What is the Internet of Things (IoT)?
Summary
TLDRIn this video, Gary Sims from Android Authority explores the Internet of Things (IoT), a global network that extends beyond human communication to interconnected devices, or 'things,' equipped with sensors. These devices collect and transmit data, leading to smarter homes and cities. Gary discusses the challenges of IoT, including technological hurdles, big data processing, and security concerns. He highlights Samsung's ambitious plan for IoT-enabled products and ARM's mbed OS, designed for low-power IoT devices. The video also touches on M2M communication and the potential of IoT in large-scale projects, emphasizing the transformative yet complex nature of this technology.
Takeaways
- 🌐 The Internet of Things (IoT) is a global network that extends the internet's reach beyond people and computers to everyday objects equipped with sensors.
- 📱 IoT devices, like smart thermostats and traffic monitors, collect data and transmit it to the cloud for analysis and decision-making.
- 🚀 IoT is poised to transform personal and professional lives, with more 'things' potentially outnumbering people on the internet.
- 🛠️ Technological challenges in IoT include hardware and software issues such as battery life, maintenance, interoperability, and compatibility.
- 🔒 Security and privacy are significant concerns as IoT devices can be vulnerable to hacking, as demonstrated by incidents involving webcams and baby monitors.
- 💡 Samsung has ambitious plans for IoT, aiming for all its products to be IoT-enabled within five years, with 90% connectivity by 2017.
- 📊 Big data is a critical component of IoT, requiring robust systems to process vast amounts of data for meaningful insights and actions.
- 🏗️ Smart cities and large-scale IoT projects hold significant potential for efficiency and cost savings but also present complex implementation challenges.
- 🛠️ ARM's mbed OS is a free operating system designed to facilitate the development of IoT devices, supporting various communication protocols and low power operations.
- 🔄 IoT's structure typically involves sensors transmitting data to a gateway device, which then sends it to the cloud for further processing and control.
- 🌟 The future of IoT is expected to bring seamless experiences and significant innovation, with potential for both consumer and large-scale industrial applications.
Q & A
What is the Internet of Things (IoT)?
-The Internet of Things refers to the network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and other items embedded with sensors, software, and network connectivity that enables these objects to collect and exchange data.
What are the three major actors that make up the internet as traditionally understood?
-The three major actors traditionally making up the internet are people, client devices they use, and servers.
What is a 'thing' in the context of the Internet of Things?
-In the context of IoT, a 'thing' is any object that has a sensor attached to it, capable of transmitting data from that sensor into the internet or the cloud for analysis and decision-making.
What are some examples of sensors used in IoT devices?
-Examples of sensors in IoT devices include temperature sensors, traffic sensors, flow rate sensors, and energy usage monitors.
How does the data from IoT devices typically flow?
-Data from IoT devices typically flows from the sensors to more complex devices or IoT gateways, then to the cloud, where it can be analyzed and used for decision-making.
What are the challenges faced by the IoT ecosystem?
-Challenges faced by IoT include technological issues like hardware and software limitations, big data concerns, security and privacy issues, and the need for seamless consumer experiences.
What did Samsung's co-CEO announce regarding IoT at CES 2015?
-Samsung's co-CEO announced that all Samsung products would be Internet of Things enabled within 5 years, with 90% of their products expected to connect to the web by 2017.
What is mbed OS and why is it significant for IoT devices?
-mbed OS is a free operating system designed for ARM's Cortex M range of microcontrollers, supporting various IoT protocols. It's significant for IoT devices because it's designed to be low power, event-driven, and suitable for devices with limited resources.
What is an IoT Gateway and why is it important?
-An IoT Gateway is a dedicated device that acts as a bridge between IoT devices and the internet, often handling data transmission and processing before sending it to the cloud. It's important because many sensors do not have direct internet connections and rely on the gateway for connectivity.
What are the security concerns associated with the growth of IoT devices?
-Security concerns with IoT devices include the potential for hacking and unauthorized access, as demonstrated by incidents involving webcams and baby monitors being compromised.
What is M2M communication in the context of IoT?
-M2M communication in IoT refers to the interaction between connected devices and the cloud, including how these devices are managed and the protocols used for data transmission and device management.
How does IoT potentially impact larger scale projects like smart cities?
