MAKE BIOPLASTIC FROM TAPIOCA STARCH - MARINE ENVIRONMENT BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOPLASTIC MINI PROJECT)
Summary
TLDRThis video script introduces a DIY method to create biodegradable tapioca plastic using kitchen ingredients like starch, water, vinegar, glycerin, and food coloring. It explains the chemical process, including the use of vinegar to linearize the starch polymer and glycerin for flexibility. The script highlights the environmental benefits of biodegradability, contrasting traditional oil-based plastics with this new method that breaks down starch into simple sugars, a natural process facilitated by enzymes like amylase. The result is a non-toxic, BPA-free alternative to conventional plastics.
Takeaways
- 💡 Plastic is made up of long chains of polymers formed from small units called monomers.
- 🌱 Plastics are typically derived from oil and can take over 1000 years to decompose.
- 🚀 The video suggests engineering new materials that can break down more easily, inspired by how quickly fruits and vegetables decompose.
- 🍠 The DIY project involves creating a type of plastic from tapioca starch, a kitchen ingredient.
- 📐 Accurate measurements of tapioca starch and other ingredients are crucial for the process.
- 💧 Water is used to dissolve the tapioca starch, creating a mixture that forms the base of the bioplastic.
- 🍾 Vinegar is added to the mixture to break down the branches of the starch polymer, forming a linear polymer called amylose.
- 🍯 Glycerin is included to increase the flexibility of the plastic.
- 🎨 Food coloring can be added to the mixture to create a more visually appealing bioplastic.
- 🔥 Heat is applied to the mixture to thicken it and initiate the transformation into plastic.
- ☀️ The bioplastic needs to be dried under sunlight or left to dry for at least 24 hours to fully set.
- 🌿 The resulting bioplastic is biodegradable, contrasting with traditional oil-based plastics.
- 🧬 The bioplastic's degradability is due to its starch polymer composition, which natural organisms can break down into simple sugars.
- 🚯 Bioplastic is considered less toxic and does not contain BPA, a hormone disruptor found in some traditional plastics.
Q & A
What is the basic building block of plastic called?
-The basic building block of plastic is called a monomer.
How are monomers connected to form plastic?
-Monomers are connected to form long chains known as polymers, which group together to make up plastic.
What are the usual sources of plastic production?
-Plastic is typically made from oil.
How long does it take for plastic to break down?
-Plastic can take over 1000 years to break down.
What is the idea proposed to make plastic more environmentally friendly?
-The idea is to engineer new materials that can break down more easily, similar to how fruit and vegetables decompose.
What is the main ingredient used to make tapioca plastic in the script?
-The main ingredient used to make tapioca plastic is tapioca starch.
How much tapioca starch is needed to start making the plastic according to the script?
-25 grams of tapioca starch is needed to start the process.
What role does vinegar play in the plastic-making process described in the script?
-Vinegar is used to cut off the branches of the starch polymer, forming a linear polymer called amylose.
Why is glycerin added to the plastic mixture?
-Glycerin is added to make the plastic more flexible.
How long does it take for the bioplastic to dry completely?
-The bioplastic needs to be left under sunlight until it completely dries, which can take at least 24 hours or more.
Why is starch a good choice for making biodegradable plastic?
-Starch is a good choice because it is biodegradable and can be broken down by natural organisms into simpler sugars, which are a vital energy source for many living organisms.
What is the process by which enzymes break down the glycosidic bond between sugar monomers in starch?
-The process is called hydrolysis, where an enzyme called amylase fits between two monomers and a water molecule is absorbed to break the glycosidic bond.
What is the advantage of bioplastic over traditional plastic in terms of health and environment?
-Bioplastic is less toxic and does not contain BPA, a hormone disruptor often found in traditional plastic.
Outlines
🌱 DIY Tapioca Bioplastic Creation
The video introduces the concept of plastic and its environmental impact, highlighting the need for biodegradable alternatives. It explains the chemical composition of plastic, made from polymers formed by linking monomers, typically derived from oil. The script then suggests an innovative approach to create a bioplastic using tapioca starch, a kitchen ingredient. The process involves measuring out tapioca starch, adding water, vinegar, glycerin, and food coloring, followed by heating to form a plastic-like substance. The final product is a bioplastic that can be left to dry under the sun, showcasing a potential eco-friendly alternative to traditional plastics.
🌿 Understanding Biodegradability of Bioplastic
This paragraph delves into the biodegradability of the bioplastic made from tapioca starch, emphasizing its environmental benefits over oil-based plastics. It explains that starch, being a natural polymer, can be broken down by organisms into simpler sugars, which are an energy source for many life forms. The enzymatic process of hydrolysis, facilitated by amylase, breaks the glycosidic bonds between glucose monomers, thus degrading the starch. The video concludes by contrasting bioplastic with traditional plastic, noting the absence of harmful substances like BPA (bisphenol A) in bioplastic, and encourages viewers to try making their own bioplastic.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Plastic
💡Monomer
💡Polymer
💡Tapioca Starch
💡Biodegradable
💡Amylose
💡Glycerin
💡Hydrolysis
💡Enzyme
💡Bioplastic
💡BPA
Highlights
Plastic is made up of small units called monomers that form long chains known as polymers.
