【海外の反応】アメコミを変容させたポリコレ規制!日本のマンガが最後の砦だ!

【海外の反応】日本のうわさ
14 Oct 202212:39

Summary

TLDRThe video script discusses the global popularity of Japanese manga, which is experiencing a significant surge in sales, particularly in North America where it is categorized as 'graphic novels.' Despite the success, there is a growing concern among manga fans about the increasing political pressure, particularly related to political correctness (referred to as 'ポリコレ' or 'policol'). The conversation includes comments from manga artist Akira Toriyama and Naoki Kobayashi, the representative of a digital manga distribution service, who express their views on the influence of political correctness on manga and the importance of maintaining the unique appeal of Japanese manga on a global scale. The script also highlights various opinions from international fans, emphasizing the desire for Japanese manga to remain authentic and not succumb to external pressures. Additionally, an article from 'Screen Rant' is summarized, which argues that while many believe Japanese manga's popularity stems from its apolitical nature, a closer look reveals that many influential manga works do contain political themes and messages, influencing current manga artists and reflecting the cultural values and beliefs of the society from which they originate.

Takeaways

  • 🌐 Japanese manga is not only popular within Japan but also globally, with a significant increase in sales in North America compared to superhero comics.
  • 🔍 There is a growing concern among international manga fans about potential political pressures that might affect the content and nature of manga.
  • 🗣️ The concept of 'Political Correctness' (ポリコレ) is increasingly influencing various sectors, including the American comic industry, which impacts how characters are portrayed.
  • 🎨 Japanese manga artists and industry professionals, such as manga artist Akamatsu Ken and Na Ninth representative Kobayashi Takuma, discuss the pressures of political correctness on manga and its overseas expansion.
  • 📉 Some American comic fans are not in favor of the increasing influence of political correctness on the comic industry and are critical of it.
  • 💬 There is a call from international fans to preserve the unique aspects of Japanese manga and to resist the pressures to conform to political correctness.
  • 🤔 The debate over political correctness in media is not new, but it has taken a new turn with discussions about its impact on storytelling and creativity.
  • 🌈 The article from 'Screen Rant' argues that even though many believe Japanese manga is apolitical, a closer look reveals that political themes are often deeply embedded in the narratives.
  • 📚 Classic manga such as 'Astro Boy', 'Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind', and 'AKIRA' have all dealt with political themes, influencing current manga artists.
  • 🏳️‍🌈 Japanese manga has been progressive in its representation of LGBTQ+ characters and other social issues, sometimes even surpassing Western comics in its approach.
  • 🚫 Despite the political context in some manga, there is a recognition that not all works with political messages are overtly political, and the subtlety of their inclusion is important.

Q & A

  • How is Japanese manga categorized in America?

    -In America, Japanese manga is categorized under the term 'graphic novels'.

  • According to NPD BookScan's 2021 data, how did the sales of manga compare to superhero comics in North America?

    -While superhero comics from Marvel and DC increased by 2.3% compared to the previous year, manga sales saw a significant increase of 171%.

  • What is the term 'Political Correctness' commonly referred to as, and what does it aim to do?

    -'Political Correctness' is commonly referred to as 'ポリコレ' (Purikore). It is intended to be a policy or measure to avoid causing discomfort or disadvantage to specific groups in society, such as those defined by gender, ethnicity, or religion.

  • What is the concern among overseas manga fans regarding manga?

    -There is a concern among overseas manga fans that political pressure might be increasing on manga, potentially affecting its content and appeal.

  • What was the topic of the online talk festival 'Manga no Mirai Kaigi' held in December 2020?

    -The topic of the 'Manga no Mirai Kaigi' was 'Protect Manga! The Spreading Issue of Political Correctness Around the World'.

  • What did manga artist Akamatsu Ken say about external pressures on manga?

    -Akamatsu Ken mentioned that there is an external pressure to introduce political correctness into comics and films, but he emphasized that the appeal of Japanese manga, even with its brutal elements, has been welcomed worldwide.

  • What was the general sentiment from the international audience regarding the potential changes to Japanese manga due to political correctness?

