Sejarah Konferensi Meja Bundar
Summary
TLDRThis video discusses the historical events surrounding Indonesia's struggle for independence. It highlights key moments, including the proclamation of independence on August 17, 1945, and the ensuing challenges posed by Dutch resistance. The script covers pivotal diplomatic negotiations like the Linggarjati, Renville, and Roem-Royen agreements, which led to the Round Table Conference in 1949. The conference resulted in the transfer of sovereignty from the Netherlands to Indonesia. The video also mentions Indonesia’s transition to becoming the United States of Indonesia and the subsequent official recognition of independence by the Netherlands in 1949 and 2005.
Takeaways
- 📅 Indonesia proclaimed its independence on August 17, 1945, a moment that marked the end of centuries of colonization.
- ⚔️ Despite the proclamation, the Dutch made efforts to retake control of Indonesia, sparking further struggles.
- 🛡️ Indonesia employed both military and diplomatic strategies to secure its independence, including World War II efforts and diplomatic negotiations.
- 📜 Significant diplomatic efforts included the Linggarjati, Renville, and Roem-Royen agreements, but these did not lead to immediate Dutch recognition of sovereignty.
- 🗣️ The Round Table Conference (RTC) was a pivotal meeting between Indonesia, the Netherlands, and federal representatives aimed at resolving the conflict.
- 🛑 The RTC took place from August 23 to November 2, 1949, in The Hague and eventually led to key agreements.
- 🤝 One result of the RTC was the Dutch unconditional recognition of the sovereignty of the United States of Indonesia, effective by December 30, 1949.
- 🇮🇩 The creation of a Dutch-Indonesian Union under the Dutch monarchy was also agreed upon, but the issue of West Papua was left for future discussions.
- 🏛️ Sovereignty was formally transferred on December 27, 1949, in a ceremony in both Indonesia and the Netherlands.
- 👑 Belatedly, in 2005, the Dutch government officially recognized Indonesia's de facto independence as beginning on August 17, 1945.
Q & A
What significant event occurred on August 17, 1945, in Indonesia?
-On August 17, 1945, Indonesia proclaimed its independence, marking a historical moment for the nation.
What was the expectation of the Indonesian people during the proclamation of independence?
-The Indonesian people expected the proclamation of independence to be the end of centuries-long colonization and the beginning of a free nation.
What efforts did Indonesia undertake to achieve true independence?
-Indonesia made various efforts to achieve independence, including participating in World War II, engaging in diplomatic struggles, and conducting negotiations such as the Linggadjati Agreement, the Renville Agreement, and the Roemer-Royen talks.
What was the purpose of the Round Table Conference held in The Hague?
-The Round Table Conference aimed to resolve the dispute between Indonesia and the Netherlands as quickly as possible and to establish Indonesia's sovereignty.
Which Indonesian delegates were present at the Round Table Conference?
-The Indonesian delegation at the Round Table Conference included figures such as Muhammad Hatta, Muhammad Roem, Professor Soepomo, Johanes Leimena, Ali Sastroamidjojo, Insinyur Juanda, Sukiman, Suyono, Hadinoto, Sumitro Djojohadikusumo, Abdul Karim, Pringgodigdo, Kolonel TB Simatupang, and Muwardi.
What was the outcome of the Round Table Conference that took place from August 23 to November 2, 1949?
-The outcome of the Round Table Conference was an agreement where the Dutch government acknowledged the full sovereignty of Indonesia without conditions and recognized the United States of Indonesia as an independent and sovereign state.
When was the sovereignty officially handed over from the Netherlands to Indonesia?
-The sovereignty was officially handed over on December 27, 1949, in two locations: Jakarta, Indonesia, and Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Who was elected as the president of the United States of Indonesia and when was he inaugurated?
-Insinyur Soekarno was elected as the president of the United States of Indonesia and was inaugurated on December 17, 1949.
What was the significance of the date August 17, 2005, in the context of Indonesian independence?
-On August 17, 2005, the Netherlands officially recognized that Indonesia's de facto independence began on August 17, 1945, marking the end of Dutch rule over Indonesia.
What changes occurred in Indonesia after the recognition of its sovereignty by the Netherlands?
-Following the recognition of its sovereignty, the capital of the newly independent nation moved from Yogyakarta to Jakarta, and a ceremony involving the lowering of the Dutch flag and the raising of the Indonesian flag was conducted.
