Basic Starting System
Summary
TLDRThis video delves into the intricacies of a car's starting system, detailing its components like the battery, ignition switch, neutral safety switch, starter relay, and battery cables. It explains the role of the starter motor, which is a powerful electric motor that initiates engine rotation, enabling the spark and fuel injection systems to operate. The video also covers the working principles behind the starting system, including the functions of the ignition switch, the importance of the neutral safety switch, and how the starter relay manages high electrical current. Additionally, it discusses the starter motor's operation, including the use of an overrunning clutch to prevent damage once the engine starts.
Takeaways
- 🔋 The starting system's primary components include the battery, ignition switch, neutral safety switch, starter relay, battery cables, and starter motor.
- ⚙️ The starter motor is a powerful electric motor designed to rotate the engine, initiating the spark and fuel injection systems to start the engine.
- 🔌 The automotive battery, typically a lead-acid storage battery, supplies the necessary current to the starter motor and other electrical systems in the vehicle.
- 🔑 The ignition switch has multiple positions, including lock, accessory, run, and start, each controlling the flow of electrical current to different parts of the vehicle.
- 🛑 The neutral safety switch prevents the starter from engaging if the transmission is not in neutral or park, ensuring safety during starting.
- 🔄 The starter relay is used to control a large amount of current with a small electrical signal, protecting the ignition switch from the high currents required to start the engine.
- 🔌 Battery cables are large, multi-stranded wires that carry the high current from the battery to the starter motor.
- 🏎️ The starter motor's pinion gear meshes with the engine's flywheel gear to turn the engine over, initiating combustion once the engine speed increases.
- ⚙️ The Bendix gear in the starter motor disengages the pinion from the flywheel gear once the engine starts to prevent damage from over-speeding.
- 🔧 There are two types of starter systems discussed: inertia and pre-engaged, each with its method of engaging and disengaging the starter motor's pinion gear.
Q & A
What is the primary function of the starter motor in a vehicle's starting system?
-The starter motor is an electric motor that rotates the engine to allow the spark and fuel injection systems to initiate the engine's operation under its own power.
Where is the starter motor typically mounted in a vehicle?
-The starter is generally mounted to the bottom, typically to one side of the vehicle's transmission bell housing, where it connects to the engine itself.
What is the role of the automotive battery in the starting system?
-The automotive battery supplies current to the starter motor, provides current to the ignition system while cranking, supplies additional current when demand exceeds the alternator's supply, and acts as an electrical reservoir.
How does the ignition switch distribute electrical current in a vehicle?
-The ignition switch allows the driver to distribute electrical current to where it is needed, with five key positions: lock, off, accessory, run, and start.
What is the purpose of the neutral safety switch in the starting system?
-The neutral safety switch opens to deny current to the starter circuit when the transmission is in any gear but neutral or Park, ensuring the starter will not engage unless the vehicle is in park or the clutch pedal is depressed.
How does a starter relay help in controlling the large amount of current needed to start an engine?
-A starter relay allows a small amount of electrical current to control a large amount of current. It is installed in series between the battery and the starter to manage the high current required to start the engine without overloading the ignition switch and wiring.
What are the functions of battery cables in the starting system?
-Battery cables are large diameter, multi-stranded wires that carry the high current necessary to operate the starter motor. They connect the battery to the starter, ensuring the flow of current required to start the engine.
How does the starter motor engage with the engine to start it?
-The starter motor has a small gear pinion attached to its end. When activated, this gear meshes with a larger gear ring attached to the engine, spinning the engine over so that the piston can draw in a fuel/air mixture to start the engine.
What is the purpose of the Bendix gear in the starter motor?
-The Bendix gear is a device that engages the starter motor's pinion with the gear ring on the flywheel only while the starter is turning the engine. It disengages as soon as the engine picks up speed, preventing the starter motor from being damaged by overspeeding.
How does the starter motor prevent damage from overspeeding once the engine starts?
-The starter motor is equipped with a freewheel clutch, similar to a bicycle's freewheel, which disengages the starter gear from the engine gear once the engine starts and begins to spin faster than the starter motor.
Outlines
🔋 Starting System Components and Their Functions
The first paragraph introduces the topic of the starting system in vehicles, detailing its components and their roles. It explains the function of the starter motor, which is an electric motor that engages with the engine's flywheel to initiate the engine's operation. The paragraph also describes the automotive battery, which is a lead-acid storage battery providing current to the starter motor and other systems. Additionally, it covers the ignition switch with its various positions, the neutral safety switch that prevents the starter from engaging unless the vehicle is in neutral or Park, and the starter relay that manages the high current required to start the engine. The battery cables, which are large and designed to carry high current to the starter motor, are also mentioned.
🔌 Detailed Operation of the Starter Motor and Its Mechanisms
Paragraph two delves deeper into the workings of the starter motor, describing it as a powerful electric motor with a small gear that meshes with a larger gear ring on the engine to spin the engine and initiate combustion. It explains the need for a heavy electric current, which is supplied through thick wires from the battery. The paragraph also discusses the use of a solenoid to handle the high current and the role of the starter switch, which is operated by the ignition key. The text further elaborates on the two types of starter disengagement mechanisms: the inertia system, which relies on the starter's resistance to turn, and the pre-engaged system, which uses a solenoid to engage the pinion gear. The paragraph concludes with a brief mention of the freewheel clutch that disengages the starter motor once the engine starts.
