EU Artificial Intelligence ACT: La prima regolamentazione (Europea) sull'Intelligenza Artificiale

Video Backlight di Marco Italiano

15 Dec 202308:19

Summary

TLDRThe video discusses the AI Act, new European Union legislation regulating uses of artificial intelligence based on risk level. It establishes four risk categories - minimal, high, unacceptable, limited/specific - with corresponding requirements and restrictions. Key points include mandatory transparency for general AI models regarding training processes and respect for people's rights and freedoms. The Act creates governance bodies to oversee implementation, and sanctions for violations like fines and class action lawsuits to protect citizens' rights.

Takeaways

😀 The AI Act is a long-awaited European law that regulates the use of AI systems
😮‍💨 The law classifies AI systems into 4 risk levels: minimal, limited, high and unacceptable risk
🚫 AI systems posing unacceptable risk to people's rights and freedoms will be banned
😊 Low risk AI like movie recommendations will have minimal obligations
🤖 High risk AI like in the judiciary will face stricter rules
🔎 AI providers must be transparent on how their systems are trained
🏢 An EU AI office and national authorities will oversee implementation
⚖️ Fines up to €35M or 7% of global turnover can be imposed for violations
🤝 Citizens can launch class action suits if harmed by non-compliant AI
👍🏻 The law aims to protect people's rights and freedoms in the AI age

Q & A

What is the AI Act?
-The AI Act is a new European Union law that regulates the use of artificial intelligence systems. It establishes rules around transparency, risk management, governance and enforcement.
When is the AI Act expected to be finalized?
-The AI Act is expected to be finalized and published in the Official Journal of the European Union in spring 2024, if all steps in the legislative process go as planned.
How does the AI Act classify risk levels of AI systems?
-The AI Act classifies AI systems into four risk levels - minimal, limited, high and unacceptable risk. This risk-based approach tailors obligations to the actual risk an AI system poses.
What are some examples of unacceptable risk AI systems?
-Examples of unacceptable risk AI systems that will be prohibited include AI used for social scoring, as done in China, or predictive policing.
What transparency rules apply to general purpose AI models?
-For general purpose AI models like large language models, there are transparency rules around disclosure of how these models are trained, to ensure respect of human rights and freedoms.
How will the AI Act be enforced?
-The EU will establish an AI Office to oversee enforcement. Member states must also designate national competent authorities. Fines up to €35 million or 7% of global annual turnover can be levied for violations.
Can individuals take action if harmed by non-compliant AI?
-Yes, the latest AI Act draft allows individuals to initiate class action lawsuits if they are harmed by non-compliant AI systems.
What are the core principles behind the AI Act?
-The AI Act is centered on protecting human rights and freedoms that may be impacted by AI systems. Ensuring transparency around AI is also a core principle.
Which systems are considered low or no risk?
-AI systems like those recommending Christmas playlists or movies to stream are considered low or no risk, with minimal obligations under the AI Act.
What role will EU member states play in AI Act governance?
-Each EU member state must designate a national authority responsible for supervising implementation and compliance with the AI Act locally.

Outlines

00:00

😲 Overview of AI Act and its risk-based approach

The AI Act is a long-awaited EU regulation that disciplines AI systems' uses based on a risk-based approach. It proposes four AI risk levels from minimum to unacceptable with different transparency requirements. For instance, minimum risk is movie recommendations, while unacceptable risk is predictive policing or social scoring. The Act targets protecting fundamental rights and freedoms.

05:00

😀 Transparency requirements for foundation models and governance provisions

The Act imposes transparency obligations regarding how general purpose AI systems and foundation models are trained to ensure respect for rights and freedoms. There will be a European AI Office and national competent authorities to oversee regulation implementation. Sanctions go up to €35 million fines or 7% of global annual turnover. There is also potential for class action lawsuits by affected citizens and users.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans. In the script, AI is the central theme, discussed in the context of its impact, regulation, and integration into various sectors. The video delves into how AI's advancements are prompting discussions on legislation and ethical considerations, reflecting on AI's pervasive role in modern society.

