Supplements Shown to Extend Lifespan - Top Longevity Program Results

Summary

This video explores the National Institute of Aging's Intervention Testing Program (ITP), which rigorously tests compounds for their potential to extend the lifespan of mice. Over 20 years, ITP identified nine molecules—including acarbose, canagliflozin, aspirin, and rapamycin—that have shown life-extension effects in mice. The video discusses the mechanisms and potential side effects of these compounds, highlighting the promise of rapamycin as a leading candidate for human longevity. It also touches on the importance of considering sex differences in the effects of these molecules and the need for further clinical trials to confirm their impact on human lifespan.

Takeaways

• 🧪 The National Institute of Aging's Intervention Testing Program (ITP) is the world's most rigorous program for investigating the effects of longevity molecules on mice.
• 🐁 Over 20 years, ITP has identified nine molecules that extend lifespan in mice, including acarbose, aspirin, canagliflozin, captopril, glycine, nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), protandim, rapamycin, and 17 alpha-estradiol.
• 💊 Acarbose, a diabetes drug, has shown to extend median lifespan in male mice by 22%, but its effects on muscle mass and strength might be negative for older adults.
• 💊 Canagliflozin, another diabetes drug, extended median survival in male mice by 14%, but had no effect in female mice, suggesting sex differences in response.
• 💊 Aspirin, an anti-inflammatory drug, extended median survival in male mice by 8%, yet daily intake in humans, especially the elderly, has been linked to a higher risk of mortality.
• 💊 Glycine, an amino acid, increased maximum lifespan in mice by 4 to 6%, and its high intake might mimic methionine restriction, a known life extension strategy.
• 💊 Captopril, an ACE inhibitor for high blood pressure, extended median lifespan in female mice by 4 to 5%, but its side effects make it less appealing for recreational use.
• 🌿 NDGA, found in creosote bush, increased lifespan in mice by 10%, and is being investigated for its anti-inflammatory properties.
• 🌿 Protandim, a herbal supplement, increased median survival in male mice by 7%, but its proprietary blend and high cost make it less attractive.
• 💊 Rapamycin, known for its life extension effects, increased median survival by 14% in females and 9% in males, and is considered the most promising longevity molecule.
• 💊 17 Alpha-estradiol, a non-feminizing estrogen, increased median male lifespan by 19%, and might counteract the shortening effects of androgens like testosterone.

Q & A

What is the Intervention Testing Program (ITP) and what does it do?

The Intervention Testing Program (ITP) is considered the world's most rigorous peer-reviewed program for investigating longevity molecules and their effects on mice. It started in 2002 and has been running for over 20 years, testing dozens of different compounds for their potential to extend lifespan.

How many molecules has the ITP identified that can extend lifespan in mice?

Over the 20 years, the ITP has identified nine molecules that have extended lifespan in mice: acarbose, aspirin, canagliflozin, captopril, glycine, nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), protandim, rapamycin, and 17 Alpha estradiol.

What is acarbose and how does it affect lifespan in mice?

Acarbose is a diabetes drug that blocks glucose absorption. ITP studies found that it extended median lifespan in male mice by 22% and by only 5% in female mice, with maximum lifespan increasing by 11% in males and 9% in females.

What are the potential negative side effects of acarbose on muscle mass and strength?

Acarbose may lead to a decrease in muscle mass, hand grip strength, and walking speed, particularly in type two diabetics. It might also blunt the muscle growth signal in response to resistance training in older adults.

How does glycine supplementation impact lifespan according to the ITP study?

The 2019 ITP study found that glycine supplementation increased maximum lifespan in both male and female mice by 4 to 6%. It is thought to mimic methionine restriction, which is known to extend lifespan in animals.

What is the potential issue with the high methionine and low glycine intake in the average human diet?

The average human diet is high in methionine, primarily from animal proteins, and low in glycine. This imbalance could theoretically reduce longevity, as glycine is thought to counterbalance methionine toxicity and extend lifespan.

What is rapamycin and how does it show potential for life extension?

Rapamycin is a known life extension molecule in animals and has shown to increase median survival by 14% in females and 9% in males in ITP studies. It also extends life expectancy by 60% when given to middle-aged mice for only three months.