    -The general sentiment from the international audience was supportive of Japanese manga maintaining its unique artistic integrity and not succumbing to pressures to change for the sake of political correctness.

  • What was the opinion expressed in the 'Screen Rant' article about the political nature of Japanese manga?

    -The 'Screen Rant' article argued that while many believe the popularity of Japanese manga is due to its apolitical nature, a closer look reveals that many manga works do contain political themes, messages, and expressions.

  • How did the article address the issue of LGBTQ representation in Japanese manga?

    -The article pointed out that Japanese manga has been progressive in its representation of LGBTQ characters, with examples such as 'Sailor Moon' featuring a lesbian couple and 'Ghost in the Shell' having a lead character who is possibly bisexual.

  • What was the reaction to the article's comparison between the political nature of Japanese manga and Western comics?

    -The reaction suggested that while some Western comics have been criticized for their political correctness, Japanese manga has been engaging with political themes in a more subtle and creative manner.

  • What is the general consensus among the comments regarding the inclusion of political messages in entertainment?

    -The consensus among the comments was that entertainment should prioritize enjoyment and that political messages should be woven naturally into the story rather than being forced or overly didactic.

  • What was the call to action for those who support Japanese manga remaining true to its form, as expressed in the script?

    -The script encouraged those who support Japanese manga to not bow to political correctness to press the 'like' button and share their thoughts in the comments, also reminding them to subscribe to the channel.

Outlines

00:00

🌐 Global Popularity and Political Pressure on Japanese Manga

The first paragraph discusses the global success of Japanese manga, highlighting its popularity not only in Japan but worldwide. It notes that in America, manga is categorized as 'graphic novels' and has seen a significant surge in sales compared to superhero comics. However, there is a growing concern among international manga fans about potential political pressures that may affect the content and artistic freedom of manga. The paragraph introduces the theme of 'Protecting Manga! The Spreading Issue of Political Correctness (ポリコレ)' and explains the concept of political correctness, which is intended to prevent discomfort or disadvantage to specific social groups but has recently been criticized as 'overzealous word policing.' The influence of political correctness on the American comic industry is mentioned, and the discussion includes reactions from overseas fans to statements made by Japanese manga industry professionals regarding political correctness and its impact on manga.

05:01

📚 Political Themes in Manga and the Impact on the Industry

The second paragraph explores the idea that Japanese manga often contains political themes, contrary to the common belief that it is apolitical. It cites an article from 'Screen Rant' that argues manga can be political, even when it doesn't appear to be. The paragraph provides examples of how classic manga like 'Astro Boy' by Osamu Tezuka and 'Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind' by Hayao Miyazaki have woven political messages into their narratives. It also discusses how 'AKIRA' incorporates political themes related to government and social issues. The paragraph further highlights how manga has been ahead of Western comics in terms of representation and inclusion, with examples like 'Sailor Moon' featuring a lesbian couple and 'Ghost in the Shell' with a lead character who is possibly bisexual. It concludes by emphasizing that all media reflects the values and beliefs of the culture it comes from, and thus, manga is inherently political.

10:04

💭 Different Approaches to Politics in Entertainment

The third paragraph focuses on the varying ways politics can be integrated into entertainment, contrasting the natural incorporation of political themes in stories with the forced inclusion of real political issues or figures. It discusses the criticism that some American writers prioritize ideology over storytelling, which is seen as contributing to the decline in the comic market compared to Japan. The paragraph suggests that if Japanese manga were as political as Marvel or DC comics, they might explore social issues in a creative way. It also points out the difference between altering popular characters for political reasons and creating diverse and original characters. The paragraph ends with a call for support for Japanese manga to continue without succumbing to political correctness and an invitation for viewers to share their thoughts and subscribe to the channel.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Manga

Manga refers to Japanese comics that are now loved globally, not just in Japan. The script discusses how manga has seen a significant increase in sales in North America, indicating its growing popularity overseas. Examples from popular series like 'Demon Slayer' and 'Attack on Titan' showcase that manga's often brutal or unique storytelling resonates internationally, defying traditional Western norms.

