Brandon Sanderson's 9 Step Outlining Method

Yarn Ray
12 Jul 202111:27

Summary

TLDRCe script de vidéo présente le processus de structuration en neuf étapes de Brandon Sanderson, un outil pour améliorer l'écriture de récits. Il commence par un aperçu de l'histoire, puis explore les paramètres, les personnages principaux, secondaires et mineurs, et les types de intrigues. Sanderson insiste sur l'importance d'un dénouement retentissant et combine ensuite les différentes intrigues en une narration cohérente, permettant à l'auteur une liberté créative tout en offrant une structure globale.

Takeaways

  • 📝 L'importance de la synthèse initiale : Commencer par un bref résumé du récit pour établir le ton et le concept général de l'histoire.
  • 🌐 L'ampleur de l'univers : Explorer la construction de monde, la technologie, la magie, les systèmes et les cultures, en fonction du genre de l'histoire.
  • 🔍 Le détail du milieu : Le milieu ne se limite pas à la géographie, mais inclut également les caractéristiques uniques des races extraterrestres ou les mystères d'une cité perdue.
  • 📚 L'encyclopédie de l'univers : Sanderson utilise une section d'encyclopedia pour détailler l'univers de son histoire, y compris les secrets importants.
  • 👥 L'importance des personnages : Développer les personnages principaux, secondaires et mineurs en utilisant des paragraphes pour explorer leurs désirs, leurs défauts et leurs arcs narratifs.
  • 🔑 L'identification des archétypes de l'intrigue : Comprendre les différents types d'histoires qui composent l'intrigue pour maintenir une narration cohérente.
  • 🏁 La fin idéale : Déterminer la meilleure façon d'achever l'histoire pour satisfaire le lecteur, en gardant à l'esprit les arcs des personnages et les types de l'intrigue.
  • 📋 La préparation de l'intrigue : Utiliser des points de vue sous forme de points à coches pour connecter les débuts et les fins des différentes intrigues.
  • 📚 L'organisation des arcs narratifs : Sanderson structure l'intrigue en séparant les arcs narratifs pour une meilleure organisation et compréhension.
  • ✍️ L'écriture guidée : Utiliser les points de vue comme une aide pour écrire l'histoire, en les combinant et en les ajustant pour former une narration continue.
  • 🛠️ L'outil d'organisation : L'approche de Sanderson offre une structure globale tout en permettant une flexibilité individuelle pour chaque chapitre, permettant ainsi une liberté créative.

Q & A

  • Quel est le but du processus de structuration en neuf étapes de Sanderson mentionné dans la vidéo ?

    -Le but est d'améliorer la rédaction en fournissant un cadre pour développer une histoire de manière cohérente et structurée.

  • Pourquoi Sanderson a-t-il utilisé un exemple de son propre synopsis dans cette vidéo ?

    -Pour illustrer visuellement le processus de structuration et montrer comment il s'applique à une histoire réelle.

  • Quel est le premier pas du processus de Sanderson et pourquoi est-il important ?

    -Le premier pas est un aperçu de l'histoire. Il est important car il permet de définir le ton et de transposer l'idée générale de l'histoire du cerveau sur le papier.

  • Comment Sanderson aborde-t-il la question de la mise en place dans son processus de structuration ?

    -La mise en place est le deuxième pas, où il explore la construction de l'univers, la technologie, la magie, les systèmes, les cultures et d'autres caractéristiques pertinentes pour l'histoire.

  • Quels sont les éléments clés que Sanderson mentionne pour la section de la mise en place dans son synopsis ?

    -Les éléments clés incluent la planète, les villes principales, la race extraterrestre, la société et la culture humaines, l'école du protagoniste et le 'secret'.

  • Quelle est la différence entre les personnages principaux, secondaires et mineurs dans le processus de Sanderson ?

    -Les personnages principaux reçoivent le plus de développement avec plusieurs paragraphes chacun, tandis que les secondaires et mineurs en ont respectivement moins, mais le processus reste flexible pour permettre une profondeur de développement en fonction de l'importance du personnage dans l'histoire.

  • Pourquoi Sanderson identifie-t-il les types de intrigues dans l'étape six de son processus ?

    -Pour maintenir une narration cohérente où les différentes intrigues s'appuient mutuellement et enrichissent l'histoire globale plutôt que de se détruire les unes les autres.

  • Quel est le but de déterminer une conclusion idéale pour l'histoire à l'étape sept du processus de Sanderson ?

    -Pour guider la construction de l'intrigue et assurer que l'histoire aboutisse à une fin satisfaisante qui laisse les lecteurs réfléchir à une histoire incroyable.

  • Comment Sanderson relie-t-il les différentes intrigues dans l'étape huit de son processus ?

    -En utilisant des points de vue sous forme de points à coches pour chaque type d'intrigue, qui sont ensuite combinés pour former une série d'événements continus et intéressants.

  • Quelle est la dernière étape du processus de Sanderson et comment cela aide-t-il à structurer l'histoire finale ?

    -La dernière étape est d'écrire l'histoire en utilisant les points de vue comme un guide pour combiner les différentes parties en une narration continue.

  • Pourquoi Sanderson considère-t-il l'élaboration de son synopsis comme un processus intégré à l'écriture plutôt qu'une étape séparée ?

    -Parce que cela lui permet d'avoir une vision globale de l'histoire tout en offrant de la flexibilité pour la création de scènes individuelles, ce qui favorise une inspiration créative.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Présentation du processus d'esquisse de Sanderson

Dans le premier paragraphe, l'auteur introduit le processus d'esquisse en neuf étapes de Brandon Sanderson, expliquant comment il peut être utilisé pour améliorer l'écriture personnelle. Il mentionne l'utilisation d'un exemple d'esquisse de Sanderson de son livre 'Skyward', et avertit que des spoilers pourraient être révélés. L'objectif de cette étape est de fournir un aperçu sommaire de l'intrigue et de définir le ton et le concept général de l'histoire. L'auteur souligne que ces neuf étapes ne sont pas des commandements invariables, mais plutôt des outils à adapter au processus créatif de chacun.

