Teknologi Konstruksi Terowongan Modern yang Menakjubkan Dunia

Summary

This video explores the seven largest tunnel boring machines (TBMs) in the world, showcasing their massive scale and unique capabilities. From the TBM used in Switzerland’s Belchen Tunnel to those digging through the Caucasus Mountains and the Yangtze River in China, the video highlights each machine's specifications, including their power, diameter, and notable projects. These giant machines are essential in constructing underground tunnels for transportation, contributing to global infrastructure. The video offers a fascinating look at the engineering marvels behind these massive construction projects.

Takeaways

• 😀 Tunnel boring machines (TBMs) have been evolving since 1853 to assist with large-scale underground construction projects.
• 😀 TBMs can dig through tough materials like rock and place concrete components for infrastructure like roads and railways.
• 😀 TBMs range in size, with some machines reaching diameters of up to 17.6 meters and weighing several thousand tons.
• 😀 The 7 largest TBMs in the world have been involved in significant tunneling projects like those in Switzerland, China, Italy, and the United States.
• 😀 TBM MX947, with a diameter of 13.9 meters and a weight of 2,000 tons, was used for tunnel reconstruction in Switzerland, digging up to 90 meters per week.
• 😀 The Caucasus TBM, produced in China, has a diameter of 15.08 meters and is used for a 9 km tunnel project connecting China and Europe through the Caucasus mountains.
• 😀 The TDMS 317 TBM, weighing 2,300 tons, was used in Shanghai to tunnel beneath the Yangtze River, enduring high water pressure.
• 😀 Martina TBM, with a diameter of 15.6 meters, was used to build the Sparco tunnel in Italy, capable of excavating 24 meters per day.
• 😀 Santa Lucia TBM, weighing 5,000 tons, was used in Italy for a project to increase connectivity between Bologna and Florence, with a maximum thrust of 314,620 tons.
• 😀 The Berta TBM, with a diameter of 17.5 meters, was used for a 3.2 km tunnel project in Washington State, USA, with a remarkable 1.8 rpm rotation speed.
• 😀 The No. 12 TBM, used for underwater tunnels in a 5 km project, features a diameter of 17.6 meters and is designed for deep-sea construction, operating 60 meters below the surface.

Q & A

What year did tunnel boring machines (TBM) start being used for tunnel construction?

Tunnel boring machines have been used since 1853 for underground construction, especially for tunnels and roadways.

What is the primary function of a tunnel boring machine (TBM)?

A tunnel boring machine is used to dig tunnels through rock and soil, and it also places concrete segments to line the tunnels for infrastructure projects such as roads and railways.

What is the size of the 7TB MX947 tunnel boring machine?

The 7TB MX947 has a diameter of 13.9 meters, a length of 75 meters, and weighs a total of 2000 tons.

What specific project was the 7TB MX947 used for?

The 7TB MX947 was used for the reconstruction of the Belchan Tunnel in the Swiss Alps, and it could drill tunnels up to 90 meters per week.

How powerful is the 7TB MX947 in terms of installed power and torque?

The 7TB MX947 has an installed power of 3500 kilowatts and a torque of 6300 kN-m.

What is the size and capacity of the 'Six The Caucasus' tunnel boring machine?

The 'Six The Caucasus' machine has a diameter of 15.08 meters, a length of 182 meters, and weighs 3900 tons. It provides a maximum thrust of 22,000 tons and an installed power of 9900 kilowatts.

Which country and project involved the 'Six The Caucasus' TBM?

The 'Six The Caucasus' TBM was used in Georgia to build a 9-kilometer tunnel through the Caucasus mountains, which connects to important highways linking China and Europe.

What is the unique feature of the 5 TDMS 317 tunnel boring machine?

The 5 TDMS 317 TBM is designed to withstand high water pressure and excavates a combination of clay, sand, rock, and water. It was used in Shanghai, China, to drill a 7.4 km tunnel beneath the Yangtze River.

What was the specific application of the Martina tunnel boring machine?

The Martina TBM, with a diameter of 15.6 meters and weighing 4500 tons, was used in Italy for the construction of the Sparco Tunnel, which is 2.4 kilometers long.

What is the purpose of the Santa Lucia TBM, and where was it used?

The Santa Lucia TBM, used in Italy, was designed to protect workers from methane gas leaks during tunnel construction. It was used to build a 7.7 km tunnel to improve connectivity between Bologna and Florence.