Dr. Jüergen Schmidhuber Keynote - Global AI Summit 2022

Summary

The speaker reflects on the significant advancements in AI over the past decade, highlighting breakthroughs in machine learning and deep learning that have improved healthcare, particularly in cancer detection, and enabled superhuman computer vision and self-driving cars. The evolution of neural networks, from their inception to the development of LSTM networks, is emphasized, along with the potential for AI to transform industries and enhance human life, promising a future where AI benefits all.

Takeaways

• 🏆 Victory in a machine learning competition 10 years ago marked a milestone in AI's role in healthcare, particularly in cancer detection.
• 🧠 The AI's ability to classify cells in breast tissue, a task usually requiring a trained histologist, demonstrates the power of deep learning and artificial neural networks.
• 💰 A significant decrease in computing costs has made AI more accessible and powerful, enabling advances in healthcare and other fields.
• 🚀 The progress in AI and machine learning has been rapid, with capabilities increasing exponentially over the past decades.
• 👁️ Superhuman computer vision, demonstrated in a traffic sign recognition competition, has implications for fields like self-driving cars.
• 🚗 Self-driving cars have evolved from the 1980s without GPS to today's versions enhanced by deep learning for better pattern recognition.
• 🔄 The development of LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) networks has revolutionized sequence processing, impacting speech recognition and more.
• 📱 LSTM networks are now in billions of smartphones, enabling features like Google's speech recognition.
• 🎮 AI's ability to learn without a teacher, as demonstrated by LSTM combined with policy gradients, has led to the creation of world-class artificial video game players.
• 🌐 AI's role in healthcare continues to expand, with applications in managing diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular conditions.
• 🌟 The future of AI is bright, with the potential to transform the world significantly and improve human lives in numerous ways.

Q & A

What significant achievement in machine learning was celebrated a few days ago in the transcript?

The significant achievement celebrated was a 10-year-old victory in a machine learning competition focused on cancer detection. The AI, through deep learning and artificial neural networks, learned to classify cells in a female breast as either dangerous pre-cancer stage cells or normal cells.

How has the cost of compute changed since the AI's development 10 years ago?

The cost of compute has decreased significantly, making it 100 times cheaper than it was 10 years ago. This has allowed for greater advancements and accessibility in AI technologies.

What role does deep learning play in healthcare according to the transcript?

Deep learning plays a crucial role in healthcare by not only aiding in cancer detection but also in various other aspects. It has contributed to making human lives longer, healthier, and has been integrated into many healthcare systems.

What was the significance of the superhuman computer vision result mentioned in the transcript?

The superhuman computer vision result, achieved when compute was more than 100 times more expensive than today, was significant because it demonstrated the ability of AI to recognize traffic signs in Silicon Valley, outperforming the second-best competitor and humans. This was an important milestone for technologies such as self-driving cars.

How has the development of self-driving cars evolved since the 1980s?

Self-driving cars have come a long way since the 1980s. The first self-driving cars appeared in the late 80s without GPS or any assistance, and by 1994, they were able to navigate highway traffic at speeds of up to 180 kilometers an hour. Today's self-driving cars are more reliable, thanks to advancements in deep learning and pattern recognition.

What is the significance of the long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network?

The LSTM neural network is significant because it handles sequential data processing, which is fundamental to understanding the world through video and sound. It has been integrated into billions of smartphones for speech recognition and is widely used by companies like Google.

How has AI contributed to language translation on platforms like Facebook?

AI, specifically the LSTM neural network, has enabled the translation of one language to another with high proficiency. Facebook uses this technology to translate 30 billion messages per week, showcasing the commercial and practical applications of AI in language processing.

What is the potential future impact of AI on sustainable cities and Vision 2030?

AI's role in traffic management and healthcare is expected to be super important for sustainable cities like Neon and others. It aligns with Vision 2030 by optimizing industrial processes, logistics, and material management, contributing to the development of more efficient and livable urban environments.

How does the concept of AI learning without a teacher work?

AI can learn without a teacher through methods like policy gradients combined with LSTM. This allows AI to explore and learn complex tasks through self-discovery, setting its own goals, and conducting its own experiments, leading to continuous improvement in problem-solving abilities.

What is the historical context of neural networks mentioned in the transcript?

The historical context of neural networks spans over 200 years, starting with linear regression. Significant advancements were made in the 20th century, including the development of deep learning, backpropagation, and LSTM networks, which laid the foundation for modern AI technologies.

What is the expected future of computation and AI based on the transcript?

The future of computation and AI is expected to be revolutionary. In the near future, computational devices may match the human brain's capacity. Over the next 50 years, a device could potentially compute as much as all human brains combined, leading to transformative changes in society and technology.