Terminal Pelabuhan – Terminal General Cargo – Bambang Triatmodjo

Summary

This lecture on port planning focuses on the essential aspects of terminal design and operations, covering different types of cargo such as general cargo, bulk cargo, and containers. Key facilities such as breakwaters, docks, and cargo handling equipment are explored, with a special emphasis on container and general cargo terminals. The lecture also includes an example of port layout, explaining the specific equipment and storage needs for different cargo types. Technical calculations for determining warehouse and yard space requirements are also demonstrated, providing practical insights into port terminal management.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video discusses port planning, focusing on port terminals and their facilities, particularly container terminals in Semarang.
• 😀 Ports must meet several essential requirements: calm waters, transportation connectivity, a suitable hinterland, sufficient water depth and channel width, cargo handling facilities, and storage areas.
• 😀 Key port facilities include wave breakers to protect the harbor from waves, docks, shipping channels, and specialized equipment like fenders and mooring tools.
• 😀 The layout of a port typically includes a wave breaker, docking areas, cargo handling zones, storage spaces, and offices, all designed to facilitate smooth cargo operations.
• 😀 Different types of cargo require different terminal facilities: general cargo, bulk goods, and containers, each requiring specific handling equipment like cranes, conveyors, and forklifts.
• 😀 Ports can have multiple terminals, with each designed for a specific type of cargo (e.g., container terminal, general cargo terminal, roll-on/roll-off terminal).
• 😀 Terminal layouts vary depending on the cargo type. For example, general cargo terminals require storage areas such as open storage yards and warehouses, while container terminals need container stacking yards.
• 😀 The terminal design at ports like the Sancai Port in Peru serves as an example, with distinct terminals for containers, roll-on/roll-off ships, dry bulk goods, and minerals.
• 😀 Facilities at general cargo terminals include aprons (wide flat areas for ships to dock), warehouses for weather-sensitive goods, and open storage for items less affected by weather.
• 😀 The video explains how to calculate the space needed for warehouses and open storage areas, based on cargo throughput, storage time, and stacking height. This helps determine the capacity of port storage areas.

Q & A

What are the essential facilities required for a port to function effectively?

The essential facilities for a port include calm water to prevent disruptions from waves, a connection between land and water transport, a good hinterland for logistics, sufficient channel depth and width, cargo handling equipment, and storage areas like warehouses and stacking yards.

What is the role of a breakwater in port infrastructure?

A breakwater serves to protect the port's waters from wave disturbances, ensuring calm and stable conditions for loading and unloading operations.

How are terminals at ports categorized based on the type of cargo?

Port terminals are categorized based on the type of cargo they handle, including general cargo (goods in bags, boxes, etc.), bulk cargo (both dry and liquid), and containerized cargo (goods in containers). Each type of cargo requires specific facilities and handling equipment.

What facilities are typically required for handling general cargo at a port terminal?

For handling general cargo, facilities typically include warehouses for weather-sensitive goods, open stacking areas for non-sensitive items, and loading equipment like cranes or forklifts for handling various types of goods.

What are the specialized facilities required for bulk cargo handling?

Bulk cargo handling requires specialized facilities such as conveyors or belt systems for dry bulk goods, and pipelines and pumps for liquid bulk cargo like oil or chemicals.

How are containerized cargo terminals structured in a port?

Containerized cargo terminals are equipped with container yards, cranes, and other specialized handling equipment to manage the loading, unloading, and storage of containers. These terminals are designed to efficiently handle large volumes of containers.

What is an 'apron' in the context of general cargo terminals?

An apron is a platform located at the dock, extending from the face of the quay to the warehouse or open stacking areas. It is used for the loading and unloading of cargo and typically has a width between 15 to 25 meters.

How does the layout of a port help in managing different types of terminals?

The layout of a port is designed to separate different types of terminals based on the cargo they handle. For example, container terminals, general cargo terminals, and bulk terminals are usually located in separate areas to optimize efficiency and prevent congestion.

Can multiple terminals be located within a single port?

Yes, multiple terminals can be located within a single port, with each terminal serving different types of cargo. These terminals can be arranged side by side or in separate zones, depending on the specific needs of the port.

How is the storage space for goods in a port calculated?

Storage space for goods in a port is calculated based on factors like the volume of cargo handled annually, transit time (the duration goods stay in storage), storage factor (the volume of space required per ton of goods), stacking height, and the amount of space needed for movement of equipment and sorting.