What are the current clinical trials investigating regarding rapamycin and human longevity?

There are several clinical trials investigating rapamycin's potential to enhance immune system function when used transiently in elderly people, and its effects on health, brain function, and general well-being when taken off-label by longevity enthusiasts.

What is 17 Alpha estradiol and how does it affect male mice lifespan according to the ITP?

17 Alpha estradiol, also called non-feminizing estrogen, increased median male lifespan by 19% in the ITP study. It is thought to counteract the shortening effects of androgens and testosterone on lifespan.

Why might 17 Alpha estradiol not extend lifespan in female mice?

17 Alpha estradiol might not extend female lifespan because it works in the presence of elevated male hormones, androgens, which are not present in the same levels in female mice.

What is the practical takeaway from the ITP studies for individuals interested in longevity?

The practical takeaway is that while certain compounds like acarbose, glycine, and rapamycin have shown potential in extending lifespan in mice, it's important to consider the specific effects and potential side effects for each compound. For example, the speaker personally takes glycine and is considering rapamycin in the future, but recommends against taking pharmaceuticals like acarbose recreationally without medical need.

Outlines

00:00

🧪 The Quest for Longevity: A Deep Dive into ITP's Findings

The paragraph delves into the historical and contemporary pursuit of longevity, highlighting the National Institute of Aging's Intervention Testing Program (ITP). Since its inception in 2002, ITP has been at the forefront of peer-reviewed research on longevity molecules. Over two decades, ITP has tested numerous compounds, identifying nine that significantly extend the lifespan of mice by up to 60%. These findings underscore the complexity and rarity of discovering substances with life-extension properties. The paragraph also introduces the first of these molecules, Acarbose, a diabetes drug that intriguingly extends median lifespan in male mice but with less pronounced effects in females. The discussion points to the potential link between reduced glucose absorption and life extension, contrasting Acarbose with Metformin, another diabetes drug without similar benefits unless combined with Rapamycin. The paragraph concludes with a nuanced view on the implications of these findings for human longevity, suggesting that while Acarbose may have benefits, it also presents potential muscle mass and strength reduction, which could counteract its life-extending effects.

05:02

💊 Exploring the Impact of Canagliflozin and Aspirin on Longevity

Paragraph 2 continues the exploration of substances that may impact longevity, focusing on Canagliflozin and Aspirin. Canagliflozin, an FDA-approved diabetes drug, is shown to extend median survival in male mice, with no significant effect on females, despite improving glucose tolerance. The discussion suggests that Canagliflozin's mechanism might be similar to Acarbose, yet it raises questions about its impact on muscle growth and stem cells, which are crucial for longevity. Aspirin, a widely available nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is also examined. While it extends median survival in male mice, its effects in humans are more complex, with some studies linking daily aspirin use to higher all-cause mortality, particularly due to cancer-related deaths. The paragraph highlights the importance of considering age-related factors when evaluating the benefits of such substances, as aspirin's effects differ significantly between younger and older populations.

10:03

🌿 Herbal Compounds and Pharmaceuticals in Longevity Research

Paragraph 3 introduces a variety of compounds, including herbal ingredients and pharmaceuticals, that have been tested for their potential to extend lifespan. Captopril, an ACE inhibitor for hypertension, is noted for its modest life extension in female mice. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), derived from natural sources, is highlighted for its anti-inflammatory properties and potential to activate Nrf2, a key factor in reducing inflammation. The paragraph also discusses Protandim, a proprietary blend of herbal ingredients, which showed a modest increase in median survival in male mice but faced regulatory challenges due to misleading marketing. Rapamycin emerges as a standout compound, with significant life extension effects in both sexes and potential to improve healthspan. The discussion concludes with 17 Alpha estradiol, a non-feminizing estrogen, which intriguingly extends male lifespan but not female, suggesting a complex interplay with androgens and testosterone.

