Repertórios e argumentos para QUALQUER TEMA DE REDAÇÃO

Português de Sucesso

10 May 202216:36

Summary

TLDRThe video script discusses a pattern observed in public examination essays, such as those in Brazilian university entrance exams and the ENEM. It emphasizes the importance of addressing social issues and proposes a structured approach to essay writing, including the use of a binary thesis for 30-line essays and a unified thesis for 20-line essays. The speaker introduces three key arguments that can be universally applied: inequality, lack of government investment, and educational deficiency. Additionally, the script suggests using the Brazilian Constitution, the Industrial Revolution, and the arrival of the Portuguese in Brazil as versatile repertoires to enrich essay content, providing examples of how these elements can be integrated into high-scoring essays.

Takeaways

📚 There is a pattern in essay topics for public contests, entrance exams, and the ENEM (National High School Exam in Brazil) that often revolves around societal, historical, and mobility themes.
📈 The essay topics tend to be common across different contests, highlighting issues like inequality, lack of access, and behavioral problems in society.
📝 When writing essays, it's crucial to establish a clear thesis, which can be either binary (for a 30-line essay) or unitary (for a 20-line essay), and to support it with solid arguments.
🔍 Two common causative factors in essays are inequality and lack of government investment. These can be used as arguments to support various societal issues discussed in the essays.
🏛️ The Constitution of Brazil is a key reference that can be used in essays to discuss how laws and regulations either help or hinder societal issues.
🏭 The Industrial Revolution is another significant topic that can be used to discuss changes in work, money, labor, and consumption, and its impact on society.
🌳 Environmental issues can also be discussed in essays, linking mass production and consumption to environmental degradation and the need for recycling and preservation.
📚 Historical allusions, such as the arrival of the Portuguese in Brazil, can be used to discuss various themes like politics, language, xenophobia, and the impact of colonization.
📈 The script emphasizes the importance of understanding the pattern of essay writing in exams and contests, which involves a clear structure of introduction, development, and conclusion.
📋 The use of specific examples, such as the neglect of mental health by the state, can be used to illustrate how to effectively use arguments and repertoire in an essay to support a thesis.

Q & A

What is the common pattern in essay topics for public contests, entrance exams, and the ENEM?
-The common pattern in essay topics involves addressing social issues, historical themes, and mobility. These topics are designed to assess candidates' understanding of societal concerns and their ability to discuss them in a comprehensive manner.
Why is it important to understand the pattern in essay topics for exams like the ENEM?
-Understanding the pattern helps candidates to prepare more effectively for exams. It allows them to focus on key themes that are likely to be recurrent, such as social issues, and to develop a structured approach to their essays.
What are the three common themes that can be used in any essay topic?
-The three common themes are social issues, historical themes, and mobility. These themes are versatile and can be applied to various essay topics, making them essential for candidates to understand and discuss.
What is the significance of the Constitution in the context of essay topics?
-The Constitution is significant because it outlines the rights and responsibilities of citizens, and many social issues can be traced back to its provisions. It serves as a foundational document that can be referenced in essays to discuss various societal issues.
How does the Industrial Revolution relate to essay topics in exams?
-The Industrial Revolution is relevant as it has transformed the way people work, live, and consume. It can be used to discuss themes related to work, money, labor, and the impact of technology on society, which are common in essay topics.
What is the role of the arrival of the Portuguese in Brazil in essay topics?
-The arrival of the Portuguese in Brazil is a historical event that can be used to discuss various themes such as colonization, language dominance, cultural integration, and the impact on indigenous populations, which are relevant in many essay topics.
Why is it important to use a binary thesis for a 30-line argumentative essay?
-A binary thesis is important in a 30-line essay because it allows the candidate to present two main arguments or causes, which can be developed in the introduction and then expanded upon in the development sections, providing a clear and structured approach to the essay.
What is the significance of using a unified thesis for a 20-line argumentative essay?
-A unified thesis in a 20-line essay is significant as it focuses on a single main argument or cause, making it easier to present a concise and focused argument within the limited space, which is crucial for such a short essay.
How can historical allusions be used effectively in an essay?
-Historical allusions can be used to provide context and depth to an essay. They can help to illustrate the roots of current issues or to draw parallels between past and present events, enhancing the argument and making it more compelling.
What is the role of the state in addressing social issues as discussed in the script?
-The state plays a crucial role in addressing social issues. It is responsible for implementing policies and providing services that can alleviate societal problems. However, the script highlights instances where the state's negligence or lack of investment contributes to these issues.

Outlines

00:00

📝 Understanding Essay Writing Patterns

The speaker introduces the concept of common patterns in essay writing for public contests, university entrance exams, and the National High School Exam (ENEM) in Brazil. They emphasize that despite the variety of topics, there is a standard approach to essay themes, which often involve societal issues, history, and mobility. The speaker also discusses the importance of recognizing binary theses for 30-line argumentative texts and unitary theses for 20-line texts, suggesting a structured format of introduction, development, and conclusion, with two main arguments presented in the development sections.

05:00

🔍 Key Arguments for Essay Writing

This paragraph delves into the importance of proving arguments within an essay. The speaker outlines three recurring arguments that can be applied to various topics: inequality, lack of access or social problems, and behavioral issues. They explain that these arguments can be linked to societal structures, government investment, and educational deficiencies. The speaker also stresses the utility of these arguments as 'universal' tools that can fit into any essay topic, and encourages note-taking for future reference.

