classification of illocutionary speech acts by Searle| Oral Communication in Context

Summary

In this educational video, teacher Annette continues the discussion on speech acts from Austin's perspective, focusing on Searle's classification of five types: assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, and declaration. The video uses examples and movie dialogues to illustrate how these acts function in communication, aiming to help viewers identify and interpret speech acts in various contexts.

Takeaways

• 😀 The lesson focuses on understanding how language relates to reality through speech acts.
• 🎓 The teacher, Annette, encourages students to subscribe for more lessons on speech acts.
• 🔍 The lesson builds upon the previous discussion of three types of speech acts by J.L. Austin.
• 📚 The objectives include identifying different types of speech acts and interpreting them in movie dialogues.
• 📝 The script reviews the locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts with an example sentence.
• 🗣️ John Searle's classification of speech acts into five categories is introduced: assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, and declaration.
• 🌟 Assertive acts are statements that represent reality and commit the speaker to the truth of the proposition.
• 📢 Directive acts are not about truth but about getting the hearer to do something, like orders or requests.
• 🤝 Commissive acts show the speaker's intention to perform a future action, such as promises or threats.
• 💬 Expressive acts reveal the speaker's attitudes or emotions, like thanking or apologizing.
• 📜 Declaration acts are unique as they bring about a change in the external situation, such as declaring war or adjourning a meeting.
• 🎬 A quiz with movie dialogues is used to test students' understanding of the different types of speech acts.

Q & A

What are the three types of speech acts discussed by Austin in the script?

The three types of speech acts discussed by Austin are the Locutionary act, the Illocutionary act, and the Perlocutionary act.

What is the Locutionary act according to the script?

The Locutionary act is the real utterance, which is the actual words spoken without any specific intent or effect.

Can you explain the Illocutionary act from the script?

The Illocutionary act is an act of ordering, suggesting, or intending to bring about some effect by the speech act, such as the hearer visiting an eye doctor or treating their eyes.

What is the Perlocutionary act as described in the script?

The Perlocutionary act is the reaction or effect on the hearer, such as the hearer visiting the eye doctor or treating their eyes as a response to the speech act.

How many types of speech acts did John Searle classify in 1976 according to the script?

John Searle classified five types of speech acts in 1976.

What is an Assertive speech act as described by Searle?

An Assertive speech act is an utterance intended to tell how things are in the world, representing reality and committing the speaker to the truth of the proposition.

What is a Directive speech act and can you provide an example?

A Directive speech act is not true or false but is to be followed or unfollowed, such as ordering, commanding, or requesting. An example is 'Please vote for me.'

What does a Commissive speech act commit the speaker to?

A Commissive speech act commits the speaker to some future voluntary action, revealing the speaker's intention, such as making promises, threats, or pledges.

How does an Expressive speech act differ from the other types of speech acts?

An Expressive speech act reveals the speaker's attitudes and emotions towards a particular proposition, including actions like thanking, apologizing, welcoming, or deploring.

What is unique about the Declaration speech act according to the script?

The Declaration speech act is unique because it brings a change in the external situation by representing it as being so changed, such as when a president declares a total lockdown.

How does the script illustrate the difference between a Directive and an Assertive speech act?

The script illustrates the difference by showing that a Directive is an act to be followed or unfollowed, like a request or command, while an Assertive is a statement of fact that represents reality.

What is the role of the speaker's voice quality when asserting something according to the script?

When asserting something, the quality of the speaker's voice is very important as it conveys confidence and firmness in the statement.