15:04

🔬 The ITP's Comprehensive Longevity Study and Practical Takeaways

The final paragraph summarizes the ITP's comprehensive study on longevity, noting that while many popular molecules like resveratrol and curcumin did not extend lifespan, others like Glycine and Rapamycin show promise. The speaker shares a personal decision to consider using Glycine and Rapamycin in the future, reflecting on the need for more clinical trials to confirm these substances' effects on human longevity. The paragraph concludes with a call to action for viewers to explore evidence-based methods to slow aging and improve health, referencing a book titled 'The Longevity Leap' for further insights.

Keywords

💡Life Extension

Life extension refers to the increase in maximum or average lifespan, often achieved through medical, genetic, or environmental interventions. In the video, life extension is a central theme as it discusses various compounds and supplements that have been studied for their potential to extend the lifespan of mice. The National Institute of Aging's Intervention Testing Program (ITP) is highlighted for its rigorous testing of these compounds.

💡Intervention Testing Program (ITP)

The ITP is a program by the National Institute of Aging that investigates the effects of different compounds on the lifespan of mice. It is mentioned in the video as the most rigorous peer-reviewed program for longevity research. The video discusses the ITP's findings on various molecules, emphasizing its role in identifying potential life-extending compounds.

💡Acarbose

Acarbose is a diabetes drug that blocks glucose absorption. In the video, it is discussed as one of the compounds that has shown life extension effects in male mice according to ITP studies. The video suggests that its effects might be due to reduced glucose absorption rather than blood sugar level reduction, and it also touches on its potential negative side effects on muscle mass.

💡Metformin

Metformin is another diabetes drug that lowers blood sugar levels. The video contrasts it with Acarbose, noting that while Acarbose has shown life extension effects in mice, Metformin has not been found to extend lifespan unless paired with Rapamycin. The discussion around Metformin highlights the complexity of understanding how different drugs affect longevity.

💡Calorie Restriction

Calorie restriction is a dietary regimen that reduces calorie intake while still meeting nutritional needs. It is mentioned as the most proven non-genetic method of life extension in animals. The video suggests that the life extension effects of Acarbose might be related to reduced glucose absorption, which could indirectly lead to calorie restriction.

💡Rapamycin

Rapamycin is an immunosuppressive drug that has shown significant life extension effects in mice, as discussed in the video. It is highlighted as the most promising compound for human life extension, with studies suggesting it can improve health and lifespan when used intermittently rather than chronically.

💡Glycine

Glycine is an amino acid that supports various bodily functions like collagen turnover and creatine synthesis. The video discusses how glycine supplementation has been found to increase maximum lifespan in mice, possibly by mimicking methionine restriction, which is known to extend lifespan. The speaker also shares their personal decision to take glycine as a supplement.

💡Captopril

Captopril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure. The video mentions that in the ITP study, it extended the median lifespan of female mice by 4 to 5%. However, the video also notes that the life extension benefits were not substantial and were only observed in female mice, suggesting its limited potential for recreational use in longevity.

💡Protandim

Protandim is a proprietary blend of herbal ingredients that supports Nrf2 activation, which reduces inflammation. The video discusses the ITP study that found a 7% increase in median survival of male mice with Protandim. However, it also mentions the controversy surrounding the supplement due to misleading marketing claims by its manufacturer.

💡17 Alpha Estradiol

17 Alpha Estradiol, also known as non-feminizing estrogen, is discussed in the video as a compound that increased median male lifespan by 19% in the ITP study. It is suggested that this compound might counteract the shortening effects of androgens like testosterone on lifespan, potentially explaining why it extends lifespan in male mice but not in female mice.

Highlights

Humans have been searching for longevity solutions for thousands of years, from the Water of Life to modern supplements and pharmaceuticals.

It's virtually impossible to definitively test the longevity effects of supplements in humans.

Animal studies on rodents, worms, and flies have shown life extension effects with various compounds.

The National Institute of Aging's Intervention Testing Program (ITP) is the world's most rigorous program for investigating longevity molecules.

ITP has tested dozens of compounds over 20 years and identified nine molecules that extend lifespan in mice.

Acarbose, a diabetes drug, extended median lifespan in male mice by 22% and maximum lifespan by 11%.

Metformin, another diabetes drug, does not extend lifespan unless paired with rapamycin.

Calorie restriction is the most proven non-genetic method of life extension in animals.

