What is Commercial Farming? | Agriculture | Class 10 | Geography | CBSE | NCERT | Home Revise

Summary

The video script discusses commercial farming, characterized by the use of high-yielding variety seeds (HYV), chemical fertilizers, and pesticides to increase productivity. It highlights the regional variation in commercialization, with rice being a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab but a subsistence crop in Orissa. Plantation farming, a type of commercial farming, involves growing a single crop over a large area, using capital-intensive inputs and migrant labor. Key plantation crops in India include tea in Assam and coffee in Karnataka. The success of plantations relies on a well-developed transport and communication network linking production areas with processing industries and markets.

Takeaways

• 🌾 Commercial farming is characterized by the use of high doses of modern inputs like HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides to achieve higher productivity.
• 📊 The degree of commercialization in agriculture varies by region; for instance, rice is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab, but a subsistence crop in Orissa.
• 🌳 Plantation farming involves growing a single crop over a large area, representing an interface between agriculture and industry.
• 🏭 Plantations are capital-intensive, often covering large tracks of land and employing migrant laborers.
• 🔗 The crops produced in plantations are used as raw materials in respective industries, emphasizing the connection between agriculture and industrial processing.
• 📍 In India, important plantation crops include tea in Assam, coffee in Karnataka, rubber, sugarcane, and banana, among others.
• 🚜 The success of plantations relies on a well-developed network of transport and communication that connects plantation areas with processing industries and markets.
• 🌱 High-yielding variety (HYV) seeds are a key component in commercial farming, contributing to higher productivity.
• 🌱 Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are widely used in commercial farming to protect crops and enhance yields.
• 🌐 The commercial nature of crops can shift based on regional demand and agricultural practices, affecting the economic viability of farming operations.

Q & A

What is the main characteristic of commercial farming?

The main characteristic of commercial farming is the use of higher doses of motor inputs such as high-yielding variety seeds (HYV), chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides to achieve higher productivity.

What is the role of commercialization in agriculture?

The degree of commercialization in agriculture varies from one region to another, determining whether crops like rice are grown for commercial purposes in some areas, such as Haryana and Punjab, or for subsistence in others like Orissa.

What is the difference between commercial and subsistence crops?

Commercial crops are grown primarily for sale and profit, while subsistence crops are grown for the farmer's own consumption and not typically sold.

What is plantation farming and how does it relate to commercial farming?

Plantation farming is a type of commercial farming where a single crop is grown on a large area. It involves capital-intensive inputs and often relies on migrant laborers, with the produce being used as raw material in related industries.

Why is a well-developed network of transport and communication important for plantation farming?

A well-developed network of transport and communication is crucial for plantation farming as it connects the plantation areas with processing industries and markets, facilitating the efficient movement of the produce to its end use.

What are some examples of important plantation crops grown in India?

Some important plantation crops grown in India include tea in Assam, coffee in Karnataka, rubber, sugarcane, and banana, which are cultivated in specific regions due to their suitability and market demand.

How does the use of high-yielding variety seeds (HYV) contribute to commercial farming?

High-yielding variety seeds (HYV) contribute to commercial farming by increasing the productivity and yield of crops, which is essential for meeting the demands of commercial markets.

What is the significance of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in commercial farming?

Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are significant in commercial farming as they enhance crop growth, protect against pests and diseases, and ultimately contribute to higher yields and profits.

How does the scale of commercial farming differ from traditional farming practices?

Commercial farming typically involves larger scales of production, more capital-intensive inputs, and a focus on market-oriented crops, whereas traditional farming practices often involve smaller, more diverse plots with less reliance on external inputs.

What is the role of migrant laborers in plantation farming?

Migrant laborers play a vital role in plantation farming by providing the necessary workforce for the cultivation, maintenance, and harvesting of crops on large plantations.

Why is the interface between agriculture and industry important in plantation farming?

The interface between agriculture and industry in plantation farming is important as it ensures a direct supply chain from the production of raw materials to their processing and eventual sale in the market, optimizing efficiency and profitability.