central nervous system mcqs with answers | mcq on central nervous system | nervous system mcqs

Summary

This educational video script covers 25 multiple-choice questions on the human nervous system, focusing on its primary functions, components, and processes. It delves into topics such as neuron communication, neurotransmitters, the blood-brain barrier, and the roles of different parts of the brain and nervous system in regulating bodily functions. The script aims to prepare viewers for medical or nursing exams by testing their knowledge on essential neuroanatomy and physiology concepts.

Takeaways

• 📡 The primary function of the nervous system is communication, which involves transmitting signals and information between different parts of the body.
• 🌐 Dendrites are the structures of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them towards the cell body.
• 👀 The optic nerve is responsible for vision, transmitting visual information from the eyes to the brain.
• 🧠 The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, which are responsible for processing and integrating information.
• 🚀 Dopamine is a neurotransmitter associated with mood regulation and pleasure, playing a crucial role in the brain's reward system.
• 🛡️ Oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system form the myelin sheath, which insulates nerve fibers.
• 💓 The medulla oblongata is responsible for regulating basic physiological functions such as breathing and heart rate.
• 🏃‍♂️ The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements and sensory information, as opposed to involuntary actions and reflexes.
• 🛑 GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, associated with inhibitory signals.
• 🛡️ The blood-brain barrier protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood by selectively allowing certain substances to pass.
• 🔥 The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight or flight response, preparing the body for intense physical activity.

Q & A

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

The primary function of the nervous system is communication. It is responsible for transmitting signals and information between different parts of the body, allowing for communication and coordination.

Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?

Dendrites are the branching structures of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them towards the cell body.

Which cranial nerve is responsible for vision?

The optic nerve is responsible for vision. It transmits visual information from the eyes to the brain.

What does the central nervous system consist of?

The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, which are responsible for processing and integrating information.

Which neurotransmitter is associated with mood regulation and pleasure?

Dopamine is the neurotransmitter associated with mood regulation and the brain's reward system, influencing pleasure and motivation.

What is the myelin sheath formed by?

The myelin sheath is formed by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, which insulate nerve fibers.

Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating basic physiological functions such as breathing and heart rate?

The medulla oblongata is responsible for regulating basic physiological functions, including breathing and heart rate.

What is the function of the somatic nervous system?

The somatic nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary movements and sensory information.

Which neurotransmitter is associated with inhibitory signals in the brain?

Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.

What is the function of the blood-brain barrier?

The blood-brain barrier selectively allows certain substances to pass, protecting the brain from toxins and pathogens.

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the fight or flight response?

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight or flight response, preparing the body for intense physical activity.

What is the function of the cerebellum?

The cerebellum is primarily responsible for coordinating voluntary movements and maintaining balance.

What is the gap between two adjacent neurons where neurotransmitters are released called?

The gap between two adjacent neurons where neurotransmitters are released is called a synapse.

Parkinson's disease is associated with the degeneration of neurons that produce what?

Parkinson's disease is associated with the degeneration of neurons that produce dopamine.

What are the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems components of?

The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are components of the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary bodily functions.

Which part of the spinal cord is responsible for carrying sensory information to the brain?

The dorsal root of the spinal cord is responsible for carrying sensory information to the brain.

What is the process by which an action potential jumps from one node of Ranvier to another called?

The process by which an action potential jumps from one node of Ranvier to another is called saltatory conduction.

Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating body temperature, hunger, and thirst?

The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating body temperature, hunger, and thirst, playing a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis.

What is the space filled with cerebrospinal fluid that cushions and protects the brain called?

The space filled with cerebrospinal fluid that cushions and protects the brain is called the ventricles.

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the rest and digest response?

The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the rest and digest response, promoting relaxation and supporting digestive functions.

What is the condition characterized by sudden uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain known as?

The condition characterized by sudden uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain is known as epilepsy.

Which part of the brain is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as reasoning and problem-solving?

The frontal lobe is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as reasoning and problem-solving.

What hormone is released during the fight or flight response?

Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is released during the fight or flight response, preparing the body for action.

What is the main function of the blood-CSF barrier?

The main function of the blood-CSF barrier is to prevent the entry of red blood cells and large molecules into the cerebral spinal fluid.

Which part of the neuron conducts impulses away from the cell body?

The axon is the long slender extension of a neuron that conducts impulses away from the cell body.

Which neurotransmitter is associated with mood, sleep, and appetite regulation?

Serotonin is the neurotransmitter associated with mood, sleep, and appetite regulation.