Acarbose may have negative side effects on muscle mass and strength.

Canagliflozin, an FDA-approved diabetes drug, extended median survival in male mice by 14%.

Aspirin, an anti-inflammatory drug, extended median survival in male mice by 8%.

Glycine, an amino acid, increased maximum lifespan in both male and female mice by 4 to 6%.

Captopril, an ACE inhibitor for high blood pressure, extended median lifespan of female mice by 4 to 5%.

NDGA, a herbal compound, resulted in a 10% increase in lifespan in both sexes.

Protandim, a herbal supplement, increased median survival of male mice by 7%.

Rapamycin, a known life extension molecule, increased median survival by 14% in females and 9% in males.

17 Alpha estradiol, a non-feminizing estrogen, increased median male lifespan by 19%.

Most compounds extend lifespan more in male mice than in female mice, possibly due to sex differences.

Transcripts

humans have been searching for the magic

pill for Aging for eons thousands of

years ago it was the Water of Life that

supposedly made you young again but

today is various supplements and

pharmaceuticals that are touted as

having longevity benefits how do you

know if a supplement is going to make

you live longer well you can't because

it's virtually impossible to do that

kind of an experiment in humans however

we do have a bunch of animal studies on

rodents worms and flies that have found

life extension effects with different

compounds in this video I'm going to go

through through the findings of the

National Institute of aging's

intervention testing program and see

what supplements and molecules they've

found to work in extending the lifespan

of mice by 20 30 and up to 60% so what

is the interventions testing program or

ITP for short it's considered the

world's most rigorous peer-reviewed

program for investigating longevity

molecules and their effects on mice they

started in 2002 so the program has ran

for over 20 years and have tested dozens

of different compounds you can read all

their supported into ditions and

Publications at the National Institute

of aging's website over the 20 years the

ITP has identified nine molecules that

have extended lifespan in mice they are

acaros aspirin canag flosin captopril

glycine nordi Hydro gutic acid ndga

protm rapamycin and 17 Alpha estrad

that's not a very large amount of

compounds from the dozens of compounds

that have been tested which kind of

shows that most supplements don't have

life extension effects even in animals

this doesn't mean that the list is

conclusive either because the ITP is

continuously testing new molecules so

let's take a look at these molecules

more closely the first one is a carbos a

carbos is a diabetes drug that blocks

glucose absorption the ITP studies on a

carbos found that it extended median

lifespan in male mice by 22% and by only

5% in female mice maximum lifespan

increased by 11% in males and 9% in

females this is quite interesting and

you would predict that these life

extension effects were because of lower

ing blood sugar levels however the ITP

studies done on Metformin which is

another diabetes drug and also lowers

blood sugar levels have found that

metformin doesn't extend Lipan unless

it's paired with rapamycin so it's

rapamycin that does the extension

effects not meformin metformin does

reduce the risk of heart disease

mortality in people with diabetes but it

hasn't been found to have any longevity

effects in otherwise healthy humans

either so in my opinion the life

extension effects of a carbos might have

to do more with the reduction in glucose

absorption rather than lowering of the

blood sugar levels if you absorb less

glucose you also absorb fewer calories

and we know that calorie restriction is

the most proven non- gentic method of

Life Extension in animals does this mean

that taking a carbos is going to be

beneficial for human longevity a carbos

does reduce the risk of heart disease

and hypertension in people with impaired

glucose tolerance a carbos also induces

weight loss through reduced glucose

absorption as well as by increasing the

expression of glp1 which is the

mechanism by which OIC works the problem

is that a carbos also appears to to have

some negative side effects type two

diabetics who take a carbos see a

decrease in muscle mass hand grip

strength and walking speed metformin has

also been seen to blunt the muscle

growth signal in response to resistance

training in older adults muscle mass and

muscle strength are both very important

for longevity and in appears that acaros

and Metformin could be harmful for older

people who have low muscle mass and low

strength it might be that with acaros

you can mitigate the negative effects on

muscle mass by just lifting weights

because in these studies the patients

didn't do any form of resistance strange

however in the metformin study the

people did lift weights and they still

saw the reduction in the hypertrophy

response from the training so I would

predict that it might happen the same