💡IA Act

The IA Act, as mentioned in the script, refers to proposed legislation by the European Union to regulate artificial intelligence. It outlines a framework to address AI's risks and impacts, emphasizing a risk-based approach to categorize AI applications. The Act is pivotal in the video, signifying a significant step towards formalizing AI's governance to ensure its alignment with human rights and ethical standards.

💡Risk-based approach

A risk-based approach, as discussed in the script, categorizes AI systems based on the level of risk they pose, ranging from minimal to unacceptable. This classification informs the degree of regulatory scrutiny and requirements imposed on each AI system, guiding how AI can be developed and used responsibly. The script highlights this approach as a cornerstone of the IA Act, illustrating its role in safeguarding against AI's potential adverse effects.

💡Transparency

Transparency in AI, as explained in the video, involves clear disclosure about how AI systems operate and make decisions. It's a critical aspect of the IA Act, ensuring that users understand when they are interacting with AI and the basis for AI's decisions. This concept is fundamental to building trust and accountability in AI applications, particularly in high-risk contexts.

💡Unacceptable risk

Unacceptable risk refers to AI applications that pose severe threats to people's rights and freedoms, such as predictive policing or social scoring systems. The video underscores that such applications will be prohibited under the IA Act, highlighting the legislation's role in protecting fundamental human values against the backdrop of AI's capabilities.

💡Regulation

Regulation in the context of the video refers to the legal frameworks and rules established to govern AI's development and deployment. The IA Act represents a proactive step by the EU to create a standardized regulatory environment for AI, emphasizing the need to balance innovation with ethical considerations and public welfare.

💡Foundation models

Foundation models, as mentioned in the script, are large-scale AI systems that can be adapted to various tasks. The video discusses the need for transparency in how these models are trained and used, reflecting broader concerns about the accountability and impact of powerful AI systems on society.

💡Sanctions

Sanctions in the AI context refer to penalties for non-compliance with AI regulations. The script outlines potential fines and other punitive measures under the IA Act, emphasizing the enforcement mechanisms designed to ensure adherence to the established AI governance framework.

💡Class action

Class action, as described in the video, allows individuals to collectively sue for damages caused by AI systems that violate the IA Act. This legal recourse exemplifies the empowerment of citizens and users in the regulatory landscape, providing a mechanism to address grievances and hold AI developers accountable.

💡Governance

Governance in the AI context refers to the structures and processes established to oversee AI's development and use. The script mentions the creation of a specific office for AI at the European Commission and national competent authorities, illustrating the multi-layered approach to AI governance envisaged by the IA Act.

Highlights

La legge disciplina gli usi dell'intelligenza artificiale ed è in vigore dalla primavera 2024

La legge propone un approccio basato sul rischio con 4 livelli: minimo, alto, inaccettabile e limitato

I sistemi a rischio inaccettabile come la polizia predittiva saranno vietati

Ci sarà trasparenza per far sapere agli utenti se interagiscono con IA o esseri umani

Non saranno ammesse IA che presentano rischi inaccettabili per i diritti e libertà delle persone

Previsti obblighi di trasparenza anche per i modelli di fondazione come GPT

Ci sarà un ufficio specifico per l'IA istituito presso la Commissione Europea

Ogni stato membro dovrà designare una propria agenzia di sorveglianza sull'IA

Sanzioni fino a 35 milioni di € o 7% del fatturato globale annuo per chi viola le regole

Prevista possibilità di class action da parte degli utenti contro uso improprio di IA

La legge nasce come norma sulla certificazione ma è diventata legge su diritti e libertà

Classificazione dei sistemi IA basata su 4 livelli di rischio: cruciale per regolamentazione

Fondamentale la trasparenza sui modelli IA, specie quelli addestrati su grandi dati

Previsione di rigorose sanzioni e possibilità di class action sono elementi innovativi

La legge tutela innanzitutto i diritti e libertà delle persone che utilizzano o subiscono IA