Plastics are typically derived from oil and can take over 1000 years to decompose.
The presenter suggests engineering new materials that break down more easily like fruits and vegetables.
A practical guide to making tapioca plastic using kitchen ingredients is introduced.
Instructions for measuring 25 grams of tapioca starch for the plastic-making process are given.
150 milliliters of tap water is required to dissolve the tapioca starch completely.
Adding one teaspoon of vinegar helps in forming a linear polymer called amylose from the starch.
Glycerin is added to make the resulting plastic more flexible.
Food coloring can be used to give the plastic an exciting color.
The solution needs to be heated and stirred continuously until it thickens.
Boiling the mixture for an additional minute after it thickens is part of the process.
The plastic mixture should be allowed to cool before being spread out to dry.
Sunlight or waiting for at least 24 hours is required for the bioplastic to dry completely.
Tapioca plastic is made from a biodegradable polymer, making it environmentally friendly.
The starch polymer is broken down by natural organisms into simple sugars, its monomer units.
Amylase enzymes help in the hydrolysis process, breaking the glycosidic bonds between sugar monomers.
Bioplastic is less toxic and does not contain BPA, a hormone disruptor found in traditional plastics.
The presenter encourages viewers to try making bioplastic at home.
Transcripts
hi everyone did you know we use plastic
for so many things
for example plastic bag water bottle
and food container with so much plastic
all around
us have you ever thought what is a
plastic
plastic is like a change of small unit
one of these with a unit is called a
monomer
each of these little unit or monomer
are connected to any monomer forming a
long chain
this change is called a polymer
these polymer chains group together and
then makes up the plastic
plasti are usually made from oil
plastic takes one 1000 years or more
to break down when we throw it away what
if we could engineer new materials
that could break down the plastic easier
well fruit and vegetable break down our
root
very easier when they left out over time
in fact they only take three or four
weeks
to break down when they are turned away
what if
we make plastic out of fruit and
vegetable
so today i'm going to make tapioca
plastic
by using kitchen ingredients and you can
do this yourself at home too
so first of all measure out 25 gram of
tapioca starch and add the starch into
the pot
to get an accurate measurement you can
use a digital scale
next add 150 milliliter of tap water
and stir it well
make sure this touch is completely
dissolved
you can add water little by little so
that this touch
does not clump
then add one teaspoon of vinegar
next add one teaspoon of glycerin
you can buy this glycerin at grocery
store or
pharmacy continue to stir the solution
next add a few drops of food coloring
to make a very exciting plastic
to get the solution to turn into plastic
i'm going to add heat
when you're doing this at home on the
stove be careful not to touch any hot
surface
or handle hot liquid directly stir
the solution continuously on heat
as heat start to thicken raise the heat
from low to medium up to high
once the mixture thickened allow the
solution
to boil on medium high heat for another
1 minute
allow the mixture to cool for a couple
of minutes
then scoop the mixture on the lid and
spread it out
put the mixture under the sunlight until
it completely dry or wait at least 24
hours
or more for the bioplastic to dry
so earlier i have talked about an
oil-based plastic
but now i'm going to talk about tapioca
plastic
the dried starch powder is abundant of
polymer
i add it to water to loose up those
bundle
some of this starch polymer has branches
on it
which make it difficult to form a good
pasti
i add a vinegar to cut off those
branches
and make a linear polymer called amilos
if i just made plastic from this linen
polymer amylose
i will get a very rigid plastic
so i add glycerin to make the plastic
more flexible
move back to my tapioca plastic when the
plastic is completely dry
you can pull it off the lid
i also made a different shape and color
for my bio plastic bowl
this is the result of the plastic that i
have dried for two days
now the key reason why i choose to use
starch as my polymer
is that it's biodegradable that means
natural organisms like bacteria are
capable of breaking down
the material into smaller parts in this
case
i take a polymer which is tapioca starch
and break it down into its monomer parts
in this case simple sugar sugar are a
vital energy source for all living
organisms
as a result many organisms from bacteria
to humans have
enzymes that break starch into simplest
sugar
the starch polymer is made up of change
of simple sugar monomers called glucose
the bond that connects them are called
glycosidic bond
an enzyme called amylase help break the
sugar apart from each other by fitting
between two monomers
a water molecule is absorbed in order to
break the glycosidic bond between two
monomers
in a process called hydrolysis
in conclusion bioplastic is less toxic
and does not contain bpa
a hormone disruptor that is often found
in traditional plastic
so don't forget to try it out bye
تصفح المزيد من مقاطع الفيديو ذات الصلة
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)