with a carbos metformin has been seen to

decrease V to Max an aerobic capacity as

well which is a bad thing for

cardiovascular function a higher V to

Max is linked to longevity when it comes

to acaros then acaros hasn't been seen

to reduce V to Max and in one 2006 study

they found that exercise combined with a

carbos treatment actually increased V to

Max whereas exercise alone didn't that

is very interesting but obviously we

would need more studies to confirm that

so overall acaros as well as metformin

can be life-saving for diabetics if

you're otherwise healthy you don't have

impaired glucose tolerance then taking

these medications might have negative

effects on your Fitness taking these

Pharmaceuticals recreationally for ler

purposes is also somewhat of a mixed bag

on one hand we have the ITP results

showing that a carbos works but on the

other hand the human evidence suggests

that a carbos can result in loss of

muscle and strength but honestly I think

you can mitigate it with resistance

training and a higher protein intake

it's the same with OIC you lose muscle

because of not lifting weights and

you're undereating protein personally

I'm not taking at carbos I don't have

any plans to take it in the future right

now but I do think that it's quite

interesting the next one is canag gloin

canlin is another FDA approved diabetes

drug that supports skinny function and

cardiovascular function it also inhibits

the sodium glucose Transporter 2 by

blocking renal uptake and intestinal

absorption of glucose in the ITP study

can flow in extended median survival of

male mice by 14% Kaa also increased the

age for 90th percental Survival by 9%

however they found no effects in female

mice although their glucose tolerance

still improved this drug appears to be

very similar to a carbos it works

through reduced glucose absorption and

it improves glucose tolerance but does

it have the same negative side effects

on muscle growth there's no studies in

humans but in mice canic Flows In does

downregulate certain proteins and muscle

stem cells next up we have aspirin which

is a non idal anti-inflammatory drug or

Nate you can get it over the counter

which makes it very easily found in the

ITP study aspirin treatment extended

median survival in male mice by 8% but

it wasn't very significant there are

other animal studies as well that find

how aspirin extends their lifespan the

effects are probably because of

aspirin's anti-inflammatory effects

however in humans daily intake of

aspirin has been actually seen to be

linked to a higher risk of Alla morality

primarily because of increased cancer

related deaths this applies to elderly

people who see an increased risk of

cancer metastasis from aspirin treatment

and accelerated cancer progression as

shown by several randomized control

trials there have been previous studies

that found that aspirin treatment

reduces the risk of cancer but those

studies were mostly done on younger

populations whereas the recent clinical

trials were done on the elderly people

and in those people aspirin treatment

appears to increase the risk of cancer

the reason why there's a discrepancy

between younger and older people might

be because of the age related decrease

in the immune system older people have

weaker immune systems and aspirin might

modulate the immune system in a negative

way that enables the proliferation of

cancer more easily so it looks like

aspirin isn't a good idea later in life

historically aspirin has been used for

primary prevention of cardiovascular

disease which means preventing a heart

attack or preventing the onset of

atherosclerosis taking baby aspirin or

small amounts of 50 to 100 milligrams of

aspirin per day has been very common for

decades for this reason so the question

is does Micro doing baby aspirin every

day reduce the risk of heart disease the

American Heart Association says low do

aspirin could be considered for primary

prevention of AOS scerotic

cardiovascular disease in adults aged 40

to 70 who are at a high risk of

atherosclerosis but with no increased

risk of bleeding because aspirin

increases the risk of bleeding they

don't recommend it for people over the

age of 70 or for anyone who's at

increased risk of bleeding what about

secondary prevention which means

preventing getting a second heart attack

here daily lowd dose aspirin has more

benefits and is generally recommended by

the American Heart Association for

people who aren't at increased risk of

bleeding next supplement is glycine

which is an amino acid that supports

collagen turnover gathan production

creatin synthesis and heem synthesis the

2019 ITP study found that glycine

supplementation increased maximum

lifespan in both male and female mice by

4 to 6% the mice consumed a diet

comprising of 8% glycine which is quite

a large amount and another 2011 study

found that a diet comprising of 8 to 12%

glycine extended the median lifespan of

rats by 28% the rats lived on 113 weeks

instead of 88 maximum lifespan also