-IoT can transform larger scale projects by enabling smart buildings, smart cities, and IoT-enabled businesses, leading to improved efficiency, cost savings, and innovative solutions for various infrastructure and business processes.
Outlines
🌐 Introduction to the Internet of Things
Gary Sims from Android Authority introduces the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT), explaining how it extends the traditional internet by incorporating 'things'—objects equipped with sensors—that can transmit data. These devices range from smart thermostats to traffic monitors and contribute to the massive flow of data across the internet. The IoT is poised to surpass traditional internet users in terms of data transmission. Challenges such as technological issues, big data processing, security, and privacy are highlighted as areas that need addressing for the IoT to evolve effectively. Gary also discusses the impact of IoT on personal and professional lives and mentions Samsung's ambitious plan to enable IoT on all its products within five years, emphasizing the need for a seamless consumer experience.
🛠️ The Technical Aspects of IoT Devices
This paragraph delves into the technical differences between typical internet devices like smartphones and IoT devices. IoT devices are characterized by their low processing power, limited memory, and storage capabilities, necessitating specialized operating systems like mbed OS. The paragraph contrasts multitasking operating systems, real-time operating systems, bare metal approaches, and low power operating systems, explaining why the latter is ideal for IoT. It also describes the structure of IoT, starting from sensors to gateways and the cloud, and touches on the role of IoT gateways in facilitating data transmission. The security risks associated with IoT devices are also discussed, with examples of hacked webcams and baby monitors, emphasizing the need for robust security measures.
🏭 The Broader Implications of IoT
The final paragraph discusses the broader implications of IoT, focusing on Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication, which is central to how IoT devices interact with the cloud and each other. It highlights the potential of IoT in large-scale projects like smart buildings and cities, where significant contracts and infrastructure improvements can be realized. The paragraph also addresses the business opportunities and challenges of implementing IoT, including the high initial investment and the long-term benefits. Gary concludes by expressing optimism about the future of IoT, predicting advancements and innovations that will shape the seamless IoT experience.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Internet of Things (IoT)
💡Sensors
💡Cloud
💡Smart Devices
💡Big Data
💡Security and Privacy
💡IoT Gateway
💡M2M (Machine-to-Machine)
💡mbed OS
💡Smart Cities
Highlights
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new category of actors on the internet, referred to as 'things'.
A 'thing' in IoT is any object with a sensor that can transmit data to the internet for analysis and decision-making.
Examples of IoT sensors include temperature sensors, traffic sensors, and energy usage monitors.
IoT devices will soon outnumber people using internet-enabled devices.
IoT will change personal and professional lives, although the extent is not fully understood.
Technological challenges in IoT include hardware and software issues like battery life and interoperability.
Big data issues involve building systems to process the vast amounts of data generated by IoT devices.
Security and privacy are significant concerns with the potential for smart homes and hospitals to be hacked.
Samsung plans to have all its products IoT-enabled within five years, with 90% connected to the web by 2017.
ARM's mbed OS is a free operating system designed to boost the development of IoT devices.
mbed OS supports various IoT protocols and communication stacks, making it suitable for IoT devices.
IoT devices require a low-power operating system due to their limited processing power and memory.
IoT structure involves small devices transmitting data to more complex devices or IoT Gateways.
IoT Gateways act as intermediaries between sensors and the cloud, sending data to servers for analysis.
Security reports have identified IoT as a potential area for security problems due to poor levels of security in connected devices.
Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication is a key aspect of IoT, focusing on how devices interact with the cloud and each other.
Large-scale IoT projects such as smart buildings and smart cities offer significant opportunities for cost savings and efficiency.
The IoT revolution has begun, with advancements expected to bring innovation from unexpected sources.
