Colocação Pronominal [Prof Noslen]

Summary

In this educational video, the instructor breaks down the rules of 'colocação pronominal' in Portuguese grammar, focusing on the proper placement of object pronouns (pronomes oblíquos) relative to verbs. The instructor explains three main forms: próclise (before the verb), ênclise (after the verb), and mesóclise (within the verb), providing clear examples and rules for each. The video is filled with humor and practical examples, making the topic engaging and accessible for learners. The content is especially useful for understanding how object pronouns interact with adverbs, negatives, relative pronouns, and more in both spoken and written Portuguese.

Takeaways

• 😀 Colocação pronominal refers to the placement of object pronouns (me, te, se, etc.) in relation to the verb in a sentence.
• 😀 There are three main types of colocação pronominal: próclise (pronoun before the verb), ênclise (pronoun after the verb), and mesóclise (pronoun within the verb).
• 😀 Próclise is the most commonly used form and follows specific rules for when the pronoun must be placed before the verb.
• 😀 Words like negative adverbs (e.g., 'nada' – nothing) and affirmative adverbs (e.g., 'sempre' – always) attract the pronoun to precede the verb.
• 😀 Pronouns relative to a noun, such as 'que' (that), also attract the object pronoun to precede the verb.
• 😀 Indefinite pronouns like 'todos' (everyone), 'ninguém' (no one), and 'algum' (some) can cause the pronoun to precede the verb as well.
• 😀 In cases where there is a preposition before the verb, such as 'em' (in), the pronoun should come before the verb if it’s in gerund form.
• 😀 If the verb starts the sentence, the pronoun should come after the verb (ênclise). For example, 'Avisaram-me' (They told me).
• 😀 With infinitive verbs preceded by a preposition, the pronoun should be placed before the verb (mesóclise) in the structure.
• 😀 For future-tense verbs, the pronoun is placed in between the verb and the auxiliary (mesóclise), as in 'realizar-se-á' (it will be realized).

Q & A

What is 'colocação pronominal' in Portuguese grammar?

Colocação pronominal refers to the placement of object pronouns (me, te, se, etc.) in relation to the verb in a sentence. The pronoun can appear before, after, or in the middle of the verb, depending on specific grammatical rules.

What are the three main types of pronominal placement in Portuguese?

The three main types of pronominal placement are Próclise (pronoun before the verb), Ênclise (pronoun after the verb), and Mesóclise (pronoun in the middle of the verb).

What triggers Próclise (pronoun before the verb)?

Próclise is used when certain words, like negative adverbs (e.g., 'não', 'nada'), affirmative adverbs (e.g., 'sempre'), relative pronouns (e.g., 'que'), and some indefinite pronouns (e.g., 'ninguém', 'todos') precede the verb, attracting the pronoun.

Can you give an example of Próclise with a negative adverb?

Yes, an example would be: 'Nada me faz querer sair' ('Nothing makes me want to leave'). Here, 'nada' (nothing) attracts the pronoun 'me' before the verb.

What is Ênclise (pronoun after the verb) and when is it used?

Ênclise is used when the verb begins the sentence or when there is no preceding word that attracts the pronoun. The pronoun follows the verb in this case.

What is Mesóclise (pronoun in the middle of the verb) and where is it commonly used?

Mesóclise occurs when the pronoun is placed in the middle of a verb, typically in formal written language, especially in future tenses. It is less common in casual conversation.

What role do prepositions play in pronominal placement?

Prepositions can affect pronominal placement. If a preposition precedes a verb in the gerund form, the pronoun must be placed before the verb. For example, 'Em se tratando de facilidade' ('In terms of ease').

How does the beginning of a sentence affect pronominal placement?

If a sentence starts with a verb, Ênclise is used, and the pronoun follows the verb. For example, 'Avisaram-me' ('They warned me') is correct because the sentence begins with the verb.

What is the rule for pronominal placement with future tense verbs?

In the future tense, the pronoun typically goes in the middle of the verb (Mesóclise). For example, 'Realizar-se-á' ('It will be carried out'). This structure is used for formal or written language.

What are some common mistakes people make with pronominal placement in spoken language?

In spoken language, people often use Próclise (pronoun before the verb) more freely, but when writing formally, they should follow strict rules. For instance, 'Me avisaram' ('They warned me') is common in speech, but for formal writing, it should be 'Avisaram-me'.