💡Graphic Novel

Graphic novels are a category under which Japanese manga is classified in the United States. The script mentions this classification as part of discussing the broader context of how manga is perceived and marketed in North America, contrasting it with superhero comics from publishers like Marvel and DC.

💡Political Correctness (PC)

Political correctness involves policies and measures intended to avoid discomfort or disadvantage to specific social groups based on gender, ethnicity, religion, etc. The video script raises concerns that political correctness, perceived as excessive by some, is influencing the creative expression in comics, including manga, potentially stifling creativity due to fear of offending.

💡Cultural Pressure

Cultural pressure in the script refers to the external influence demanding manga creators to align with global standards, potentially altering their traditional narratives. This is particularly highlighted in the comments from manga creators who express concern over the imposition of political correctness on their artistic expressions.

💡Sales Data

The script cites sales data from NPD BookScan, showing a 171% increase in manga sales in North America, compared to a modest increase for superhero comics. This statistic illustrates manga's exploding popularity in the West and sets the stage for discussing its cultural impact and the challenges it faces.

💡Censorship

Censorship in this context refers to the influence of political correctness on content, leading to potential modifications or suppression of original manga content to fit Western sensibilities. The script touches on fears among manga fans that political correctness could lead to censorship of manga's often candid and edgy content.

💡Global Standard

Global standard mentioned in the script refers to the expectations and norms that global (particularly Western) audiences might impose on non-Western media like manga. There is a discussion about whether manga should conform to these standards, especially regarding themes and character portrayals that might conflict with Western ideologies.

💡Creator Autonomy

Creator autonomy is a key theme in the script, emphasizing the importance for manga artists to create content that remains true to their artistic vision, without succumbing to external pressures such as political correctness. The script highlights the sentiment that artists should prioritize crafting stories they can be proud of, over short-term wins.

💡Cultural Imperialism

Cultural imperialism in the script is hinted at when discussing the external pressures on Japanese manga to adapt to other cultural standards. It's critically viewed as a form of colonization where foreign entities attempt to impose their values and practices on another culture's artistic outputs.

💡Fan Reaction

Fan reaction is significant in the script as it highlights how global fans of manga respond to potential changes influenced by political correctness. The script includes various statements from fans who advocate for preserving the authenticity of Japanese manga against perceived overreach by politically correct agendas.

Highlights

Japanese manga is not only loved in Japan but also worldwide, with a significant increase in sales in North America compared to the previous year.

In the United States, Japanese manga is categorized under 'graphic novels', and its sales have surged by 171% year-on-year according to NPD BookScan's 2021 data.

There is a growing concern among international manga fans about the increasing political pressure that might affect manga.

The theme of the discussion is 'Protect Manga! The Spreading Issue of Political Correctness (Policore) Around the World'.

Political Correctness (Policore) is a policy or measure intended to avoid causing discomfort or disadvantage to specific groups in society.

The American comic industry is significantly influenced by political correctness, considering characters' ethnicity and gender.

Comments from Japanese manga industry professionals regarding political correctness have sparked discussions among American comic fans.

At the 'Manga Creators Conference' in December 2020, manga artist Akamatsu Ken and Naver Nine's representative, Kobayashi Takuma, discussed the overseas expansion of manga.

Akamatsu expressed concerns about external pressures to introduce political correctness into manga and films, highlighting the global appeal of Japanese manga's unique残酷 (cruel or intense) nature.

Kobayashi mentioned the recent emphasis on political correctness and stressed the importance of continuously creating entertainment that creators can be proud of, rather than focusing on short-term gains.

Overseas reactions to their comments include support for Japanese manga to maintain its unique identity and resist political correctness.

Some fans expressed frustration with the constraints of political correctness, wanting to write or enjoy stories without political obligations.

There is a call for Japanese manga to continue its fight against political correctness, as it is seen as the only hope in the entertainment industry.

An article on the American entertainment news site 'Screen Rant' suggests that Japanese manga also has political elements, contrary to common beliefs.

The article points out that even though Japanese manga is popular for its apolitical nature, it often contains political themes and messages.

