Neck muscles (with actions and labels)

Anatomy Hero

28 Oct 202004:11

Summary

TLDRThis video delves into the muscles responsible for neck movement, focusing on flexion and extension. The sternocleidomastoid muscle, along with the anterior, middle, and posterior scalene muscles, facilitate neck flexion, enabling the head to tilt forward. Unilateral flexion allows for lateral neck bending. Muscles like the levator scapulae, splenius capitus, semi-spinalis capitus, and superior trapezius support neck extension, maintaining an upright head position and aiding in backward head movement. The video also briefly touches on muscles like the omohyoid and sternohyoid, with a dedicated video for hyoid muscles available.

Takeaways

📚 The video discusses the muscles responsible for neck movements, focusing on flexion and extension.
💪 The sternocleidomastoid muscle, attached to the sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process, is a key muscle in neck flexion.
🔍 Deeper muscles like the anterior, middle, and posterior scalene muscles assist in neck flexion.
👂 Flexing the scalene muscles unilaterally can result in lateral neck flexion, allowing you to touch your ear to your shoulder.
🚫 The levator scapulae muscle does not move the neck but instead elevates the scapula, as used in shrugging.
🔑 The splenius capitus and semi-spinalis capitus muscles, along with the upper part of the trapezius, are involved in neck extension.
📈 These muscles help maintain an upright head position and assist in pulling the head backward.
🔄 The superior belly of the omohyoid muscle is mentioned, which points towards the shoulder, and the sternohyoid muscle attaches to the sternum.
🔗 There is a dedicated video about hyoid muscles which will be linked in the description for further learning.
🧠 The script emphasizes understanding the different muscles' roles in neck movement for better knowledge of anatomy.
🔍 Additional muscles beneath the sternocleidomastoid are mentioned to provide a comprehensive view of the neck's muscular structure.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of the video?
-The video primarily discusses the muscles responsible for neck flexion and extension, along with mentioning some muscles on the neck that do not move the neck.
Which muscle is responsible for neck flexion and where is it located?
-The sternocleidomastoid muscle is responsible for neck flexion, and it is located on the front of the neck.
What are the three muscles located deep to the sternocleidomastoid that assist in neck flexion?
-The three muscles located deep to the sternocleidomastoid that assist in neck flexion are the anterior scalene, middle scalene, and posterior scalene.
What happens when you flex the scalene muscles unilaterally?
-When flexing the scalene muscles unilaterally, you laterally flex your neck, which involves bending your head towards your shoulder as if touching your ear to it.
What is the function of the levator scapulae muscle?
-The levator scapulae muscle is responsible for elevating the scapula, which is used when you shrug your shoulders.
Which muscles are involved in neck extension and help maintain an upright head position?
-The splenius capitus, semi-spinalis capitus, and the superior portion of the trapezius muscles are involved in neck extension and help maintain an upright head position.
What muscle is mentioned that is not involved in moving the neck but is located in the neck area?
-The levator scapulae muscle is mentioned as not being involved in moving the neck but is located in the neck area.
What is the omohyoid muscle and what does it signify?
-The omohyoid muscle has a superior and inferior belly, with 'omo' meaning shoulder, indicating its function or location in relation to the shoulder.
What is the function of the sternohyoid muscle?
-The sternohyoid muscle is involved in neck flexion, as it attaches to the sternum and assists in bending the head forward.
Is there additional information about hyoid muscles available in other videos?
-Yes, there is a dedicated video about hyoid muscles that will be linked in the description for those who want to learn more.
What is the significance of the sternocleidomastoid muscle's name?
-The name 'sternocleidomastoid' signifies its attachment points: the sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process, which helps in identifying its location and function.

