PQ4R

Brandi Parsons

30 Mar 201602:01

Summary

TLDRDr. Monie Hayes introduces the PQ4R reading strategy in this mini-lesson for high school English students. The method includes previewing the text, asking questions to set a purpose, reading actively with periodic recitation and recap, and reviewing to consolidate understanding. This versatile technique is applicable to literature, nonfiction, and textbooks, enhancing comprehension and retention.

Takeaways

📚 Previewing: The first step is to preview the material, which includes looking at the table of contents and understanding how the book is organized.
🤔 Questioning: Engage in self-questioning to set the context and to connect the material with prior knowledge and personal opinions.
🔍 Reflecting: Reflect on the material, considering how it relates to what you already know and what your instructor might have mentioned in class.
📖 Reading: Read the material actively, stopping periodically to process the information and summarize what you've read.
🗣️ Reciting: Practice recitation to reinforce memory and understanding, which helps in identifying areas that may need further review.
🔄 Recapitulating: Summarize the main points in your head as you read to ensure comprehension and retention of the material.
🌐 Reviewing: After completing a section, review by flipping through the headings to create a mental outline of the text and its significance.
📘 Applicability: The PQ4R method is versatile and can be applied to literature, nonfiction, and textbooks.
🧠 Cognitive Engagement: The method encourages active cognitive engagement with the text, which is crucial for deeper understanding.
🔑 Key Strategies: The method involves key strategies like previewing, questioning, reflecting, reading, reciting, and reviewing to enhance reading comprehension.
🔍 Critical Thinking: Encourages critical thinking by prompting the reader to think about their existing knowledge and opinions before and during reading.

Q & A

What is the name of the reading strategy discussed in the minilesson?
-The reading strategy discussed is commonly referred to as PQ4R, which the speaker customarily uses.
What are the different names for the reading strategy mentioned in the script?
-The reading strategy is also known as PQ3R, S, Q, and various combinations of R's.
According to the script, what types of materials can the reading strategy be applied to?
-The reading strategy can be applied to literature, nonfiction trade books, and textbooks.
What is the first step in the PQ4R reading strategy?
-The first step is to preview the material, which involves looking at the table of contents and understanding how the book is organized.
What does the 'question' step in the PQ4R strategy involve?
-The 'question' step involves asking oneself about the direction of the reading, what they already know about the topic, and any background or opinions that might be relevant.
What is the role of 'reflection' in the PQ4R strategy?
-Reflection is part of the 'question' step, where one considers their existing knowledge, opinions, and any connections to what has been discussed in class.
What is the main action in the 'read' step of the PQ4R strategy?
-In the 'read' step, one should read the material, stopping periodically to recite or recapitulate in their head what has been read.
What is the difference between 'recite' and 'recap' as described in the script?
-Recite is a local action, where one summarizes what they have just read in their head. Recap is more global, where one reviews the material, possibly flipping through headings to get an outline in their mind.
How does the script suggest one should review after reading a chapter?
-The script suggests reviewing by flipping through the chapter, looking at headings, and getting an outline in the mind of what was read and what it means.
What is the purpose of the PQ4R reading strategy according to the script?
-The purpose of the PQ4R strategy is to enhance understanding and retention of the material by systematically previewing, questioning, reading, reciting, and reviewing.
Can you provide an example of how to apply the 'preview' step in the PQ4R strategy?
-An example of the 'preview' step would be to look at the table of contents of a textbook to understand the organization and to get a sense of what the book is about.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Reading Strategies

Dr. Monie Hayes introduces a set of reading strategies known as PQ4R or PQ3R, applicable to various types of literature and textbooks. The first step is 'Preview', which involves examining the book's structure, such as the table of contents, to understand its organization and content. This is followed by 'Question', where the reader contemplates the material's direction, their prior knowledge, and any relevant opinions or reflections, possibly echoing classroom discussions.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡PQ4R

PQ4R stands for Preview, Question, Read, Recite, and Review. It is a reading strategy designed to enhance comprehension and retention of information. In the video, Dr. Monie Hayes uses PQ4R to guide students through an effective approach to reading texts, which is central to the theme of improving reading comprehension in an educational setting.

