Telecurso 2000 - Manutenção - 25 Variadores e redutores de velocidade e manutenção de engrenagens

Soluções Bmalbert

19 Jul 201112:02

Summary

TLDRThis educational video script introduces viewers to the importance of preventive maintenance in mechanical equipment. It covers the functions and maintenance of speed variators and gear reducers, as well as the signs of gear defects and how to assemble and disassemble gears in mechanical sets. The script emphasizes proper lubrication, alignment, and periodic inspections to ensure equipment efficiency and longevity, providing a comprehensive guide for students and professionals in mechanical maintenance.

Takeaways

😀 The video is a professional development course module, specifically Teleaula number 25, focused on equipment maintenance.
🔧 The script covers preventive maintenance of equipment, starting with a practical demonstration of the process.
📚 Today's lesson introduces and explains the function and maintenance of speed variators, which are crucial for smooth changes in machine speed.
⚙️ The video discusses two main types of speed variators: belt transmission and friction wheel, each with its own method of operation.
👷‍♂️ Maintenance of speed variators includes proper care of elements like bearings and shafts, as well as overall system maintenance like alignment and lubrication.
🔄 The reducer is another key component explained, which is used to decrease machine speed, and the script details its maintenance process.
🦈 Understanding the correct disassembly and assembly of gear systems is vital, starting from the highest rotation axis and ending with the lowest.
🛠️ Gear maintenance involves avoiding sudden load changes, proper lubrication to prevent dry operation, and using the correct amount and type of oil.
🔍 The script identifies common gear defects such as pitting, scoring, and wear due to misalignment or overload, and the importance of early detection through symptoms.
🔨 During gear assembly and disassembly, it's important to avoid using a hammer and to use soft metal tools like a copper punch to prevent damage.
📈 The video concludes with the importance of monitoring the equipment during the first 50 hours of operation to ensure proper gear break-in and function.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the Teleaula number 25?
-The main topic of Teleaula number 25 is the preventive maintenance of equipment, focusing on speed variators, speed reducers, and gears.
Why is preventive maintenance important for equipment?
-Preventive maintenance is important to prevent equipment from making strange noises, potential defects, and to ensure smooth and efficient operation.
What are the two main types of speed variators mentioned in the script?
-The two main types of speed variators mentioned are transmission by belt and friction wheel variators.
How does a belt transmission speed variator change rotation?
-A belt transmission speed variator changes rotation by varying the diameter of contact between the belt and the pulleys.
What is the function of a speed variator in a machine?
-The function of a speed variator is to allow variation in the speed of the machine's other elements without impacts, smoothly and automatically adapting to each working condition.
What are the key maintenance considerations for speed variators?
-Key maintenance considerations for speed variators include caring for each element such as bearings and shafts, proper alignment and leveling, correct lubrication, and periodic inspections.
What is the purpose of a speed reducer in a machine?
-A speed reducer serves to reduce the machine's speed, typically using a set of gears or a worm gear set.
What should be done when disassembling a speed reducer and gears?
-When disassembling a speed reducer and gears, start with the highest rotation shaft and end with the lowest. Replace shafts and pins together, and ensure that conical crowns and pins are replaced in pairs.
What are some common symptoms of gear defects?
-Common symptoms of gear defects include noise, tooth wear, scoring, pitting, and backlash.
How should gears be handled during assembly and disassembly to ensure optimal performance?
-Gears should be handled with care, avoiding the use of hammers, and using soft metal tug tools. Proper lubrication should be applied during assembly, and the equipment should be monitored during the first 50 hours of operation.
What is the significance of understanding the symptoms of gear defects as mentioned in the script?
-Understanding the symptoms of gear defects is crucial for early detection and prevention of corrective maintenance, which is better than preventive maintenance.

Outlines

00:00

🔧 Preventive Maintenance and Equipment Care

This paragraph introduces a professional training module on equipment maintenance, specifically focusing on the 25th lesson. It covers various topics including the importance of preventive maintenance, the function and maintenance of speed variators, and the inspection and care of speed reducers and gears. The narrator describes a real-life scenario where a machine was making strange noises due to lack of maintenance, highlighting the significance of regular checks and oil cleanliness. The paragraph also explains the role of speed variators in machinery and the two main types: belt transmission and friction wheel variators, emphasizing the need for proper alignment, levelling, lubrication, and periodic inspections.

05:01

🛠 Gear Maintenance and Troubleshooting

The second paragraph delves into the specifics of gear maintenance, emphasizing the avoidance of sudden load changes and the importance of proper lubrication to prevent dry operation and ensure full tooth surface coverage. It discusses the correct amount of lubrication to avoid issues like turbine effect and overheating. The paragraph also covers the correct preload for bearings and backlash adjustments, as well as the importance of removing any solid deposits from the gearbox before operation. It outlines common gear defects such as wear due to interference, abrasive wear, material loss due to overload, fatigue fractures, and thermal treatment issues. The narrator provides symptoms of gear defects that can be observed during operation, such as noise, vibration, and scoring, and stresses the importance of preventive maintenance to avoid corrective actions.

