CARA BUDIDAYA JAMUR MERANG MEDIA JERAMI || DENGAN MUDAH

AGROPEDIA

18 Dec 202208:42

Summary

TLDRThis video offers a comprehensive guide on cultivating the popular Merang mushroom (Volvariella volvacea), a sought-after vegetable in Asia, particularly Japan and Indonesia. It covers the mushroom's nutritional benefits and its stable market demand. The tutorial includes steps for building a cultivation chamber, selecting high-quality spores, preparing the growing medium using materials like coconut husk and dolomite, and maintaining optimal conditions for growth. It also details the composting process, seeding, and harvesting techniques, ensuring viewers can successfully grow top-quality Merang mushrooms.

Takeaways

🍄 **Mushroom Cultivation Introduction**: The video introduces mushroom cultivation, specifically focusing on the popular Merang mushroom (Volvariella volvacea), which is favored in Asian countries like Japan and Indonesia.
🌱 **Nutritional Value**: Merang mushrooms are highlighted for their rich nutritional content, making them a healthy vegetable choice.
💼 **Business Potential**: Cultivating Merang mushrooms is presented as a promising business opportunity due to stable demand and its status as a staple food.
🏡 **Cultivation Space**: The video explains the necessity of a controlled environment, known as a 'kumbung', for mushroom cultivation, which can be made from materials like steel or bamboo with plastic walls.
🌡️ **Temperature Control**: It's emphasized that maintaining an ideal temperature of 32-34 degrees Celsius is crucial for the growth of Merang mushrooms.
🌱 **Spore Selection**: Selecting high-quality spores is essential for cultivating the best quality Merang mushrooms, and the video provides methods for selecting and preparing these spores.
🌿 **Cultivation Media**: The use of straw (jerami), kapas, and onggok as cultivation media is detailed, with instructions on how to prepare and layer these materials.
🔄 **Composting Process**: A thorough explanation of the composting process for the cultivation media is provided, including the turning and watering stages to ensure proper decomposition.
📏 **Media Dimensions**: Specific dimensions for the cultivation media are given, such as a height of 1.5 cm, width of 2.5 meters, and length of 4 meters.
💧 **Moisture Maintenance**: The importance of maintaining proper moisture levels in the cultivation media is stressed to ensure the mushrooms receive adequate water.
📆 **Harvesting Time**: The video outlines the optimal time for harvesting Merang mushrooms, which is after 10 to 12 days, and advises on how to properly harvest them.

Q & A

What is the scientific name of Merang mushrooms?
-The scientific name of Merang mushrooms is Volvariella volvacea.
Why are Merang mushrooms popular in Asia, particularly in Japan and Indonesia?
-Merang mushrooms are popular in Asia, especially in Japan and Indonesia, because they are a type of mushroom that resembles an umbrella and contains many nutrients needed by the body.
What are the benefits of cultivating Merang mushrooms as a business?
-Cultivating Merang mushrooms is a promising business because the demand for mushrooms is always stable and rarely decreases, as mushrooms have become one of our staple foods.
How can mushrooms grow, and what type of plants are they?
-Mushrooms can grow both asexually and sexually and belong to the group of plants that have cells with nuclei but lack chlorophyll.
What are the materials needed to create a cultivation chamber for Merang mushrooms?
-To create a cultivation chamber, or 'kumbung', for Merang mushrooms, you can use materials like iron or bamboo with plastic walls. It should be equipped with electric blowers for air circulation and heating devices to maintain the ideal temperature.
What is the ideal size for the cultivation chamber for Merang mushrooms?
-The ideal size for the cultivation chamber is approximately 2.5 meters in height, 4 meters in length, and 6 meters in width, with two rows of iron or bamboo racks, each equipped with 3 to 5 tiers.
How should you select the best spores for cultivating Merang mushrooms?
-To select the best spores for cultivating Merang mushrooms, you can purchase them or take samples from Merang mushroom plants in the field. Then, cut and sterilize the mushrooms with hot water, mix them with raw spawn, and observe for white mycelium growth after 2-4 days.
What type of substrate is used for the cultivation of Merang mushrooms?
-The substrate used for the cultivation of Merang mushrooms is usually straw, kapok, or dolomite, which should be layered and moistened to support the growth of the mushrooms.
What is the process of turning the substrate for optimal composting?
-The process of turning the substrate involves allowing it to sit for two days, then turning it to ensure proper composting. This should be repeated after another two days, and the substrate should turn into a dark brown color with a moisture content of 65% to 75% and a soft texture.
How should the substrate be arranged in the cultivation chamber?
-The substrate should be arranged on the racks within the cultivation chamber, with a thicker layer at the bottom. It should be spread evenly and covered with plastic to ensure proper composting.
What is the proper care for Merang mushrooms during cultivation?
-Proper care for Merang mushrooms includes maintaining the temperature and humidity in the cultivation chamber, regularly spraying water, and cleaning by removing different types of mushrooms that may grow alongside Merang mushrooms.
How long does it take for Merang mushrooms to be ready for harvest?
-Merang mushrooms are ready for harvest when they are 10 to 12 days old, with the characteristic of having open caps. They should be gently turned rather than pulled.