Outlines
🏛️ Indonesian Independence and the Struggle for Sovereignty
The script narrates the historical moment of Indonesia's proclamation of independence on August 17, 1945, marking the birth of a nation after long struggles and sacrifices. Despite the declaration, colonial powers were reluctant to accept Indonesia's independence, leading to various diplomatic and military efforts to assert sovereignty. The script mentions negotiations such as the Linggadjati Agreement, the Renville Agreement, and the Roem-Royen talks, which failed to secure Dutch recognition of Indonesian independence. The Round Table Conference, held in The Hague from August 23 to November 2, 1949, was a significant event where representatives from Indonesia, the Netherlands, and the Federal Consultative Assembly aimed to resolve the conflict. The conference resulted in agreements that led to the Netherlands recognizing the sovereignty of the United States of Indonesia, with the transfer of sovereignty planned for December 30, 1949. The script also discusses the establishment of the United States of Indonesia under Dutch administration and the eventual discussions about West Papua and the repayment of Dutch debts.
🏞️ The Transfer of Sovereignty and the Birth of the United States of Indonesia
This paragraph details the events following the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty, including the relocation of the capital from Yogyakarta to Jakarta. It describes the ceremonial lowering of the Dutch flag and the raising of the Indonesian flag, symbolizing the transfer of power. The script also mentions the election of Soekarno as president of the United States of Indonesia on December 17, 1949, and his inauguration three days later. Soekarno then formed a cabinet with Hatta as the prime minister. The Dutch officially recognized Indonesia's independence on August 15, 2005, marking the end of Dutch rule and the establishment of an independent Indonesian state.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Proclamation of Independence
💡Linggadjati Agreement
💡Renville Agreement
💡Round Table Conference
💡Republic of the United States of Indonesia
💡Sovereignty Transfer
💡West Papua Issue
💡Dutch-Indonesian Union
💡Diplomatic Struggle
💡De Facto and De Jure Independence
Highlights
Indonesia declared its independence on August 17, 1945, marking a historic moment for the nation.
The Indonesian people hoped for an end to centuries of colonization.
Dutch colonizers were reluctant to accept Indonesian independence and attempted to reclaim control.
Indonesia engaged in various diplomatic efforts to achieve independence, including World War negotiations.
The Linggarjati Agreement, Renville Agreement, and Roem-Royen negotiations were diplomatic efforts that failed to gain Dutch recognition of Indonesian sovereignty.
The Round Table Conference, a key agreement in the Roem-Royen Treaty, was held on May 7, 1949, at Hotel Des Indes, Jakarta.
The Inter-Indonesia Conference was held from July 19 to 22, 1949, in Yogyakarta, and from July 31 to August 3, 1949, in Jakarta.
The Round Table Conference was a significant meeting between the Netherlands, Indonesia, and the Federal Consultative Assembly, held from August 23 to November 2, 1949, in The Hague, Netherlands.
The conference aimed to resolve the conflict between Indonesia and the Netherlands as quickly as possible.
The Indonesian delegation was represented by key figures such as Muhammad Hatta, Muhammad Roes, and others.
The Dutch delegation was led by F. A. R. de Quay, and the BFO was represented by Sultan Hamid II.
The conference resulted in agreements including the Dutch government's full sovereignty transfer to Indonesia without conditions.
The sovereignty transfer was to be implemented no later than December 30, 1949.
The United States of Indonesia was formed under Dutch administration.
The issue of West Papua was to be discussed a year after the transfer of sovereignty.
The Republic of the United States of Indonesia was to return all Dutch property and pay Dutch debts.
The power transfer ceremony from the Dutch to Indonesia took place on December 27, 1949, in two locations: Jakarta and Amsterdam.
Soekarno was elected as the President of the Republic of the United States of Indonesia and was inaugurated on December 17, 1949.
The Dutch officially recognized August 17, 1945, as the de facto date of Indonesian independence in 2005.
The capital of the newly recognized nation was moved from Yogyakarta to Jakarta, followed by a flag-lowering ceremony and the raising of the Indonesian flag.
