Sejarah Penulisan Al-Qur'an: Dari Wahyu hingga Mushaf Utsmani | Kisah di Balik Kitab Suci Islam

Summary

This video explores the remarkable history of the Quran, revealing how it has remained unchanged for over 14 centuries. From the first revelation to Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) in 610 AD, to memorization and early recordings on palm leaves, leather, and bones, the Quran was meticulously preserved by the Prophet and his companions. After his death, the compilation into a single mushaf under Caliph Abu Bakr and the standardization by Caliph Uthman ensured its authenticity. The Ottoman Mushaf further preserved the text, with improvements to Arabic script but no change to its content, demonstrating a divine preservation that continues through memorization by millions of Muslims today.

Takeaways

• 📜 The Quran, revealed over 14 centuries ago, has remained completely authentic without a single letter changing.
• 👼 The Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) through Angel Gabriel, beginning in 610 AD.
• 🗣️ Early revelation was primarily memorized orally, reflecting the strong oral tradition in Arab culture.
• ✍️ Some companions also recorded the Quran on materials like date palm leaves, leather, and camel shoulder blades.
• 📝 Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) ensured that all written verses matched what was revealed by Gabriel.
• 📖 Verses were arranged in a specific order by divine instruction even before being collected in a single book.
• ⚔️ After the Prophet's death, the Ridah war caused the death of many Quran memorizers, prompting Abu Bakr to compile a written mushaf.
• 📚 Caliph Uthman (bin Affan) standardized the Quran into one mushaf to prevent differences in reading, distributing copies to key Islamic regions.
• 🖋️ Later improvements in Arabic script, including dots and harakat, did not alter the content or structure of the Quran.
• 🌍 The Ottoman Mushaf became the standard text for all Muslims, preserving the Quran's authenticity for over 14 centuries.
• 💡 The history of the Quran emphasizes the importance of memorization and careful documentation to maintain its divine preservation.
• 🙌 Millions of Muslims continue to memorize the Quran perfectly today, following the tradition established by the companions.

Q & A

When was the first revelation of the Quran received by Prophet Muhammad?

The first revelation of the Quran was received in 610 AD in Guahira when Prophet Muhammad was 40 years old.

What was the first verse revealed to Prophet Muhammad?

The first verse revealed was 'Iqra’ bismi rabbika' which means 'Read in the name of your Lord who created'.

Why was memorization emphasized in the early transmission of the Quran?

Oral tradition was strong in Arab culture, and memorization ensured accurate preservation of the revelations before they were widely written down.

Which materials were used by the companions to record the Quranic revelations?

The companions recorded verses on date palm stems, camel shoulder blades, leather sheets, and other materials.

Who were some of the primary scribes of the Quran during Prophet Muhammad’s lifetime?

Primary scribes included Zaid bin Tsabit, Ubay bin Ka'ab, and Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan, among others.

What prompted Abu Bakr to compile the Quran into a single mushaf?

Many memorizers of the Quran were killed during the Ridah wars, creating the risk of losing parts of the Quran, which led Abu Bakr to compile it into a single mushaf.

How did Caliph Uthman ensure uniformity in the Quranic text?

Caliph Uthman formed a team to produce a standardized mushaf, sent copies to major Islamic centers, and ordered other variant copies to be burned to prevent differences in reading.

Which companions assisted Zaid bin Tsabit in compiling the standardized mushaf under Uthman?

The team included Abdullah bin Zubair, Sa’id bin Al-As, and Abdurrahman bin Harith bin Hisam.

What contributions did the Ottoman era scholars make to the Quranic text?

They introduced improvements to Arabic script, such as dots and harakat, without altering the content or structure of the Ottoman Mushaf.

Why is the preservation of the Quran considered a miracle?

Because the Quran has remained completely authentic and unchanged for over 14 centuries, demonstrating extraordinary divine safeguarding and meticulous human effort.

Who held the compiled mushaf after Abu Bakr’s death?

After Abu Bakr’s death, the mushaf was held by Caliph Umar bin Khattab, and after Umar’s death, it was kept by Hafsah binti Umar, one of the Prophet’s wives.

How does the history of Quran writing reflect the role of Prophet Muhammad in preserving the revelations?

The Prophet ensured each verse was correctly recorded and taught its proper order in surahs, emphasizing both memorization and accurate documentation to maintain authenticity.