Cenário da Infância e Adolescência no Brasil 2019

Summary

This presentation highlights the 2025 edition of the 'Cenário da Criança e do Adolescente no Brasil' report, which tracks key indicators affecting children and adolescents in Brazil. Key findings include rising poverty rates, especially in the North and Northeast, with over 60% of children under 14 living in poverty. Nutritional challenges, such as obesity and malnutrition, persist, and child mortality remains a concern. The report also covers slow progress in education, with limited access to daycare and persistent educational disparities. Furthermore, it sheds light on alarming issues like child labor, child marriage, and violence against minors, particularly sexual abuse and homicides.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Fundação Abrinq has been publishing a report on the situation of children and adolescents in Brazil since 2014, using key national indicators.
• 😀 The report focuses on 31 indicators, sourced from official national data, which are aligned with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• 😀 Poverty among children and adolescents in Brazil increased significantly from 2014 to 2017, with the poverty rate for those under 14 rising by 13.7%, much higher than the overall population growth of 4.4%.
• 😀 The northern and northeastern regions of Brazil have significantly higher poverty rates, with over 60% of children in these areas living in poverty, particularly in the northeast where nearly 70% are affected.
• 😀 Issues like malnutrition, obesity, and low weight are prevalent among children, especially in the northern and northeastern regions of Brazil.
• 😀 The child mortality rates in Brazil are still high, with the goal of reducing infant mortality to under 5 deaths per 1,000 live births by 2030, but current rates stand at 12.4 per 1,000.
• 😀 Avoidable deaths in children under one year are significant, particularly in the northeast, where health care improvements during pregnancy, childbirth, and neonatal care could reduce these deaths.
• 😀 Access to early childhood education remains a challenge, with only 27.8% of children under 3 years old enrolled in daycare as of 2017, far below the goal of 50% by 2024.
• 😀 Basic education quality varies across regions, with the Center-West being the only region to meet the goals for the later stages of elementary school, and none of the regions meeting the goal for high school.
• 😀 Violence against children, especially sexual violence, remains a serious issue in Brazil. The majority of sexual assault cases involve girls under 19, and subreporting means the actual numbers could be higher.
• 😀 Child labor persists in Brazil, with over 2.5 million children and adolescents working, particularly in the northern and southern regions, and the country faces the challenge of eliminating child labor by 2025 as part of the SDGs.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the report presented in the transcript?

The main focus of the report is to present key national indicators related to children and adolescents in Brazil, addressing aspects such as poverty, education, health, and violence.

How does the report relate to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?

Since 2017, the data in the report have been organized according to the SDGs, which are international goals Brazil committed to achieving by 2030, with a focus on improving conditions for children and adolescents.

What has been the trend in poverty rates in Brazil since 2014?

Poverty in Brazil was steadily decreasing until 2014. However, after 2015, the trend reversed, with poverty rising to 30.7% by 2017. The situation is particularly severe in the North and Northeast regions of the country.

How does child poverty compare to overall poverty in Brazil?

Child poverty has been growing faster than general poverty. Between 2014 and 2017, poverty increased by 4.4% for the general population, while for children under 14 years old, it grew by 13.7%. The North and Northeast regions are especially affected.

What are the nutritional challenges faced by children under 5 in Brazil?

Nutritional challenges include both undernutrition and obesity. As of the latest data, 7.1% of children under 5 are obese, with the Northeast having a higher percentage at 8.6%. Additionally, 3% of children under 5 have low weight, particularly in the North and Northeast.

What is the current situation regarding child mortality rates in Brazil?

Child mortality rates remain a significant challenge. The mortality rate for children under 1 year old is 12.4 deaths per 1,000 live births, and for children under 5, it is 14.4 per 1,000 live births. The North and Northeast regions have higher-than-average rates.

What can be done to reduce avoidable deaths in infants?

Investing in prenatal care, proper delivery assistance, and newborn care can significantly reduce avoidable infant deaths, as 56.3% of such deaths are preventable with better healthcare services.

What is the current state of access to early childhood education in Brazil?

Access to early childhood education, particularly for children aged 0-3 years, remains limited. Only 27.8% of children in this age group were enrolled in daycare in 2017, far from the goal of 50% by 2024, with the North and Northeast regions facing the greatest challenges.

How does the quality of education vary across Brazil?

While all regions met their goals for the early years of elementary education, none of the regions met the targets for the later stages of education. Only the Central-West region reached its goal for the final years of elementary school, and no region reached the target for high school education.

What is the status of sanitation in schools in Brazil?

Over 7,700 schools in Brazil lack access to sanitation facilities. The North region is especially affected, with 20.9% of these schools located there.

What are the key issues related to violence against children and adolescents in Brazil?

Key issues include high rates of sexual violence, particularly against girls, with 86.6% of reported rape cases involving victims under 19. Other serious concerns include child marriage, with 244 cases reported in 2016, and child labor, which remains widespread, especially in the North and South regions.