increased by 30% from 91 to 119 weeks

the reason why glycine extends Lipan is

thought to be because of mimicking

methine restriction methine is another

amino acid you get primarily from animal

protein and methan in restriction has

been often seen to extend lifespan in

animals glycine counterbalances methan

in toxicity and has been seen to have

the same life extension effects as

methine restriction without restricting

methine that's why in these studies you

see that a very large intake of glycine

8 to 12% of their diet extends lifespan

in humans the evidence is obviously more

limited but the average person's diet is

very high in methine and it doesn't

contain that much glycine muscle meat

eggs dairy chicken fish Etc they're all

very high in methine and very low in

glycine glycine you can get from tendon

Meats collagen fish skin chicken skin

and gelatin powder this creates a

scenario where most people could

theoretically improve their longevity by

balancing their methan in ratio with

more glycine they would either need to

reduce their methan intake or increase

their glycine intake but most people

would benefit from both there are no

hard outcomes observed from high methan

and low glycin intake but there are a

few benefits that have been seen in

clinical trials in older adults they

have found that low plasma glycine

levels are a marker of visceral

adiposity independent of sex age body

composition or chronic diseases serum

glycine is also negatively associated

with intramuscular atos tissue which is

the fat inside the muscles methan in

restriction on the other hand appears to

reduce visceral fat in both animals and

humans and glycine is also useful for

other things such as collagen production

for the skin and Joints glut thean

production for antioxidant fence and

inflammation sleep blood sugar and

creatine synthesis so although we can't

say whether or not glycine

supplementation is going to extend

lifespan in humans we can be pretty sure

that most people are eating too much

methine and not enough glycine that's

why I'm also taking 10 grams of glycine

as a supplement every day and I'm eating

plenty of glycine rich foods next on the

list is captopril captopril is an

Angiotensin converting enzyme ace

inhibitor used to treat high blood

pressure in the ITP study captopril

extended median lifespan of female mice

by 4 to 5% hypertension is one of the

most common co-morbidities in the world

and it's called the silent killer that

increases the risk of heart disease

kidney disease and neurod degeneration

if you have elevated blood pressure then

you should try to normalize it as fast

as possible because the longer your

blood pressure stays elevated the more

damage it can cause to your body ACE

inhibitors have some nasty side effects

which is why I think the recreational

use of captopril is probably not worth

it furthermore the life extension

benefits in the ITP study weren't that

big it was only 4 to 5% and it was only

absorbed in the female mice so if you

were ever going to take any

pharmaceutical for recreational purposes

to support your longevity then you would

be probably better off by taking

something like a carbos or rapamycin

instead of CapTel the next compound is

nordi hydro WTIC acid ndga it's a ligant

found in croso Bush or grease wood in

the TP study it resulted in 10% increase

in Lipan in both sexes ndga is basically

a herbal compound that's been seen to

increase Nrf2 activation and thus reduce

inflammation it's not a very common

compound although it's being

investigated for clinical purposes at

the moment and I haven't found any

supplements that have ndga in it so

that's pretty much all I have to say

about this compound prandom is another

herbal supplement that contains a patent

and mix of five herbal ingredients that

support nf2 activation it has termic

root green tea milk thisle bopa moneri

and ashwagandha in the ITP study

Protandim resulted in 7% increase in

median survival of male mice but there

was no significant difference in

survival at the age at 90% mortality the

company selling pandum Life Vantage has

gotten into some trouble with the FDA

because of their misleading and illegal

marketing claims that claim pandum can

help with different conditions like

cancer and diabetes there's no evidence

that pendum or the specific ingredients

in the supplement could help with those

conditions the ITP study did find that

pendum resulted in 7% increase in median

lifespan but there was no difference at

the end of life so in my opinion taking

this supplement isn't worth it the

problem is also that it's a patented

proprietary blend which means that you

don't know exactly how much of each

ingredient is in the blend and it's also

$66 for 30 capsules which is over $2 per

day next up we have the most successful

life extension molecule and the one with

the greatest potential rapy it's been

known to have life extension effects in

animals for decades and in the it PP

studies it has done so by 14% in females

