ESQUENTA EDITAL MPU - POLÍCIA INSTITUCIONAL | Português: Verbos E Tipos De Vozes Verbais - Riverton

Summary

This educational video focuses on understanding various verb tenses and moods in Portuguese, including the subjunctive, indicative, and imperative. It offers tips for identifying verb conjugations, such as recognizing imperfect subjunctive forms and understanding the difference between personal and impersonal verbs. The speaker also explains how to spot past tenses using words like 'ontem' and describes how to identify the imperative mood through commands and requests. The session provides practical examples to help learners grasp these essential grammar concepts for better language comprehension.

Takeaways

• 😀 The subjunctive mood is used for hypotheses, desires, or non-reality scenarios, often expressing uncertainty or possibility.
• 😀 The indicative mood, in contrast, is used for statements of fact and certainty, such as when expressing something that is true or real.
• 😀 Verbs ending in *-ia*, *-va*, *-sse*, or *-sso* are part of the **pretérito imperfeito** (imperfect past), which indicates ongoing or habitual past actions.
• 😀 Verbs ending in *-ra* signal the **pretérito mais-que-perfeito** (pluperfect past), indicating an action that occurred before another past event.
• 😀 If you can add the word 'ontem' (yesterday) before a verb and it still makes sense, the verb is likely in the **pretérito perfeito** (simple past).
• 😀 The verb 'existir' (to exist) is a personal verb, meaning it must agree in number and gender with the subject, unlike the impersonal verb 'haver'.
• 😀 When the verb 'existir' is used, the subject (e.g., 'momentos') must be in the plural, as the verb agrees with it in number.
• 😀 The **imperative mood** is used for commands, requests, or orders. It is characterized by verbs that indicate direct instruction or demand, like 'vá' (go) and 'volte' (come back).
• 😀 In exam questions, paying attention to key indicators like verb endings and adverbs like 'ontem' can help quickly identify the correct verb tense.
• 😀 The **pretérito imperfeito** is used for actions that were continuous or repeated in the past, like 'gostava muito de conversar' (liked to talk).
• 😀 The **pretérito mais-que-perfeito** is used for actions that occurred before another past event, such as 'soubera substituir' (had known how to replace).

Q & A

What is the role of the subjunctive mood in Portuguese grammar as explained in the transcript?

The subjunctive mood is used to express hypothetical or uncertain situations, often tied to actions that are not guaranteed to happen.

How can you recognize the imperfect tense in Portuguese verbs?

The imperfect tense is typically identified by verb endings such as '-ia,' '-va,' '-sse,' '-ssa,' and '-sso,' which indicate ongoing or habitual actions in the past.

What is the difference between the verbs 'haver' and 'existir' in terms of grammatical agreement?

'Haver' is impersonal, meaning it is used in the singular and does not agree with the subject, while 'existir' is a personal verb and agrees in number and gender with the subject.

What is the rule for recognizing verbs in the future tense in Portuguese?

Verbs in the future tense often end in '-rá' and express actions that will happen after the present time.

What are the three key tips for identifying past tenses in Portuguese as mentioned in the video?

1. If the verb ends in '-ia,' '-va,' '-sse,' or '-sso,' it is in the imperfect tense. 2. If the verb ends in '-ra,' it is in the future of the past tense. 3. If the adverb 'ontem' (yesterday) makes sense before the verb, it indicates the preterite (past) tense.

What is the function of the imperative mood in Portuguese?

The imperative mood is used to give commands, requests, or instructions. It often involves a direct order or suggestion, like telling someone to do something.

How does the speaker suggest recognizing the indicative mood?

The indicative mood is used to express certainty or facts. In the transcript, the speaker emphasizes that the indicative mood reflects a known or guaranteed situation.

Why is the verb 'gostar' used in the imperfect tense in the sentence 'gostava muito de conversar e rir'?

'Gostava' is in the imperfect tense because it refers to a habitual action in the past, something that the speaker used to enjoy doing regularly.

How does the speaker explain the use of 'ontem' to determine the verb tense?

The speaker explains that if the word 'ontem' (yesterday) fits naturally before a verb, it indicates that the verb is in the preterite tense, which refers to completed actions in the past.

What is the significance of the mnemonic 'coroa' when identifying the imperative mood?

The mnemonic 'coroa' (crown) is used to remind students that the imperative mood is like giving a command or order, similar to how a king would issue instructions, reflecting authority and request.