continuously changed

right then a stress analysis then body

measurement app there are working

applications or fit applications Google

Fit is there right so these all are the

engineering scientific softwares which

handle real time and continuous data

clear

the next one is embedded software so

basically embedded softwares are used to

implement and control feature and

functions for the end users means this

embedded softwares are reside within the

software for example switch router we

use these components for developing a

particular application like this

particular things have included in

digital camera washing machine then

traffic control means where all the

hardware related things are included

into the embedded softwares clear next

the next is web application softwares we

all are familiar with this it is a

client server computer programs we all

use some online forms we use Gmail Yahoo

and there are some online websites which

convert your file word to PDF PDF to

Word then online some photo editing

websites is there right so all the

online application where you can use

some online websites

so this is called as web application

softwares in this web application

software there are some set of Link or

some hypertext file which present all

the information by using text and

limited Graphics okay so this is called

as web application softwares

the next one is artificial intelligence

softwares so basically all the

artificial intelligence software use

by non-numerical algorithms there are

different machine learning artificial

intelligence deep learning algorithms to

solve a complex problems for example

there are Google Cloud then Azure Studio

tensorflow sells Force these are the

some applications have available that

will be used by the particular

organization or particular company to

handle large amount of data so generally

artificial intelligence software's

applications are included in robotics

expert system then some patent

recognization then artificial neural

network and some there are some AI

gaming is there right so these all are

the artificial intelligence softwares

next

now the next thing is software process

what exactly software process software

process means it is a some set of

activities and their outcome is to

produce a good software product

so basically this software process have

divided into the fourth part software

specification software development

software validation and software

Evolution this all process are handled

by software engineer or developer

the first thing is software

specification it means that you need to

develop a software as per the customer

requirements or as per the user need so

you develop a software's first you need

to prepare a plan first you need to

maintain which type of functionalities

have included into your software which

type of features is there which type of

programming language or database you

should use in the particular software so

all these analysis are included into the

software specification

the second thing is software development

here you need to develop a software as

per the customer requirement okay means

there is a actual development you should

use or develop a software by using

particular programming language

next one is software validation Miss

after development you need to validate

the software means you need to test the

software apply some software testings

rules and to test the software whether

the particular software will develop as

per the customer requirements or not and

if there are any errors you need to

solve those errors that will be done by

the tester clear and last one is a

software Evolution means suppose client

requirement have changed so your

software must involve to meet changing

client needs okay there is a flexibility

or scalability in your applications

clear so software specification

development validation and evaluation

these are the main software process next

now the next one is software engineering

stlc models stlc means software

development life cycle models so there

are different models have included in

software engineering this all models

have used by the developer to develop a

particular product or softwares the

first one is waterfall model then rad

model spiral model V model incremental

model agile model iterative model and

big Bank model so we discuss all these

models in detail in our next sessions

there are some models have included in

your syllabus also

so we will discuss in detail in next

sessions

so this is all about introduction about

software engineering thank you keep

learning