Como é feito o tijolo #Boravê com Mari Fulfaro 🔵Manual do Mundo

Summary

This video provides an in-depth look at the intricate process of making bricks, starting from raw clay extraction to the final product. It covers the journey of clay from different mines, how it's mixed and processed with water, and shaped into bricks through specialized machinery. The video also highlights various techniques, including firing bricks in traditional and modern ovens, ensuring uniformity and strength. Viewers learn about different types of bricks produced, such as those used for walls, filling, and even for creating concrete beams. The video emphasizes the science behind brick-making and its significance in construction.

Takeaways

• 😀 Different types of clay are sourced from various mines, each with unique characteristics that affect the final product.
• 😀 Clay is a very fine part of the earth's soil, created through millions of years of erosion and geological processes.
• 😀 The composition of clay is constantly adjusted based on the type of clay delivered by trucks from the mine, ensuring optimal mix for ceramic production.
• 😀 The production process involves mixing clay with water, with up to 30% water content added to the formula.
• 😀 The clay mixture is processed through large machines that knead and refine it, removing any impurities, including metals with the help of an electromagnet.
• 😀 The clay mixture is then passed through a laminator, which forms it into a dough-like texture, ready for shaping into bricks.
• 😀 Bricks are formed into their shape using molds and are cut by wire into individual pieces while still soft and malleable.
• 😀 Waste material from the cutting process is recycled back into production, ensuring minimal waste in the system.
• 😀 The drying process is essential, with bricks being slowly dried in a high-humidity environment to prevent cracking before firing.
• 😀 Bricks are fired in large kilns, where they are subjected to temperatures of around 900°C, ensuring their strength and durability.
• 😀 Modern kilns use automated systems to maintain consistent temperatures and manage the addition of fuel, ensuring efficiency and quality in the firing process.

Q & A

What is the main raw material used in brick production?

The main raw material used in brick production is clay, which is sourced from different mines and varies in composition and color.

Why is clay mixed in specific proportions during the brick-making process?

Clay is mixed in specific proportions to achieve the right consistency and quality for brick production. The proportions may vary depending on the type of clay from each mine, which can differ in composition and moisture content.

What role does water play in the brick-making process?

Water is added to the clay mixture to form a dough-like consistency. It accounts for 20-30% of the final mixture and is essential for molding the clay into shape and ensuring it can be processed by the machines.

How is excess clay and impurities removed during the preparation stage?

Excess clay and impurities, such as metal particles, are removed using powerful magnets. Additionally, large chunks of clay are broken down through a grinding process.

What happens after the clay is mixed and shaped into bricks?

After the clay is mixed and shaped into bricks, they are dried in a chamber to remove excess moisture gradually. This step ensures the bricks are solid enough for the next phase of firing.

Why is the temperature in the kiln crucial during the brick firing process?

The temperature in the kiln is crucial because it ensures that the bricks are fired evenly and achieve the necessary hardness. The ideal temperature for firing bricks is around 900°C (1640°F), and it must be carefully controlled for consistent quality.

What is a 'forno garrafão,' and how does it work in the brick-making process?

A 'forno garrafão' is a traditional round-topped kiln used in brick production. It operates by heating the bricks with air that circulates inside, passing through multiple holes to ensure the heat reaches all the bricks evenly for uniform firing.

How does the more modern 'wagon kiln' differ from the traditional 'forno garrafão'?

The modern 'wagon kiln' is a more advanced system where bricks are placed on large carts that automatically enter the kiln. It is more efficient than the traditional 'forno garrafão' and uses wood to fuel the fire, offering more precise control over the firing process.

Can bricks be recycled, and if so, how?

Yes, bricks can be recycled. Broken or unused bricks are crushed and re-ground to be used again in the brick-making process, either in the same factory or on construction sites.

Do bricks have an expiration date, and how long can they last?

Bricks do not have an expiration date. They can last for centuries, with well-maintained bricks remaining durable for over 300 years, making them one of the most long-lasting construction materials.