Transcripts
hello there my name is Gary Sims Android
authority and today I'm going to try and
answer the question what is the Internet
of
[Music]
Things the internet as we know it is
going to change today it's a massive
Global Network that allows people to
communicate with each other we send
emails we send instant messages we use
websites to communicate to share data
and it is the people who drive the
internet the data that we send comes
from client devices like a laptop or a
PC or a tablet or a smartphone and it
goes to some servers and the servers
then transmit that data that information
on further in that sense we can say that
the internet is made up of three major
actors the people the client devices
they use and the
servers but a whole new category of
actor is being added to the internet
they've been unglamorous called things
hence the term internet of things so
what is a thing we really it's any
object that has a sens attached to it
that can transmit the data from that
sensor further up into the internet into
the cloud where it can be analyzed and
used to make
decisions examples of such sensors
include temperature sensors traffic
sensors flow rate sensors energy usage
monitors and so on a temperature sensor
can be placed in a smart thermostat a
smart electricity usage meter can be
wired into a house or a traffic monitor
can be placed into a traffic signal
these things then send data further up
the chain until either a person or a
piece of computer software makes a
decision based on that data it won't be
long and maybe it's already happened but
there will be more things on the
internet sending data around than actual
people using internet enabled
devices the cell phone the internet
email social media and smartphones have
all changed the way we do things both at
a personal level and at a business level
clearly the internet of things will do
the same thing our personal lives and
our professional lives will be affected
how they'll be affected isn't fully yet
understood but for sure it will change
things there are several big challenges
ahead for the embryonic internet of
things there are technological
challenges in terms of the actual
devices that collect and send data these
challenges include both hardware and
software issues like battery life
maintenance interoperability and
compatibility there are big data issues
around Building Systems that can process
all this data and use it to achieve
meaningful tasks there are also security
and privacy problems who wants to have a
smart home that can be hacked nobody
does or we still a smart hospital that
can be breached remotely as we move from
the individual Smart Homes to Smart
cities which have Smart Transport
Systems and smart infrastructure then
all these issues become more complex and
more difficult to solve correctly the
reality of the internet of things from a
consumer point of view took a giant leap
forward this year when Samsung's co-ceo
took took to the stage at CES 2015 to
declare that all Samsung products will
be Internet of Things enabled within 5
years if 2020 sounds like a long way off
to you he also said that 90% of
Samsung's products would be able to
connect to the web by 2017 Samsung's
plans are for every washing machine
every air conditioning unit and every
microwave oven to be iot enabled and 5
years from now every single piece of
Samsung
Hardware will be an iot device whether
it is an air purifier or an
oven in his speech the co-co also
highlighted that the iot experience
needs to be seamless for the
consumer the iot experience has to be
shimless I predict that this journey to
the seamless experience will be quite
bumpy however they're ACC companied like
arm who are trying their best to smooth
out the road as we
go towards the end of 2014 arm announced
a new operating system to boost the
development of iot devices called embed
OS it's a free operating system for arms
cortex M range of microcontrollers one
of the key points about embed OS is that
it supports the important iot protocols
and allows anybody from a hobbyist
developer to a multi-million dollar
Corporation to prototype and develop iot
devices embed OS will include all the
functionality needed to create create an
iot device and to transmit that data to
the cloud it supports a lot of different
communication Stacks including ipv4 IPv6
six lowan Bluetooth Wi-Fi 2G GSM and 3G
the interesting thing about Ed OS is
that it falls into a very special class
of operating system when we think about
a smartphone it comes with an operating
system like Android and Android itself
is built on Linux and Linux is what we
call a multitasking operating system and
the resources in a modern day smartphone
are quite large you've got a quad core
maybe an octacore processor you've got a
GPU you've got 1 gigs 2 gigs 3 gigs of
RAM maybe 8 gigs of internal storage and
so on a typical iot device will have a
processor that runs at just 100 MHz not
1.5 GHz or 2 GHz like a smartphone it'll
only have maybe 4K of memory or 96k of
memory in the biggest case is 256k of
memory and that's very different to
three gigabyt of memory that we see in a
smartphone it only have a tiny bit of
storage maybe 32k 64k of flash storage
that means that Internet of Things
devices need a special type of operating
system so I said there were four types
of operating system the multitasking
operating system is like Android and
like Linux there's another type of
operating system which is called an OS
or a real-time operating system these
are found in very small debet devices
that you get in cars in Planes in
industrial applications and they are
Specialist typee of operating system
that worries about how the schedu works
how things happen in what order they
happen where they happen within a
certain time constraint now that sounds
good for iot but that kind of system can
be quite battery hungry or not very
power efficient another approach is
called the bare metal approach it really
