AP Psychology Review: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Summary

In this AP Psychology review, Kimberly covers the treatment of psychological disorders, focusing on key approaches such as psychoanalysis, humanistic therapy, behavioral therapy, and cognitive therapy. She discusses techniques like free association, transference, counter conditioning, and systematic desensitization. Additionally, biological therapies, including ECT, psychosurgery, and pharmacology, are explored. The session also touches on modes of therapy like family, group, and 12-step programs, concluding with a mini-review quiz to reinforce learning.

Takeaways

• 📚 The video is an overview of treatment approaches for psychological disorders, covering key terms and concepts for AP Psychology exam preparation.
• 🧐 Psychoanalysis, developed by Sigmund Freud, involves probing past defense mechanisms and using free association to uncover the unconscious mind.
• 💭 Manifest content refers to the surface images and occurrences in dreams, which Freud believed represented deeper, meaningful content.
• 🔄 Transference is the process where patients redirect thoughts and feelings about past people or events onto the therapist.
• 🤔 Humanistic therapy, introduced by Carl Rogers, focuses on the client's present perception of reality and emphasizes genuine interaction and unconditional positive regard.
• 🧘 Gestalt therapy, created by Fritz Perls, combines physical and mental aspects to increase self-awareness and personal responsibility.
• 🔧 Behavioral therapy is a short-term process that addresses behaviors, thoughts, and feelings, using techniques like counter conditioning and systematic desensitization.
• 🤓 Cognitive therapy, including Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) by Albert Ellis, deals with maladaptive thinking patterns and irrational beliefs.
• 💊 Biological therapies encompass treatments like ECT, psychosurgery, and pharmacology, which use drugs to affect psychological and behavioral adaptations.
• 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Family therapy involves multiple family members and a therapist to facilitate communication and expression of feelings within the family system.
• 🤝 Group therapy and 12-step programs provide a supportive environment for clients to interact and share experiences, often without professional moderation.

Q & A

Who developed the psychoanalytic approach?

The psychoanalytic approach was developed by Sigmund Freud.

What is the primary tool for revealing the contents of the unconscious in psychoanalysis?

Free association is the primary tool for revealing the contents of the unconscious in psychoanalysis.

What does the term 'manifest content' refer to in Freud's theory?

In Freud's theory, 'manifest content' refers to the images and occurrences in dreams that represent the truly meaningful content.

What is transference in the context of therapy?

Transference is when the patient shifts thoughts and feelings about certain people or events onto the therapist.

Who is credited with the development of client-centered therapy?

Carl Rogers is credited with the development of client-centered therapy.

What is the main focus of the humanistic approach in therapy?

The humanistic approach focuses on the client's present perception of reality rather than the past.

What is the concept of 'unconditional positive regard' in therapy?

Unconditional positive regard is the acceptance and support of a person regardless of what the person says or does.

Who invented Gestalt therapy and what does it combine?

Fritz Perls invented Gestalt therapy, which combines physical and mental therapies to blend awareness of unconscious tensions with the belief in self-awareness.

What is the main focus of behavioral therapy?

Behavioral therapy focuses on either just behaviors or in combination with thoughts and feelings that might be caused by them.

What is the main idea behind Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)?

The main idea behind REBT is that people recite irrational statements to themselves when confronted with situations, leading to emotional distress.

What are the four classes of psychoactive drugs mentioned in the script?

The four classes of psychoactive drugs mentioned are antipsychotics, antidepressants, antianxiety drugs, and lithium salts.

How does electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) work?

ECT works by passing fairly high voltages of electricity across the patient's head.

What is the purpose of psychosurgery?

Psychosurgery, such as prefrontal lobotomy, is a biological treatment that involves cutting parts of the frontal lobe from the rest of the brain.

What is the main goal of cognitive therapy?

The main goal of cognitive therapy is to focus on maladaptive schemes and help individuals develop a more adaptive view of themselves, the world, and the future.

What is the concept of 'accurate empathetic understanding' in therapy?

Accurate empathetic understanding is the therapist's ability to view the world from the client's perspective, which is closely associated with client-centered therapy.

Which therapeutic approach is most closely associated with Albert Ellis?

Albert Ellis is most closely associated with Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT).

Which of the following is not a major class of drugs used for psycho therapeutic effect according to the script?

According to the script, the major classes of drugs are antipsychotics, antidepressants, antianxiety drugs, and lithium salts; thus, any option not including these would be incorrect.