Outlines

00:00

💪 Muscles of the Neck: Flexion and Extension

This paragraph introduces the topic of the video, focusing on the muscles responsible for neck flexion and extension. It highlights the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which is attached to the sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process, and its role in neck movement. Additionally, it mentions the anterior, middle, and posterior scalene muscles, which assist in flexing the neck and can also perform lateral flexion when contracted unilaterally. The paragraph also touches on muscles like the levator scapulae, which elevates the scapula, and the splenius capitus, which, along with the semi-spinalis capitus and the superior portion of the trapezius, are involved in neck extension.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Neck Flexion

Neck flexion refers to the movement of bending the head forward, bringing the chin closer to the chest. It is a fundamental movement that the muscles in the front of the neck facilitate. In the video, the script discusses the muscles responsible for neck flexion, emphasizing their role in this movement.

💡Sternocleidomastoid

The sternocleidomastoid is a large muscle located on the sides of the neck, attached to the sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process. It plays a significant role in neck flexion, as it helps to pull the head forward. The script mentions this muscle as a key player in the movement of the neck.

💡Scalene Muscles

The scalene muscles, including the anterior, middle, and posterior scalene, are deep muscles in the neck that assist in flexing the neck and, when flexed unilaterally, in laterally flexing the neck. The script explains that these muscles are located beneath the sternocleidomastoid and contribute to various neck movements.

💡Lateral Flexion

Lateral flexion of the neck involves bending the head to one side, as if touching the ear to the shoulder. The script mentions that flexing the scalene muscles on one side can result in lateral flexion, illustrating the versatility of these muscles in neck movement.

💡Levator Scapulae

The levator scapulae muscle, as its name suggests, is primarily responsible for elevating the scapula rather than moving the neck directly. The script points out that while this muscle is located in the neck area, its function is distinct from the muscles that move the neck.

💡Splenius Capitus

The splenius capitus is a muscle that sits atop the semi-spinalis capitus and is involved in neck extension. The script describes its position and function, indicating that it helps in keeping the head in an upright position and extending the neck.

💡Semi-Spinalis Capitus

The semi-spinalis capitus is a muscle that, along with the splenius capitus, contributes to neck extension. It is mentioned in the script as being located beneath the splenius capitus and plays a role in maintaining the head's upright posture and extending the neck.

💡Trapezius Muscle

The trapezius is a large muscle that spans from the neck to the shoulder blades. The script specifies the superior portion of the trapezius as being involved in neck extension, helping to pull the head backward towards the back.

💡Omohyoid Muscle

The omohyoid muscle has a superior and inferior belly, with 'omo' meaning shoulder, indicating its connection to the shoulder area. The script briefly mentions this muscle in the context of the muscles located beneath the sternocleidomastoid, suggesting its proximity to the neck's movement muscles.

💡Sternohyoid

The sternohyoid muscle is named for its attachment to the sternum and is mentioned in the script as being adjacent to the superior belly of the omohyoid. While not directly involved in neck flexion or extension, its location is relevant to the overall anatomy discussed in the video.

💡Hydro Muscles

The hyoid muscles, including the sternohyoid, are a group of muscles associated with the hyoid bone and play a role in various head and neck movements. The script refers to a dedicated video about these muscles, indicating their importance in the broader context of neck anatomy.

Highlights

Introduction to the muscles involved in neck movement, focusing on flexion and extension.

Explanation of neck flexion and the muscles responsible for it, located at the front of the neck.

Identification of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and its attachment points.

Description of the anterior, middle, and posterior scalene muscles and their role in neck flexion.

Unilateral flexion of the neck muscles and its effect on lateral flexion.

Introduction of the levator scapulae muscle and its function in elevating the scapula.

Mention of the splenius capitus muscle and its position relative to other neck muscles.

Role of the semi-spinalis capitus muscle in neck extension.

Function of the superior portion of the trapezius muscle in maintaining an upright head position.

Brief mention of muscles beneath the sternocleidomastoid for a comprehensive understanding.

Identification of the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle and its anatomical landmarks.

Introduction of the sternohyoid muscle and its attachment to the sternum.

Reference to a dedicated video on hyoid muscles for further learning.

Clarification on muscles that do not move the neck but are located in the neck area.

Emphasis on the importance of understanding muscle function for proper neck movement and health.

Summary of the video's educational content on neck muscles and their functions.