isn't an operating system in itself
basically you have a loop that goes
round round and round and round round
for infinity and you run your code
inside that Loop checking everything and
just doing everything if you've used an
Arduino you'll be familiar with that
kind of idea the problem is that can't
be maintained once the project gets
particularly large it also doesn't allow
for scheduling it doesn't allow for
certain other things as well so it has
its
limitations and that brings us to the
fourth type of operating system which is
a low power operating system an
operating system that's designed just to
conserve power while performing its
functions typically these operator
systems are event driven rather than
using polling always checking to see
what's going on and that's the kind of
category that the mbed OS fits into and
it's very useful for internet of thing
devices so what does the internet of
things look like in terms of its
structure it's quite simple at the thing
end you have a small device which
monitors something a door a window a
heart rate monitor a temperature monitor
whatever these devices transmit that
data to another more complicated device
it could be a smartphone it could be a
control unit of some kind like a smart
thermostat or it could be a dedicated
device that acts as a gateway to the
internet this last category of device is
known as an iot Gateway they are
important because the sensors often
don't have a direct connection to the
internet they probably only have
Bluetooth or some other low power
connectivity like zigby once the iot
Gateway has received the data from the
sensor it can be sent further up into
the cloud
part of arm strategy can be seen with
its embed OS device server while a web
server would accept connections from web
browsers running on PCS or smartphones
the embed OS device server handles
connections from iot devices it uses
open source protocols including HTTP for
data communication and for device
management the embed OS device server
would sit behind an iot Gateway and
would use the gateway to talk to the iot
devices it can also send the collected
data higher up into the cloud imagine
you wanted to control the temperature in
your house your air conditioning unit
will be monitoring the temperature and
either keeping it at a certain level or
it will be programmed to come on at a
set hour this data is collected and sent
up to the cloud via an iot Gateway via a
server for you to monitor via the web or
on your smartphone if you manage to get
out of work early you might want to
switch on the air conditioner in earlier
so that the house is nice and cool when
you arrive you can send that command via
your smartphone and it will be relay
back down the chain to the unit you can
imagine other scenarios about the same
thing to do with traffic control Street
lighting and so on and so on this all
sounds very utopian but of course there
are dangers with all these devices
sending data and receiving commands it
won't be long before the hackers are
drawn in a recent security report from
Intel's macafe lab singled out iot as a
potential area for security problems the
report says that iot rated attacks will
increase due to the predicted fast
growth of the number of connected
devices many of which will unfortunately
have poor levels of security in 2013 at
a white hat security conference it was
demonstrated that you could hack webcams
that were connected to the internet and
the hackers were able to watch what was
going on with the webcams last year
there were several different reports
about baby monitors that had been hacked
and the attackers were watching the
video feed of the babies in their rooms
in extreme cases they were even
screaming at the babies and waking them
up and frightening them last year the
BBC ran a story about a website that was
dedicated just to streaming video feeds
from hacked webcams and baby monitors
this is creepy and quite disturbing but
unfortunately it's the world that we
live
in however moving on another important
concept of the inet things is M2M or
machine to machine at one level M2M is
what it says it is a way for one machine
to talk to another machine however in
this context it means how a connected
device talks to the cloud it also
includes how these devices are managed
M2M isn't new in the sense that we are
all used to one device talking to
another file transfers over bluetooth
app updates over Wi-Fi even emails are
examples of how one machine talks to
another machine to achieve a specific
task however the special thing about M2M
in terms of Internet of Things is that
these connected devices have a a low
power usage B aren't always on or awake
and C are limited in terms of their
resources like processing power and
memory and so
on all this technology sounds great for
the consumer but probably the big money
is to be made on larger scale projects
smart buildings smart cities and iot
enabled businesses are where the large
contracts are to be won whole
infrastructure is enabled for iot or
endtoend business processes using iot at
every step everything from garbage to
electricity from trams to taxes from
Parcels to production lines can be built
to use iot the initial investment will
be high for businesses however the
benefits will lightly save money in the
long
term so the iot revolution has just
started and there's going to be lots of
advancements over the next few years
it's going to be interesting to watch
The Journey until we reach the seamless
iot experience I'm sure along the way
we're going to see some great Innovation
coming from some surprising sources my
name is Gary SS from Android authority
hope you enjoyed this video if you did
please give it a thumbs up also please
use the comments below to tell me what
you think about iot also don't forget to
subscribe to Android Authority's YouTube
channel and as for me I'll see you in my
next video
[Music]
me
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