📺 Conclusion and Call to Action
The final paragraph serves as a conclusion to the video script, inviting viewers to engage with the content by liking, commenting, and subscribing. It encourages viewers to continue their interest in automotive systems and to stay connected for more informative content.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Starting System
💡Battery
💡Ignition Switch
💡Neutral Safety Switch
💡Starter Relay
💡Battery Cables
💡Starter Motor
💡Overrunning Clutch
💡Inertia Starter
💡Pre-engaged Starter
Highlights
Starting system components include the battery, ignition switch, neutral safety switch, starter relay, battery cables, and starter motor.
The starter motor is an electric motor that rotates the engine to initiate spark and fuel injection systems.
Automotive batteries, also known as lead-acid storage batteries, supply current to the starter motor and other systems.
The ignition switch has five key positions, including lock, accessory, and start, each controlling different electrical circuits.
The neutral safety switch prevents the starter from engaging unless the transmission is in Park or neutral.
A starter relay allows a small electrical current to control a large amount of current, necessary for starting the engine.
Battery cables are large diameter wires that carry high current to the starter motor.
The starter motor has a small gear that meshes with a larger gear ring on the engine's flywheel to turn the engine.
The working principle of the starting system involves turning the engine at a speed to suck in fuel and air into the cylinders.
A solenoid is used in the ignition switch to handle the high current needed to start the engine.
The starter motor has a device called a Bendix gear, which disengages the starter gear from the engine once the engine starts.
Inertia starters rely on the inertia of the pinion to engage with the flywheel gearing, while pre-engaged starters use a solenoid to engage the pinion.
The starter motor is protected from over-speeding by a freewheel clutch, which disengages the pinion when the engine starts.
The overrunning clutch, also known as Bendix drive, automatically disengages the starter gear when the engine starts.
The starter system's efficiency is crucial for the engine's operation, as it ensures the proper engagement and disengagement of the starter motor.
Proper maintenance of the starting system, including clean battery cable terminals and correctly adjusted switches, is essential for reliable engine starts.
The video provides a comprehensive overview of the starting system, including its components, working principles, and maintenance tips.
Transcripts
welcome
our topic for today is about starting
system in this discussion we covered
starting system components of starting
system battery ignition switch neutral
safety switch starter relay battery
cables starter motor working principles
starting system the starter motor is an
electric motor that rotates your engine
in order to allow the spark and fuel
injection systems to begin the engines
operation under its own power
typically the starter is a large
electric motor and stator coil mounted
to the bottom generally to one side of
the vehicle's transmission bell housing
where it connects to the engine itself
the starter has gears which mesh with a
large flywheel gear on the back side of
the engine which turns the central
crankshaft because this is a lot of
physical weight and friction to overcome
starter motors are generally powerful
high speed motors and use an ignition
coil to ramp up their power before
engaging components of starting system
battery the automotive battery also
known as a lead acid storage battery is
an electrochemical device that produces
voltage and delivers current in an
automotive battery we can reverse the
electrochemical action there by
recharging the battery which will then
give us many years of service the
purpose of the battery is to supply
current to the starter motor provide
current to the ignition system while
cranking to supply additional current
when the demand is higher than the
alternator can supply and to act as an
electric or reservoir
ignition switch the ignition switch
allows the driver to distribute
electrical current to where it is needed
there are generally five key switch
positions that are used one lock all
circuits are open no currents applied
and the steering wheel is in the lock
position in some cars the transmission
lever cannot be moved in this position
if the steering wheel is applying
pressure to the locking mechanism the
key might be hard to turn if you do
experience this type of condition try
moving the steering wheel to remove the
pressure as you turn the key to off all
circuits are open but the steering wheel
can be turned in the key cannot be
extracted 3 run all circuits except the
starter circuit are closed current is
allowed to pass through current is
supplied to all but the starter circuit
for start power is supplied to the
ignition circuit and the starter motor
only that is why the radio stops playing
in the start position this position of
the ignition switch is spring-loaded so
that the starter is not engaged while
the engine is running this position is
used momentarily just to activate the
starter 5 accessory power is supplied to
all but the ignition and starter circuit
this allows you to play the radio work
the power windows etc while the engine
is not running neutral safety switch
this switch opens denies current to the
starter circuit when the transmission is
in any gear but neutral or Park on
automatic transmissions this switch is
normally connected to the transmission
linkage or directly on the transmission
most cars utilize the same switch to
apply current to the backup lights when
the transmission is put in reverse
standard transmission cars will connect
this switch to the clutch pedal so that
the starter will not engage unless the
clutch pedal is depressed if you find
that you have to move the shifter away
from park or neutral to get the car to
start it usually means that the switch
needs adjustment if your car has an
automatic parking brake release the
safety switch will control that function
also started relay a relay is a device
that allows a small amount of electrical