Outlines

00:00

🍄 Mushroom Cultivation Introduction

This paragraph introduces the video's focus on cultivating the Merang mushroom, scientifically known as Volvariella volvacea, which is popular among vegetable enthusiasts, especially in Asia, notably Japan and Indonesia. The Merang mushroom is highlighted for its nutritional benefits and its stable demand in the market, making it a promising business opportunity. The video promises to guide viewers on how to cultivate this mushroom using a straw-based medium, ensuring the best quality mushrooms can be grown at home. The importance of maintaining optimal temperature and humidity for the mushroom's growth is also mentioned.

05:02

🌱 Preparing for Mushroom Cultivation

The second paragraph delves into the preparation process for mushroom cultivation. It emphasizes the selection of high-quality spores or mushroom plants for the best yield. The process involves cutting and sterilizing the mushroom pieces in hot water, then mixing them with raw manure and clean water. The success of the spore cultivation is indicated by the appearance of white mycelium within 2-4 days. The paragraph also covers the preparation of the growth medium using materials like straw, kapas, and dolomite, with detailed instructions on layering and watering to ensure proper composting. The ideal conditions for the medium, such as color, moisture content, and texture, are described, along with the steps for placing the medium in the cultivation chamber and the initial care instructions for the mushroom.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Volvariella volvacea

Volvariella volvacea, also known as 'jamur merang' in Indonesian, is a popular mushroom species that resembles an umbrella. It is highly valued among vegetable enthusiasts, particularly in Asian countries like Japan and Indonesia. The video emphasizes its popularity and nutritional benefits, positioning it as a key ingredient in various dishes and a promising business opportunity due to its stable demand.

💡Mushroom cultivation

Mushroom cultivation is the process of growing mushrooms, which is the main theme of the video. It involves creating optimal conditions for the growth of specific mushroom species, such as Volvariella volvacea. The video provides an overview of the steps and considerations for cultivating this mushroom, highlighting it as a business opportunity with a stable market demand.

💡Nutritional benefits

The video mentions that mushrooms are rich in nutrients needed by the body, making them a healthy addition to one's diet. This keyword underscores the health benefits of consuming mushrooms, which is a significant aspect of the video's message promoting mushroom cultivation as a beneficial practice.

💡Business opportunity

The video positions mushroom cultivation as a promising business opportunity due to the stable demand for mushrooms. It suggests that cultivating mushrooms like Volvariella volvacea can be a profitable venture, as they are a staple food in many cuisines and are used in various dishes in eateries and restaurants.

💡Asexual and sexual reproduction

Mushrooms can reproduce both asexually and sexually, which is a biological characteristic mentioned in the video. This keyword is relevant to understanding the life cycle of mushrooms and how they can be propagated for cultivation purposes.

💡Media for cultivation

The term 'media' in the context of the video refers to the substrate or growing material used for mushroom cultivation. The video discusses using materials like straw, cotton seed hulls, and dolomite to create a suitable environment for the growth of Volvariella volvacea. This is a crucial aspect of the cultivation process.

💡Sterilization

Sterilization is a process mentioned in the video to ensure that the mushroom spores or cuttings are free from contaminants. It is an essential step in the cultivation process to prevent diseases and ensure healthy mushroom growth.

💡Temperature and humidity control

The video emphasizes the importance of maintaining optimal temperature and humidity levels for mushroom cultivation. These environmental factors are critical for the growth and development of mushrooms, and the video provides specific temperature ranges and humidity levels that are ideal for Volvariella volvacea.

💡Spawning

Spawning in mushroom cultivation refers to the process of introducing mushroom spores or mycelium to the growing medium. The video describes how to prepare and use spawn for Volvariella volvacea, which is a key step in initiating the growth of mushrooms.

💡Harvesting

Harvesting is the process of collecting the mature mushrooms. The video provides guidelines on when and how to harvest Volvariella volvacea, indicating that it is ready for harvest when the caps are fully open. Proper harvesting techniques are essential to ensure the quality of the mushrooms and to prepare for subsequent growth cycles.

Highlights

Introduction to mushroom cultivation and its benefits

Emphasis on the popularity of Volvariella volvacea (Merak mushroom) in Asia

Nutritional value of mushrooms and their importance in human diet

The business potential of mushroom cultivation due to stable demand

Mushrooms' ability to grow asexually and sexually

Explanation of mushroom cultivation media using straw

Step-by-step guide to creating a mushroom cultivation chamber

Recommendation for a permanent cultivation chamber with specific dimensions

Importance of controlling temperature and humidity for mushroom growth

Instructions on selecting high-quality mushroom spawn

Process of preparing mushroom spawn using sterilized water and raw spawn

Signs of successful spawn cultivation

Preparation of the growth medium using straw, kapas, and dolomite

Layering technique for the growth medium

Process of turning the growth medium to facilitate composting

Characteristics of a well-composted growth medium

Instructions for placing the growth medium in the cultivation chamber

Care instructions for maintaining temperature and humidity during cultivation

Harvesting Merak mushrooms at the right age with proper techniques

Cleaning and maintaining the growth medium after harvest

Encouragement to watch more informative videos on the Agropedia channel