and 9% in males even if Romy was given

late in life Romy increases median

Survival by 10% in males and 18% in

females and it attenuates age related

decline in spontaneous activity in males

but not in females in another 2016 study

treating middle-aged mice with rap ayin

for only 3 months extended their life

expectancy by 60% and improved Health

span that's very interesting because

they treated the mice with rap ayine for

only 3 months a mouse usually lives 12

to 18 months so they got repy in only

about a quarter of their life and they

still saw a large life extension effect

for humans the equivalent duration would

be something like 20 years which is a

very long time but it's still not your

entire lifespan but are there any

longevity studies about rapamycin in

humans if you don't know then rapamycin

is used for organ transplantation

rejection as it suppresses the immune

system if taken chronically however

there are now several clinical trials

showing that rapamycin actually enhances

immune system function when used

transiently it appears that rather than

using rapy daily you would have to pulse

it something like once a week or once

every two weeks to avoid the

immunosuppressive effects and by doing

that the elderly people actually see an

improvement in their immune system

function many longevity enthusiasts are

taking Ramy off label in hopes of

extending the lifespan a 2023 study by

Matt caban and colleagues looked that

333 such people they found that at an

average dose of 3 to 6 Mig per week rap

a didn't have any adverse side effectss

on health with the most common side

effects being abdominal cramps and mouth

Alters most people also didn't know if

the drug was working but they did

self-report improvements in their health

brain function youthfulness coldness and

general aches and pains the problem is

that the placebo effect can be very big

in these people who are taking rapamycin

thinking that it's going to extend their

Lipan you can't just buy rapamycin from

the pharmacy you need to go out of your

way to get it and if you are doing that

then you probably have some expect that

is going to improve your health so it

wasn't a placebo controlled study

overall I do think that out of all these

compounds rapy is the most promising one

I think it has the greatest potential of

being the first geroprotective drug we

obviously need a lot more clinical

trials on humans to see what the effects

are but many of the leading longevity

experts do think that rapamycin does

work in extending lifespan I'm

personally not taking Romy at the moment

I don't have any plans in the near

future either I'm waiting for more of

these clinical trials to come out in the

next next few years the last compound is

17 Alpha estradi which is also called

non-feminizing estrogen in the ITP study

in increased media male lifespan by 19%

and by 11% when fed late in life this is

quite interesting and estrogens are

known to have cardioprotective and

neuroprotective effects it's even

thought that estrogen might be one of

the reasons why women live on average 5

to 10 years longer than men as you've

seen repeatedly throughout this video

most of the compounds extend lifespan in

male mice more so than they do in female

fale mice that's very interesting and it

might be partly because of the six

differences between male and female

animals and in the ITP study 17 Alpha

estrad didn't extend female lifespan

what other Studies have also found is

that the life extension effects of 17

Alpha estrad go away in castrated male

mice which suggests that it works in the

presence of elevated male hormones and

androgens androgens and testosterone

tend to shorten Lipan and they're

associated with increased risk of heart

disease which is why it looks like 17

Alpha estral counteracts those effects

in males who have testicles it doesn't

do so in females who don't have

testicles and it doesn't do so in

castrated males interestingly castrated

males having also seen to live longer

than regular males in different human

cohort studies I'm pretty sure most men

would like to keep their testicles and

they would much rather take something

like 17 Alpha estr rather than castrate

themselves 17 Alpha estr is called

non-feminizing estrogen because it

doesn't have any of the feminizing

effects of estrogen such as breast

tissue growth or other feminizing

effects it's obviously very early to say

if 17 Alpha estral is going to extend

lifespan or longevity in humans

especially in male humans but I'll be

interested to see the future clinical

trials there you go these are the

compounds that have been shown to extend

Lipan in the ITP program they've tested

many other popular molecules like

reservatrol methylin blue nicotinum at

riboside corcumin and MCT oil and those

compounds didn't increase Lipan what's

the Practical takeaway from this well

personally me I'm going to macro do

Glycine and I might think about using

rapamycine in a few years but not right

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