current to control a large amount of
current an automobile starter uses a
large amount of current 250 plus amps to
start an engine if we were to allow that
much current to go through the ignition
switch we would not only need a very
large switch but all the wires would
have to be the size of battery cables
not very practical a starter relay is
installed in series between the battery
and the starter some cars use a starter
solenoid to accomplish the same purpose
of allowing a small amount of current
from the ignition switch to control a
high current flow from the battery to
the starter the starter solenoid in some
cases also mechanically engages the
starter gear with the engine battery
cables battery cables are large diameter
multi-stranded wire which carry the high
current to 50 plus amps necessary to
operate the starter motor some have a
smaller wire soldered to the terminal
which is used to either operate a
smaller device or to provide an
additional ground when the smaller cable
burns this indicates a high resistance
in the heavy cable care must be taken to
keep the battery cable ends terminals
clean in tight battery cables can be
replaced with ones that are slightly
larger but never smaller starter motor
the starter motor is a powerful electric
motor with a small gear pinion attached
to the end when activated the gare is
meshed with a larger gear ring which is
attached to the engine the starter motor
then spins the engine over so that the
piston can draw in a fuel / air mixture
which is then ignited to start the
engine when the engine starts to spin
faster than the starter a device called
an over running clutch Bendix drive
automatically disengages the starter
gear from the engine gear working
principles to make an engine start it
must be turned at some speed so that it
sucks fuel and air into the cylinders
and compresses it the powerful electric
starter motor Dizz the turning
it's shaft carries a small pinion gear
wheel which engages with a large gear
ring around the rim of the engine
flywheel in a front-engine layout the
starter is mounted low down near the
back of the engine the starter needs a
heavy electric current which it draws
through thick wires from the battery no
ordinary hand operated switch could
switch it on it needs a large switch to
handle the high current the switch has
to be turned on and off very quickly to
avoid dangerous damaging sparking so a
solenoid is used an arrangement where a
small switch turns on an electromagnet
to complete the circuit the starter
switch is usually worked by the ignition
key turn the key beyond the ignition on
position to feed current to the solenoid
the ignition switch has a return spring
so that as soon as you release the key
it springs back and turns the starter
switch off when the switch feeds current
to the solenoid the electromagnet
attracts an iron rod the movement of the
rod closes two heavy contacts completing
the circuit from the battery to the
starter the rod also has a return spring
when the ignition switch stops feeding
current to the solenoid the contacts
open in the starter motor stops the
return Springs are needed because the
starter motor must not turn more than it
has to in order to start the engine the
reason is partly that the starter uses a
lot of electricity which quickly runs
down the battery also if the engine
starts in the starter motor stays
engaged the engine will spin the starter
so fast that it may be badly damaged the
starter motor itself has a device called
a Bendix gear which engages its pinion
with the gear ring on the flywheel only
while the starter is turning the engine
it disengages as soon as the engine
picks up speed and there are two ways by
which it does so the inertia system and
the pre engaged system the inertia
starter relies on the inertia an opinion
that is its reluctance to begin to turn
the pinion is not fixed rigidly to the
motor shaft it is threaded onto it like
a freely turning nut on a very coarse
thread bolt
imagine that you suddenly spend the bulb
the inertia of the nut keeps it from
turning at once so it shifts along the
thread of the bolt when an inertia
starter spins the pinion moves along the
thread of the motor shaft and engages
with the flywheel gearing it then
reaches a stop at the end of the thread
begins to turn with the shaft and so
turns the engine once the engine starts
it spins the pinion faster than its own
starter motor shaft the spinning action
screws the pinion back down it's thread
and out of engagement the pinion
returned so violently that there has to
be a strong spring on the shaft to
cushion its impact the violent
engagement and disengagement of an
inertia starter can cause heavy wear on
the gear teeth to overcome that problem
the pre-engaged starter was introduced
which has a solenoid mounted on the
motor there's more to a car starter
system as well as switching on the motor
the solenoid also slides the pinion
along the shaft to engage it the chef
has straight splines rather than a bent
extrait so that the pinion always turns
with it the pinion is brought into
contact with the toothed drink on the
flywheel by a sliding fork the fork is
moved by a solenoid which has two sets
of contacts that close one after the
other
the first contact supplies a low current
to the motor so that it turns slowly
just far enough to let the pinion teeth
engage then the second contacts closed
feeding the motor a high current to turn
the engine the starter motor is saved
from over speeding when the engine
starts by means of a freewheel clutch
like the freewheel of the bicycle the
return spring of the solenoid withdraws
the pinion from engagement
you
if you enjoin reading and watching of
this video please like this video
rides a comment and don't forget to
subscribe thank you
تصفح المزيد من مقاطع الفيديو ذات الصلة
3 point starter | 3 point starter dc motor | three point starter of dc motor | three point starter
Single Phase Direct Online Starter DOL Wiring - Connections Explained and Setting the Overload
Why Motor Start in Star and Run in Delta| Star delta Starter| Why Motor Connected in Delta
How A Car Battery Works - basic working principle
Memperbaiki Sistem Kelistrikan - Teknik dan Bisnis Sepeda Motor
B 727 Powerplant - General
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)