"ORIENTASI, SIKAP DAN PERILAKU BERAGAMA", PSIKOLOGI AGAMA B, SAA UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA #psikologiagama

Summary

The lecture, addressing students in a religious psychology course, discusses the concepts of religious orientation, focusing on intrinsic and extrinsic motivations in religious behavior. The lecturer explains how people's intentions behind religious actions, like giving charity or performing Hajj, can be driven by pure faith (intrinsic) or for social status and external rewards (extrinsic). The discussion highlights research showing that extrinsic religiosity may correlate with higher prejudice, while intrinsic faith promotes more genuine and empathetic behavior. The lecture concludes with a reflection on personal religious practices and the importance of sincerity in one's faith.

Takeaways

• 🕌 The lecture begins with a prayer and greetings, expressing gratitude for health and the opportunity to continue the course online.
• 📖 The topic of discussion continues from the previous week, focusing on religious orientation, attitude, and behavior in the context of psychology.
• 🙏 Religious orientation can be divided into two types: intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic orientation refers to people practicing religion for its true spiritual purpose, while extrinsic orientation refers to people using religion for external benefits like social status.
• 💡 Intrinsic religious individuals follow religious practices purely for the sake of their faith and devotion to God, such as going on Hajj purely as a religious obligation.
• 💼 Extrinsic religious individuals may engage in religious activities for worldly gains, such as using Hajj to gain political power or social recognition.
• 📊 The concept of intrinsic vs. extrinsic religion is often studied in psychology using empirical methods, with notable contributions from researchers like Allport and Spilka.
• 🔄 It is possible for someone's religious orientation to change from extrinsic to intrinsic during their religious journey, as seen in examples like Hajj.
• ⚖️ The distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic orientation is not always clear-cut, as people can have mixed motivations (both intrinsic and extrinsic) for their religious practices.
• 🧠 Research shows that individuals with intrinsic religious orientation tend to have lower levels of prejudice, while those with extrinsic orientation may exhibit higher levels of prejudice.
• 🔎 The paradox of religious practice is discussed, where some people who are highly involved in religious activities may still show prejudice or self-righteousness, which contradicts the core teachings of empathy and humility in religion.

Q & A

What is the main theme of the lecture in this script?

The main theme of the lecture is the orientation, attitudes, and religious behaviors, specifically focusing on the psychological aspects of intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientations.

What are intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientations?

Intrinsic religious orientation refers to practicing religion sincerely for spiritual fulfillment, while extrinsic religious orientation involves using religion for personal gain, such as status or security.

How does the lecturer describe the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientations in terms of Hajj pilgrimage?

The lecturer explains that an intrinsic orientation for Hajj means performing it solely for the sake of Allah (lillahi ta'ala), while an extrinsic orientation involves performing Hajj for worldly benefits, such as gaining social status or political advantage.

Can a person's religious orientation change over time according to the lecture?

Yes, the lecturer suggests that someone's orientation can shift from extrinsic to intrinsic through personal experiences, such as performing Hajj, where initial worldly motivations may transform into spiritual fulfillment.

What is the 'Grand Paradox' mentioned in the lecture?

The 'Grand Paradox' refers to the phenomenon where individuals who frequently participate in religious activities, like attending church or mosque, can also display higher levels of prejudice and judgmental attitudes toward others, which contradicts the core values of empathy and compassion taught by religion.

What research is cited regarding the relationship between religious attendance and prejudice?

The lecturer refers to research from the 1940s and 1950s that found a correlation between regular church attendance and higher levels of prejudice, particularly in religious contexts where people see themselves as more righteous or superior to others.

How does the lecturer explain the relationship between intrinsic/extrinsic orientations and prejudice?

The lecturer explains that individuals with an intrinsic religious orientation tend to have lower levels of prejudice, while those with an extrinsic orientation are more likely to hold prejudiced views, as they use religion for social or personal gain.

What does the lecturer suggest about people who practice religion inconsistently?

The lecturer suggests that inconsistent religious practice, or 'hit and miss' behavior, tends to be associated with higher levels of prejudice, as these individuals often have a limited understanding of their faith, which they may use to judge others.

How does the lecture address the issue of people using religion for status or personal gain?

The lecturer highlights that individuals who use religion for status or personal gain, such as adding the title 'Haji' for political or social recognition, exemplify extrinsic religious orientation. These individuals often derive comfort, security, or prestige from their religious acts rather than genuine spiritual devotion.

What is the lecturer’s advice for students regarding their own religious orientation?

The lecturer encourages students to reflect on their own religious orientation and strive to align their religious practices more toward intrinsic motivation, focusing on sincere devotion to God rather than seeking worldly benefits.