💡Preview

Previewing is the initial step in the PQ4R method where a reader gets an overview of the material, such as looking at the table of contents or the back of the book. It sets the stage for deeper engagement with the text. In the transcript, Dr. Hayes emphasizes the importance of previewing to understand the organization and content of the book before diving into the details.

💡Question

Questioning is a part of the PQ4R method that involves formulating questions about the material before reading it in depth. This process helps readers to set a purpose for reading and to make connections with prior knowledge. Dr. Hayes mentions questioning as a way to anticipate where the reading is heading and to reflect on what the reader already knows about the topic.

💡Reflect

Reflection is the act of thinking deeply about the material and one's own thoughts and opinions regarding it. In the context of the PQ4R method, reflection occurs alongside questioning and is part of the initial engagement with the text. Dr. Hayes suggests reflecting on personal opinions and how the material relates to what has been discussed in class.

💡Read

Reading is the core activity of the PQ4R method, where the actual engagement with the text takes place. Dr. Hayes advises not to read straight through but to stop periodically to recite and recapitulate, which aids in understanding and memory retention. The act of reading is integral to the video's message about effective reading strategies.

💡Recite

Recitation in the PQ4R method refers to the practice of summarizing or repeating the information read in one's own words. This helps to reinforce the material in memory and is a local strategy that focuses on immediate comprehension. Dr. Hayes uses the term 'recite' to describe the process of internalizing the text as you read.

💡Recapitulate

Recapitulation is similar to recitation but involves a more comprehensive summary of the material read. It is a way to consolidate understanding and is part of the reading process. Dr. Hayes mentions recapitulating as a method to check for comprehension and to decide when to revisit certain parts of the text.

💡Review

Reviewing is the final step in the PQ4R method, where the reader goes back over the material to reinforce learning and to create a mental outline of the content. This global strategy helps in synthesizing the information and understanding its broader implications. In the script, Dr. Hayes suggests reviewing by flipping through headings to create an outline in one's mind.

💡Comprehension

Comprehension is the ability to understand and interpret what one reads. It is the ultimate goal of the PQ4R method and the central theme of the video. Dr. Hayes discusses various strategies within PQ4R that aim to improve a reader's comprehension of texts, such as previewing, questioning, and reviewing.

💡Textbook

A textbook is a comprehensive book used in an academic setting to present the core material for a course. In the context of the video, Dr. Hayes mentions that the PQ4R method works well for textbooks, which are a common type of reading material in educational programs and a focus of the high school English completion program.

💡Literature

Literature refers to written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit. In the transcript, Dr. Hayes notes that the PQ4R method can be applied to literature, indicating its versatility for different types of reading materials beyond just academic textbooks.

💡Nonfiction Trade Book

A nonfiction trade book is a book that presents real events, people, or facts, as opposed to fictional narratives. Dr. Hayes mentions that the PQ4R method can also be effective for nonfiction trade books, highlighting the strategy's applicability to various forms of reading material.

Highlights

Introduction to a follow-up minilesson for Kirkwood's high school English completion program.

Discussion of the PQ4R reading strategy, also known as PQ3R or SQ3R.

PQ4R's applicability to literature, nonfiction, and textbooks.

The first step in PQ4R: Previewing the text by examining the table of contents and book's organization.

Importance of understanding the book's content and structure during the preview stage.

The second step: Questioning oneself about the text's direction and personal background knowledge.

Incorporating reflection into the questioning process to enhance understanding.

Linking the text to instructor's comments and personal opinions during reflection.

The third step: Reading the text with periodic stops for recitation and recapitulation.

The technique of summarizing and recapping to check comprehension and identify areas for review.

Differentiating between local recitation and global review for effective learning.

The final step: Reviewing the chapter by flipping through headings to create a mental outline.

Importance of reviewing to solidify understanding and connect the text's meaning to oneself.

The PQ4R strategy as a comprehensive tool for improving reading and comprehension skills.

How PQ4R can be adapted for different types of reading materials and academic settings.

The significance of engaging with the text actively through PQ4R for better learning outcomes.

The potential impact of PQ4R on enhancing students' critical thinking and analytical skills.

Encouraging students to apply PQ4R in their independent reading for academic success.