10:03

🏭 The Impact of Industrial Revolutions

The speaker discusses the relevance of the Industrial Revolutions in essay writing, highlighting how they have shaped work, money, labor, and consumption patterns. They mention the transition from artisanal to industrial production and the subsequent shifts in societal structures, including the introduction of labor laws and the evolution of work conditions. The paragraph also touches on the importance of understanding historical references and the role of capital in shaping modern society.

15:06

🌳 The Arrival of the Portuguese in Brazil

This paragraph focuses on the significance of the arrival of the Portuguese in Brazil as a theme that can be applied to various essay topics. The speaker discusses how this historical event is connected to issues of politics, language, xenophobia, land preservation, and racial miscegenation. They also explore the philosophical and ethical implications of the Portuguese colonization, such as the question of land ownership and the impact on indigenous peoples, suggesting that this theme can be used to address broader issues of intolerance, corruption, and social inequality.

🏥 Addressing the Neglect of Mental Health

The final paragraph provides an example of how to apply the discussed patterns and arguments in an essay about the state's neglect of mental health. The speaker uses the Constitution of Brazil as a reference point to argue that while the right to quality health is constitutionally guaranteed, the state fails to provide adequate assistance in this area. They highlight the need for state action to address the lack of investment and the perpetuation of stigma associated with mental health issues.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Redação

Redação, in the context of this video, refers to essay writing, a common component of competitive exams in Brazil such as public service exams, university entrance exams (vestibulares), and the National High School Exam (ENEM). The video discusses strategies for approaching essay topics, emphasizing the importance of understanding societal issues and historical context in essay writing.

💡Temas de Redação

Temas de Redação translates to 'essay topics'. The video suggests that there is a pattern in essay topics across various exams, often revolving around societal, historical, and mobility themes. This highlights the need for candidates to be prepared to discuss issues that are relevant to Brazilian society.

💡Constituição

The 'Constituição' (Constitution) is mentioned as a key reference in essay writing. It is suggested that the Constitution can be used to support arguments about societal issues, as many aspects of Brazilian life and rights are outlined within it. The video implies that understanding the Constitution can help in crafting compelling essays.

💡Revolução Industrial

Revolução Industrial, or 'Industrial Revolution', is highlighted as a significant historical event that has shaped modern society. The video discusses how this period transformed work, money, labor, and consumption, and how these changes can be used to analyze current societal issues in essay writing.

💡Desigualdade

Desigualdade, meaning 'inequality', is a recurring theme in the video. It is used to discuss societal issues such as unequal access to resources, time as money, and the need for government investment. The video suggests that inequality is a root cause of many problems discussed in essay topics.

💡Investimento Governamental

Investimento Governamental, or 'government investment', is mentioned as a critical factor in addressing societal issues. The video argues that a lack of government investment leads to problems like inequality and lack of access to essential services, which are common themes in essay writing.

💡Educação

Educação, or 'education', is discussed in relation to societal issues like inequality and the need for better access to education. The video suggests that educational deficiencies are a significant problem in Brazil, affecting everything from university admissions to the prison population.

💡Chegada dos Portugueses ao Brasil

Chegada dos Portugueses ao Brasil, or 'the arrival of the Portuguese in Brazil', is used to discuss historical context and its impact on contemporary issues. The video suggests that this event is relevant to discussions about Brazilian identity, language, and societal structures.

💡Repertório

Repertório, or 'repertoire', in this context refers to the set of knowledge and arguments that a candidate can use in essay writing. The video emphasizes the importance of having a broad and deep understanding of various topics to effectively support arguments in essays.

💡Tese Binária e Tese Unitária

Tese Binária e Tese Unitária, or 'binary thesis and unitary thesis', refer to different structures for organizing essay arguments. The video explains that a binary thesis is used for essays of 30 lines, while a unitary thesis is used for essays of 20 lines, indicating a structured approach to essay writing.

💡Negligência Estatal

Negligência Estatal, or 'state negligence', is used in the video to discuss the lack of state action in certain areas, such as mental health. The video provides an example of how this concept can be used to critique the state's role in societal issues, suggesting that state negligence contributes to problems like inequality and lack of access to services.

Highlights

There is a standard pattern in essay topics for public contests, entrance exams, and the ENEM, regardless of the specific contest.

Essay topics often revolve around societal issues, historical themes, and mobility.

The common thread in essays is the social aspect, which is crucial for understanding the pattern.

Essays typically require a binary thesis for a 30-line text and a unitary thesis for a 20-line text.

The essay structure usually consists of an introduction, development, and conclusion.

In the introduction, a problem is stated, and in the development, the causes and arguments are discussed.

There are common arguments that can be used in any topic, such as inequality, lack of access, and government investment.

Inequality is a recurring theme, often linked to the amount of work people do and the societal structure.

Lack of access to various societal benefits is often due to insufficient government investment.

Behavioral problems can be attributed to educational deficiencies in Brazil.

The high prison population is linked to educational shortcomings and school dropouts.

Three key themes that work well as 'filler' in any topic are inequality, lack of government investment, and educational deficiencies.

The Constitution is a useful repertoire to reference in essays as it outlines rights and societal norms.

The Industrial Revolution is a significant historical event that can be used to discuss various societal changes.

The arrival of the Portuguese in Brazil is a versatile theme that can be applied to numerous topics.

The example of a maximum score essay development shows how to effectively use the Constitution in an essay.

The state's negligence in mental health is a critical issue that can be addressed using constitutional rights.

The need for state action to improve the reality of mental health care is emphasized in the example essay.