Identifying Claims Review

Summary

This tutorial video educates viewers on identifying and differentiating between three types of claims: claims of fact, value, and policy. It clarifies that claims of fact are verifiable statements, claims of value express subjective judgments, and claims of policy suggest desired conditions for the future. The video guides on how to support these claims with evidence and emphasizes the difference between arguable claims and simple facts.

Takeaways

• 📌 A claim is an arguable statement, not a basic fact that can be easily verified.
• 📌 There are three types of claims: claims of fact, claims of value, and claims of policy.
• 📌 Claims of fact assert the existence of a condition and rely on factual information; they can be objectively proven.
• 📌 Claims of value express a judgment on whether something is right or wrong, good or bad, and are inherently subjective.
• 📌 Claims of policy propose what conditions should exist in the future and rely on supporting claims of fact and value.
• 📌 To identify a claim of fact, look for active verbs and assertions of conditions that have, do, or will exist.
• 📌 Claims of value often use linking verbs and require establishing reasonable standards for judgment.
• 📌 Distinguishing between claims of fact and value can be challenging; focus on how claims are supported and proven.
• 📌 Facts can be easily verified and are not arguable, while claims of fact are interpretations that need to be proven as valid.
• 📌 Proving a claim of policy involves showing that current conditions are less desirable and that the suggested change would improve them.
• 📌 The script emphasizes the importance of understanding the nature of claims for effective reasoning and argumentation.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of the tutorial video?

The main purpose of the tutorial video is to help viewers review the process of identifying specific types of claims in preparation for the claims and reasoning retest.

What is the fundamental difference between a claim and a basic fact?

A claim is an arguable statement, whereas a basic fact is easily verifiable information that cannot be easily disputed.

Why is the statement 'The United States is in an economic recession' considered a claim?

It is considered a claim because the definition of a recession can vary, and economists may disagree on what qualifies as a recession, making it a debatable statement.

What is the difference between a claim of fact and a statement of fact?

A claim of fact is an arguable inference based on facts, while a statement of fact is a verifiable piece of information that does not require argument.

What are the three types of claims discussed in the video?

The three types of claims discussed are claims of fact, claims of value, and claims of policy.

How can you identify a claim of fact?

A claim of fact asserts a condition that has existed, exists, or will exist, relies on factual information for support, and can be objectively proven using active verbs.

What is the key difference between claims of fact and claims of value?

Claims of fact can be objectively proven and are based on factual information, while claims of value are subjective, based on personal judgments and cannot be objectively proven.

Why are claims of value often phrased using linking verbs?

Claims of value often use linking verbs to express a judgment or an evaluation of something as being right, wrong, good, or bad, which is inherently subjective.

How does a claim of policy differ from claims of fact and value?

A claim of policy asserts what conditions should exist in the future and relies on supporting claims of fact and value. It deals with what ought to be rather than what is or what is judged.

What is the process of proving a claim of policy?

Proving a claim of policy involves demonstrating that current conditions are less desirable than they would be with the suggested change, and providing evidence to support that the proposed change would create more desirable conditions.

Why is it important to differentiate between claims of fact and claims of value when preparing for the retest?

Differentiating between claims of fact and claims of value is important because it helps in understanding the nature of the argument being made and the type of evidence or reasoning required to support or refute the claim.