Classic manga such as 'Astro Boy', 'Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind', and 'Akira' are highlighted for their political themes and messages.

The article argues that all media, including manga, reflect the values and beliefs of the culture that created them, making them inherently political.

The response to the article includes opinions that political messages should be naturally woven into stories, rather than being forced or overly didactic.

There is a debate on whether Japanese manga would explore social issues creatively if it were as political as Marvel or DC comics.

The conclusion emphasizes the importance of Japanese manga continuing to resist political correctness and maintain its unique and diverse storytelling.

Transcripts

play00:06

今や日本国内のみならず、世界中で愛されている日本のマンガ。

play00:11

アメリカで日本のマンガは「グラフィックノベル」というカテゴリに分類されますが、

play00:16

NPD BookScanが発表した「2021年・北米グラフィックノベル売上データ」によると、

play00:23

マーベルやDCなどの「スーパーヒーロー・コミック」が前年比2.3%増だったのに対し、

play00:29

なんと「マンガ」の売上は前年比で171%も増えています。

play00:35

この数字からも、アメリカやカナダで日本のマンガが急速に人気を集めていることがわかります。

play00:43

しかしそんなマンガに対し、政治的圧力が強まるのではないかといった不安の声が海外のマンガファンの間からあがっています。

play00:53

今回は、「MANGAを守れ!世界に広まるポリコレ問題」をテーマにお届けします。

play01:04

「Political Correctness」通称「ポリコレ」は、性別や民族、宗教など、

play01:09

社会の特定のグループの人たちに不快感や不利益を与えないように意図された政策や対策のこと。

play01:17

本来は差別をなくすためのものですが、最近は「行き過ぎた言葉狩り」として忌み嫌う人が増えてきました。

play01:25

アメリカのコミック業界も例に漏れず、キャラクターの人種や性別に配慮するなど、ポリコレの影響を大きく受けています。

play01:34

当然このような事態を快く思っていないアメリカのコミックファンも多いわけですが、

play01:40

彼らの間で、日本のマンガ業界人のポリコレに関する発言が話題になっていました。

play01:47

2020年12月に開催されたオンライントークフェス「漫画家ミライ会議」、このイベントの中で漫画家・赤松健さんと、

play01:56

漫画のデジタル配信サービスなどを手掛けるナンバーナインの代表・小林琢磨さんがマンガの海外進出について語りました。

play02:07

赤松さん: 「政治的な正しさを漫画や映画にも導入しなさい」といった外圧が来ています。

play02:15

日本の漫画は、『鬼滅の刃』や『進撃の巨人』などでも見られるように、けっこう残酷だったりするけど、

play02:22

それが良さだし、世界でも驚きを持って迎えられています。

play02:27

しかし日本漫画が世界を見据える段階になった今、もっとグローバルスタンダードに合わせろといった圧力が現場に来ています。

play02:36

小林さん: 10年前って今みたいにポリコレ、ポリコレって言われてなかったじゃないですか。ここ最近ですよ、言われだしたの。

play02:46

これがこの先もスタンダードになる可能性はゼロではないですけど、また変わる可能性もありますよね。

play02:53

だから短期的な勝ち負けではなく、「エンタメとして自分が誇れるものを常に作っていく」ってことが、大事なんじゃないでしょうか。

play03:04

この二人の発言に対する海外の反応をご紹介します。

play03:10

■親愛なる日本の皆さん、あなたたちの芸術を変化させようとする人たちのことは無視してください。

play03:17

今あなたがうまくいっているのは、あなたがあなたであるからです。

play03:23

■日本がポリコレに抵抗してくれるなら、オレは日本のマンガを買い続けるぜ。

play03:30

■ポリコレはとても腹立たしいわ。私は作家になりたいんだけど、大学のせいで躊躇しているの。

play03:38

ある教授は、「ヤングアダルト小説を書く作家は、作品の場を政治活動に利用すべきだ」と言ったわ。

play03:46

私は、政治について書かなければならないとか、活動家のための物語を作らなければならないとか、

play03:53

白人以外のキャラクターについて書いてはいけないとか、そんなことはしたくないの。

play03:59

作家には好きな物語を語る自由があるべきだし、政治的な義務を負わされる筋合いなんてない。

play04:07

大学に通い始めてからというもの、何を書いても文句を言われるんじゃないかと思えて・・・書くことが難しくなってしまったわ。

play04:17

■日本はこれからも戦い続けてくれ。あなたたちはエンタメにおける唯一の希望だ。

play04:25

■親愛なる日本よ、決して変わらないでください。誰にも、特に正義中毒者にあなたを変えさせてはなりません。

play04:34

我々はありのままのあなたたちを愛しています。

play04:39

■反植民地主義の連中が他国を植民地化しようとしてるんだから笑えるぜ。

play04:46

■↑なぜなら奴らがやってることは、植民地主義や白人至上主義、人種差別とは何の関係もないからだよ。

play04:54

そういった主張は嘘っぱちで、本当のところは単に「力」が欲しいだけなんだ。

play05:01

「口先の正義」で無知な大衆を戦いに引きずり込んで、最終的には自分たちが権力を握るって魂胆さ。

play05:10

■主よ、意識高い系の奴らが国産コミックを全て殺してしまいました! どうか輸入物だけはお救いください!