Transcripts
the lounge
hai hai
Indonesia tanggal 17 Agustus 1945 adalah
momen bersejarah bagi bangsa Indonesia
dimana Indonesia memproklamasikan
kemerdekaan momen tersebut menjadi bukti
bahwa telah lahir sebuah bangsa dengan
segenap perjuangan dan pengorbanan
rakyat Indonesia tentu berharap di momen
yang teramat istimewa itu menjadi titik
akhir penjajahan yang membelenggu selama
berabad-abad namun pada kenyataannya
penjajah tidak gentar menentang
kemerdekaan negeri ini dengan kembali
mencoba merebut Republik Indonesia
berbagai upaya dilakukan Indonesia agar
bisa Merdeka mulai dari perang dunia
hingga Perjuangan diplomasi setelah
berbagai upaya diplomasi mulai dari
perundingan Linggarjati perundingan
Renville dan perundingan roem-royen
ternyata belum mampu membuat pihak
Belanda mengakui kedaulatan Indonesia
Hai pemirsa digelarnya Konferensi Meja
Bundar merupakan salah satu kesepakatan
dalam perjanjian Roem Royen yang kita
tangani pada 7.mei 1949 di Hotel Des
indes Jakarta sebelum pelaksanaan
Konferensi Meja Bundar pihak Republik
Indonesia menggelar perundingan dengan
bijeenkomst Federal overleg nieto atau
Majelis Permusyawaratan Federal
merupakan sebuah komite yang terdiri
dari lima bulan pemimpin negara bagian
dan daerah otonom di dalam Republik
Indonesia Serikat pertemuan ini disebut
Konferensi Inter Indonesia dilaksanakan
pada tanggal 19 sampai dengan 22juli
1949 di Yogyakarta kemudian tanggal 31
Juli sampai dengan 3 Agustus 1949 di
Jakarta dari delapan kompas.com
disebutkan perbincangan dalam Konferensi
Ini menghasilkan bentuk negara yang
mirip publik Indonesia Serikat kemudian
diadakannya penelitian persiapan
nasional sebagai persiapan penyerahan
kedaulatan Belanda kepada Republik
Indonesia Serikat
Hai bangun Konferensi Meja Bundar
merupakan pertemuan antara pihak Belanda
Indonesia dan bijak Comfort Federal
overleg dievo momen penting dalam
sejarah kemerdekaan Indonesia ini
dilaksanakan pada 23agustus sampai
2november 1949 di Den Haag Belanda
Konferensi Meja Bundar bertujuan
menyelesaikan sengketa Indonesia dan
Belanda saat dan secepat mungkin
Delegasi Indonesia diwakili oleh
Muhammad Hatta Muhammad Rouf Profesor
Soepomo Johanes leimena Ali
Sastroamidjojo Insinyur Juanda Sukiman
Suyono hadinoto Sumitro djojohadikusumo
Abdul Karim pringgodigdo Kolonel TB
Simatupang dan Muwardi sementara pihak
Belanda diwakili Farma ar'seven dan
pihak BFO diwakili oleh Sultan Hamid 2
Konferensi Meja Bundar yang dimulai pada
tanggal 23 AGT 1949 ini berlangsung
cukup alot hingga tanggal 2november 1949
barulah tercapai kesepakatan atau
hasil-hasil
Konferensi Meja Bundar tersebut
diantaranya kerajaan Belanda menyerahkan
kedaulatan penuh atas Indonesia dengan
tidak bersyarat dan tidak dapat dicabut
dan karena itu mengakui Republik
Indonesia Serikat sebagai negara yang
merdeka dan berdaulat pengakuan
kedaulatan akan dilaksanakan
selambat-lambatnya pada tanggal 30
Desember 1949 kemudian dibentuknya Uni
Indonesia Belanda dibawah pimpinan
kerajaan Belanda selanjutnya masalah
Papua Barat akan dibicarakan setahun
setelah penyerahan kedaulatan dan yang
terakhir Republik Indonesia Serikat akan
mengembalikan semua milik Belanda dan
membayar hutang-hutang hindia-belanda
[Musik]
pemirsa pada tanggal 27-12-1949 diadakan
penyerahan kekuasaan dari pihak Belanda
kepada pihak Indonesia yang
dilangsungkan di dua tempat yakni
Indonesia dan Belanda penyerahan
kekuasaan yang dilangsungkan di
Indonesia bertempat di Istana Merdeka
Jakarta dengan pengakuan kedaulatan dari
Walid
mahkota Belanda ahci love kepada Wakil
pemerintah Republik Indonesia Serikat
Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono 9 sementara
penyerahan kekuasaan di Belanda
berlangsung di Amsterdam naskah
penyerahan kedaulatan ditandatangani
oleh Ratu Juliana dan Muhammad Hatta
dari laman kumparan.com disebutkan
Insinyur Soekarno terpilih menjadi
presiden Republik Indonesia Serikat dan
dilantik pada 17 Des 1949 tiga hari
kemudian Presiden Soekarno membentuk
kabinet Republik Indonesia Serikat
dengan Muhammad Hatta sebagai perdana
menterinya tanggal penyerahan kedaulatan
oleh Belanda ini juga merupakan tanggal
yang diakui secara de jure oleh Belanda
sebagai tanggal kemerdekaan Indonesia
barulah sekitar 60 tahun kemudian
tepatnya pada 15 Agustus 2005 pemerintah
Belanda secara resmi mengakui bahwa
kemerdekaan de facto Indonesia bermula
pada tanggal 17-8-1945 dengan pengakuan
kedaulatan itu berakhirlah kekuasaan
Belanda across Indonesia dan berdirilah
negara Republik Indonesia Serikat sehari
setelah pengakuan kedaulatan ibu
negara pindah dari Yogyakarta ke Jakarta
kemudian dilangsungkan upacara penurunan
bendera Belanda dan dilanjutkan dengan
pengibaran bendera Indonesia
[Musik]
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