Ilmu Tajwid dan Qiraat kelompok 3

Summary

This presentation discusses the fundamentals and importance of 'Ilmu Tajwid' (rules for proper Qur'an recitation) and 'Qiraat' (variant recitations). The group introduces key members and explores Tajwid’s definition, its significance in reading the Qur'an correctly, and the rules of pronunciation like Idgham and Ikhfa. It also covers the history of Qiraat, mentioning prominent figures like Imam al-Jazari and the development of the ten recognized recitations (Qiraat Asyarah). The presentation emphasizes the obligatory nature of learning Tajwid and proper recitation for Muslims.

Takeaways

• 📖 The presentation is about the study of Tajweed and Qira'at, focusing on its definition, importance, and rules.
• 🔤 Tajweed, etymologically derived from 'jaada,' means improvement or perfection, and terminologically it refers to articulating every letter correctly.
• 📚 Learning Tajweed is essential for reading the Quran accurately, as it emphasizes the clear pronunciation and articulation of each letter and word.
• 🕋 The Quran itself encourages reading it with precision, indicating the importance of mastering Tajweed in Surah Al-Muzzammil, Ayah 4.
• 🕌 Studying Tajweed theoretically is considered a communal obligation (Fard Kifayah) in Islam, while its practical application is a personal obligation (Fard Ain).
• 🔠 Various rules in Tajweed include Idhar, Idgham, Iqlab, and Ikhfa, each having specific pronunciation guidelines for different letters and their combinations.
• 💡 Mim Sukun rules involve three cases: Izhar Shafawi, Ikhfa Shafawi, and Idgham Mimi, each with its distinct pronunciation guidelines.
• 🌟 There are multiple types of Idgham, such as Mutamathilain (same letters), Mutajanisain (similar letters), and Mutaqaribain (adjacent letters).
• 📖 Qira'at refers to the different methods of reciting the Quran, established by seven major and later ten recognized Imams.
• 📝 The first scholar to document Qira'at was Abu Ubaid Al-Qasim Ibn Salam in the 3rd century Hijri, followed by Ibn Mujahid, who compiled the 'Seven Qira'at,' and later expanded to 'Ten Qira'at' by Imam Al-Jazari.

Q & A

What is the definition of Tajwid according to the script?

Tajwid, in etymology, comes from the word 'jaada' meaning improvement or perfection. Terminologically, Tajwid is defined as the act of pronouncing each letter from its place of articulation with its rights and dues.

Why is the knowledge of Tajwid important in Quranic recitation?

The knowledge of Tajwid is important because it teaches how to read the Quran correctly and clearly. It ensures proper pronunciation and articulation of Quranic verses as commanded in Surah Al-Muzzammil, verse 4, where Allah instructs to recite the Quran distinctly.

What are the two main obligations regarding learning Tajwid?

Learning Tajwid theoretically is considered fard kifayah, meaning it is sufficient if some people study it. However, applying Tajwid during Quran recitation is fard 'ain, an obligation upon every individual.

What are the categories of 'n' meeting 'tanwin' in Tajwid?

When 'n' meets 'tanwin', there are five rules: Izhar (clear pronunciation), Idgham Bighunnah (merging with nasalization), Idgham Bilagunnah (merging without nasalization), Iqlab (changing sound), and Ikhfa (hiding the sound).

What are the rules of Mim Sukun in Tajwid?

The rules of Mim Sukun include Izhar Syafawi (clear pronunciation), Ikhfa Syafawi (hidden pronunciation with nasalization), and Idgham Mimi (merging of 'mim' sounds with nasalization).

What is the difference between Idgham Bighunnah and Idgham Bilagunnah?

Idgham Bighunnah involves merging letters with nasalization, while Idgham Bilagunnah involves merging letters without nasalization. Letters for Idgham Bighunnah include 'nun', 'ya', 'mim', and 'waw', while Idgham Bilagunnah includes 'lam' and 'ra'.

What is the meaning of Qira'at, and what does it include?

Qira'at, etymologically, comes from the word 'qah', meaning reading, gathering, or combining. In technical terms, it refers to the variations in the pronunciation of Quranic words, including differences in letters and their pronunciations.

Who was the first person to write about the science of Qira'at?

Abu Ubaid al-Qasim Ibn Salam, who died in 244 Hijriah, was the first person to write about the science of Qira'at. His work was followed by others, including Ibn Mujahid, who compiled the Seven Qira'at.

What is the significance of the 'Seven Qira'at'?

The 'Seven Qira'at' were compiled by Ibn Mujahid and refer to seven recognized methods of Quranic recitation from different regions such as Mecca, Medina, Kufa, Basra, and Sham. The seven imams who led these Qira'at are widely respected.

How did the number of Qira'at expand beyond the original seven?

The number of Qira'at expanded from seven to ten when Imam Al-Jazari added three more Qira'at. This set became known as 'Qira'at Asharah,' or the ten Qira'at, which included additional recitations from Abu Jafar, Ya'qub, and Al-Kisai.