play05:20

アメリカのエンタメ情報サイト「Screen Rant」に、「日本のマンガも政治的である」といった内容の記事が掲載されました。

play05:29

この記事の著者は、アメコミのポリコレ対応を肯定するために、日本のマンガを引用したようです。

play05:36

記事の内容を抜粋してご紹介します。

play05:41

日本のマンガが人気なのは政治性がないためだと主張する人が多いが、よく見ればマンガにも政治性が込められていることがわかる。

play05:51

マーベルが、当時の大統領候補ドナルド・トランプをモデルにした敵キャラを登場させると、

play05:57

多くの人が即座に日本のマンガの非政治性と比較し、マーベルを批判した。

play06:03

西洋のマンガファンの間では、マンガの成功は作品に政治的メッセージが含まれていないからだとよく言われる。

play06:12

しかし、日本の最も影響力のあるマンガの多くをよく見てみると、

play06:17

政治的なテーマやメッセージ、表現が深く組み込まれていることがわかる。

play06:23

手塚治虫の代表作「鉄腕アトム」は、ディズニーのかわいいアニメとアメリカの勇敢なスーパーヒーローを組み合わせたマンガだが、

play06:31

この作品は政治的な側面も持っていた。

play06:36

反戦、環境保護主義者で知られる手塚は、これらのテーマを「鉄腕アトム」に織り込んだ。

play06:42

例えば、ベトナム戦争中の1969年に発表された「ベトナムの天使」は、鉄腕アトムがベトナムの村をアメリカ軍から守る話だ。

play06:54

また、有名な映画監督の宮崎駿は漫画家としても長い間活躍していたが、

play07:00

彼の代表作「風の谷のナウシカ」には、宮崎駿を語る上で欠かせないテーマが多く含まれている。

play07:08

手塚同様、宮崎はマンガという媒体を使って、戦争の無益さと環境を大切にすることの重要性を描いた。

play07:17

環境保護主義や、環境を制御しようとする人類の愚かさといったテーマは、この物語にとって絶対に欠かせないものだ。

play07:27

さらに、サイバーパンクの古典である「AKIRA」にも政治性が含まれている。

play07:33

このマンガの重要なプロットは、日本政府によるオリンピックスタジアムの建設だ。

play07:39

ネオ東京の人々が直面している途方もないレベルの貧困と窮乏を考えると、

play07:45

読者が導き出すべき明白な結論は、このスタジアムはお金の無駄遣いであるということで、つまり政府と国民の分断を表現しているのだ。

play07:56

また「AKIRA」は、若者の暴力、経済的不平等、警察の横暴といった社会問題も描いている。

play08:05

そして、これら3つの古典的なマンガは、現在のマンガ家にも影響を与え続けているのだ。

play08:12

西洋のコミック業界を批判する人々は、最近LGBTQのキャラクターをより多く登場させたことが、

play08:20

伝統的なスーパーヒーローコミックの売り上げを減少させていると主張するが、

play08:25

日本のマンガでも西洋と同等かそれ以上に進んでいることを考えると、これは奇妙な話だ。

play08:33

1994年の「美少女戦士セーラームーン」では、セーラーウラヌスとセーラーネプチューンというレズビアンカップルが登場するし、

play08:42

攻殻機動隊の草薙素子はレズビアンか、少なくともバイセクシャルだ。

play08:48

また、マーベルが政治家を超悪玉に仕立てたことに文句を言う読者がいるが、

play08:53

「DEATH NOTE」ではまったく同じことを、しかもまったく同じ政治家に対して行った。