10:02

🔄 Gear Assembly and Disassembly Techniques

The final paragraph of the script discusses the proper techniques for assembling and disassembling gears in mechanical sets. It advises against using hammers for gear removal and suggests using a puller or a hydraulic press to avoid damage. The importance of marking or sketching gear positions when there is no catalog or manual available is highlighted to prevent reassembly errors. The paragraph also touches on the initial lubrication of gears during assembly and the need for monitoring the equipment during its first 50 hours of operation to ensure smooth functioning and to observe any signs of wear or misalignment. The script concludes with a reminder to review the lesson's content and to complete study exercises to reinforce the knowledge gained.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Teleaula

Teleaula refers to a remote or online lecture, which is the format of the video in question. It is part of a professional training course with a total of 35 lessons, and this script pertains to lesson number 25. The video's theme revolves around maintenance, making 'Teleaula' a central concept for understanding the educational approach.

💡Maintenance

Maintenance in this context is the upkeep and servicing of machinery to prevent breakdowns and ensure efficient operation. The video emphasizes the importance of preventive maintenance, which is a key concept in the script, as it discusses various aspects of maintaining equipment such as variable speed drives and gear systems.

💡Variable Speed Drives

Variable Speed Drives are mechanical devices that allow for the adjustment of the speed of machinery without abrupt changes. They are highlighted in the script as essential components in machinery that require smooth and automatic adjustments to different working conditions. The video explains their function and the importance of their maintenance.

💡Reductores de velocidade

Reductores de velocidade, or speed reducers, are mechanisms that decrease the rotational speed of a machine. The script explains how they work in conjunction with variable speed drives and the importance of their maintenance, which is critical for the overall performance and longevity of machinery.

💡Engrenagens

Engrenagens, or gears, are fundamental components in machines, from small clocks to large airplanes. The script discusses the significance of gears in unified machine sets and the necessity of their maintenance to prevent issues such as wear, pitting, and misalignment.

💡Preventive Maintenance

Preventive Maintenance is the practice of servicing equipment before it fails to prevent breakdowns and prolong the life of machinery. The script uses the example of a machine that started making strange noises due to lack of preventive maintenance, illustrating the concept's importance.

💡Lubrication

Lubrication is the process of applying a substance to reduce friction between moving parts of machinery. The script mentions the correct lubrication as a crucial aspect of maintenance to prevent gears from working dry and to ensure the longevity of the equipment.

💡Alignment and Leveling

Alignment and Leveling are critical aspects of machinery maintenance that ensure components are correctly positioned relative to each other. The script discusses the importance of proper alignment and leveling for the effective operation and maintenance of variable speed drives and reducers.

💡Wear and Tear

Wear and Tear refer to the gradual deterioration of a machine's parts due to use. The script describes different types of wear such as scoring, pitting, and fatigue, which can occur in gears and other components if not properly maintained.

💡Symptoms of Defects

Symptoms of Defects are the signs that indicate a problem with machinery, such as noise, heat, or vibration. The script lists various symptoms that can be observed during the operation of gears and other machinery, which can help in identifying the need for maintenance.

💡Assembly and Disassembly

Assembly and Disassembly are the processes of putting together and taking apart machinery components, respectively. The script provides insights into the careful procedures required for assembling and disassembling gears in mechanical sets to ensure optimal performance and maintenance.

Highlights

Introduction to a professional training module with a total of 35 lessons, focusing on lesson number 25.

The importance of preventive maintenance for equipment, as demonstrated by the instructor working on machinery.

Explanation of variable speed drives, their purpose, and maintenance procedures.

Introduction to gear reducers, their function, and how to maintain them.

Understanding the symptoms of gear defects and their maintenance.

The process of assembling and disassembling gears in mechanical sets.

Case study of a machine making strange noises due to lack of preventive maintenance.

The significance of gears in machines, from simple clocks to large airplanes.

Types of variable speed drives: belt transmission and friction wheel transmission.

Maintenance tips for variable speed drives, including alignment, lubrication, and periodic inspections.

Detailed steps for disassembling and assembling gear reducers and gears.

The necessity of using the correct type and amount of lubrication for gears.

Avoiding gear defects by preventing sudden load changes and ensuring proper alignment.

Common gear defects such as wear, pitting, and scoring, and their causes.

Symptoms of gear defects that can be observed by machine operators to prevent corrective maintenance.

The process of assembling and disassembling gears with care to ensure better performance.

The importance of monitoring the first 50 hours of operation for new gears.

Review of the lesson's content, emphasizing the learned maintenance techniques for various mechanical components.

Encouragement to practice what was learned through exercises from the study book.

Closing remarks and sign-off for the Telecourse 2000 program.