play09:00

読み切り番外編の中で、ドナルド・トランプがデスノートを受け取るが、

play09:04

彼が臆病過ぎてデスノートが使えなかったという露骨なパロディを展開している。

play09:11

これらの例を見れば、マンガがマーベルやDCの出版物と同じように政治的であることは明らかだろう。

play09:19

しかし、あまり政治的な主張が目立たない作品であっても、やはり政治的であることには注意すべきだ。

play09:27

「ドラゴンボール」のような作品は、それほど政治的なことを前面に出していないかもしれないが、

play09:33

それでも政治的な文脈の中に存在し、意図的かどうかは別として、政治的なメッセージを伝えているのだ。

play09:42

良くも悪くも、すべてのメディアは、それを作り出した文化の価値観や信念を反映しているという点で、政治的と言える。

play09:51

マンガが政治的でないと言うのは、ただ間違っているだけでなく、

play09:56

日本の偉大なマンガ家が創り出す豊かでリアルな世界に対して失礼ですらあるのだ。

play10:04

それでは、この記事に対する海外の反応をご紹介します。

play10:10

■「DEATH NOTE」では、トランプ大統領の登場が、たとえ作家の個人的な感情表現だったとしても、

play10:17

その批判は数コマで収まるものではなく、権力、支配、責任といった作品全体のテーマを自然な形で間接的に表現している。

play10:28

逆に、マーベルの風刺画はトランプを叩くためだけに存在している。

play10:33

巧妙でもなく、示唆に富むものでもなく、ただ2ページにわたって作家が憂さ晴らししているだけだ。

play10:42

■人々がエンタメを見るのは空想にふけるためだろ?

play10:46

イデオロギーを説く手段としてエンタメを使うにしても、政治的なメッセージよりも楽しさを優先させなきゃ。

play10:54

アメリカには、物語展開やキャラ立ちを後回しにしてでもメッセージを押し付けようとする作家が多すぎるよ。

play11:02

だから、コミック市場でアメリカは日本にこてんぱんにされるんだ。

play11:08

■政治的なものを自然な形でストーリーに織り込むのと、現実の政治問題や人物を安易かつ強引に引用するのは全然違う。

play11:18

皆が言ってる「政治的」ってのは後者なんだが、彼らにはまだ理解できないようだね。

play11:26

■↑いや、彼らはわかったうえでやってると思うよ。彼らは活動家のほうを支持しているからね。

play11:34

■もし、日本のマンガがマーベルやDCの作品と同じくらい政治的だったら、彼らはさまざまな社会問題を創造的な方法で探求するんじゃないかな?

play11:46

きっと日本のマンガ家たちは、読者に考えさせるような作品を作るだろうし、実際そういった才能を持っているはずだ。

play11:55

それに彼らは独創的で多様なキャラクターを創造しているが、人気キャラの人種を変えたり、ノンケをゲイにするような真似はしないだろう。

play12:05

■まったく・・・ドラゴンボールまで政治的に見えるなんて、どうかしてるぜ。

play12:16

最後までご覧頂き、ありがとうございます。

play12:20

「ポリコレに負けず、日本のマンガ頑張れ!」って人は、高評価ボタンを押してくださいね。

play12:27

また、何か感想などありましたら、お気軽にコメントをお願いします。チャンネル登録も忘れないでくださいね。

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