05:01

🌏 Développement du cadre et de la construction de monde

Le deuxième paragraphe se concentre sur l'importance de l'élément de cadre et de la construction de monde dans l'écriture, en particulier pour les romans de fantasy. Il est décrit comme un ensemble d'informations qui peuvent inclure la technologie, la magie, les cultures, etc., qui influencent l'intrigue. Sanderson utilise cette section comme une référence et une base pour le reste de l'histoire, y incluant même des indices sur des secrets importants qui pourraient être révélés plus tard dans l'intrigue.

10:03

🎭 Découverte des personnages principaux et secondaires

Dans le troisième paragraphe, l'accent est mis sur la création des personnages, qui est un élément clé de toute histoire. Il est divisé en plusieurs étapes, allant de la description des personnages principaux, passant par les personnages secondaires, jusqu'aux personnages mineurs. Chaque catégorie de personnages est traitée avec une profondeur qui dépend de leur importance dans l'intrigue, permettant au lecteur d'explorer leurs particularités et leurs parcours.

📘 Identification des archétypes de intrigue et détermination de la fin idéale

Le quatrième paragraphe traite de la détermination des différents archétypes de intrigue qui seront utilisés dans l'histoire, ainsi que de la façon dont ces intrigues se connecteront pour former une narration cohérente. Il insiste sur l'importance de maintenir une histoire cohérente et de ne pas dilapider les ressources narratives entre les différentes intrigues. Sanderson identifie explicitement les types d'histoires qu'il raconte pour étudier d'autres exemples et créer une recette unique à partir de ces ingrédients.

📝 Établissement des points de vue et construction de l'intrigue

Dans le cinquième paragraphe, l'auteur explique comment Sanderson structure son intrigue en utilisant des points de vue distincts pour chaque type d'intrigue identifié précédemment. Chaque type d'intrigue a ses propres points de début et de fin, qui sont ensuite connectés par des points clés pour former une série d'événements cohérente. Cette méthode permet de combiner les éléments de l'histoire en une narration attrayante tout en offrant une grande liberté créative au niveau chapitre par chapitre.

📖 Écriture de l'histoire en unissant les différentes parties

Le sixième et dernier paragraphe conclut le processus en expliquant comment Sanderson écrit son histoire. Il combine les différentes intrigues identifiées dans les étapes précédentes en les réunissant pour former un récit continu. Ce processus offre une structure globale tout en permettant une flexibilité au niveau des scènes, permettant ainsi à l'auteur de maintenir une vision globale tout en ayant la liberté de créer au niveau individuel des chapitres.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Processus de cadrage en neuf étapes

Le 'Processus de cadrage en neuf étapes' est la méthode abordée dans la vidéo pour améliorer l'écriture. Il s'agit d'une technique permettant de structurer une histoire de manière cohérente. Dans le script, cette méthode est utilisée comme fil conducteur pour expliquer comment développer l'intrigue et les personnages d'une histoire, en commençant par un aperçu général et en aboutissant à l'écriture de l'histoire en elle-même.

💡Aperçu de l'histoire

L'expression 'Aperçu de l'histoire' fait référence à la première étape du processus de cadrage, où l'on résume brèvement l'intrigue de l'histoire. Dans le script, cela permet d'établir le ton et de dégager une vision globale de l'histoire avant de se plonger plus profondément dans les détails.

💡Milieu

Le 'Milieu' est un concept clé dans la création littéraire, qui englobe les éléments tels que la géographie, la technologie, les systèmes magiques et les cultures. Dans le script, l'auteur insiste sur l'importance de l'exploration du milieu pour ancrer l'histoire dans un univers crédible et immersif.

💡Personnages principaux

Les 'Personnages principaux' sont les individus centraux autour desquels s'articule l'histoire. Le script explique comment les développer en détails, en décrivant leurs désirs, leurs défauts et leurs arcs narratifs, ce qui est essentiel pour rendre l'histoire captivante et émotionnellement engageante.

💡Personnages secondaires

Ils soutiennent l'intrigue tout en étant moins centraux que les personnages principaux. Dans le script, il est question de consacrer moins d'espace à leur description par rapport aux personnages principaux, tout en laissant l'auteur le libre choix de développer autant qu'il le souhaite.

💡Personnages mineurs

Les 'Personnages mineurs', tout comme les secondaires, sont importants pour la texture de l'histoire, bien qu'ils ne soient pas essentiels au récit principal. Le script suggère de décrire ces personnages de manière plus brève, tout en reconnaissant l'importance de leur contribution à l'univers narratif.

💡Archétypes de l'intrigue

Les 'Archétypes de l'intrigue' sont des structures narratives utilisées pour construire des histoires cohérentes. Le script souligne l'importance de les identifier pour étudier d'autres exemples et ainsi enrichir la propre histoire, en garantissant que chaque sous-intrigue contribue à l'ensemble.

💡Conclusion idéale

La 'Conclusion idéale' est une notion qui se rapporte à la fin de l'histoire qui doit satisfaire le lecteur. Le script met en évidence la nécessité pour un auteur de déterminer dès le début ce que constitue la meilleure fin possible pour son histoire, ce qui influencera la façon dont les événements sont présentés tout au long du récit.

💡Écriture de l'histoire

L'étape finale du processus de cadrage, l' 'Écriture de l'histoire', implique de prendre les points de cadrage et de les combiner en une narration cohérente. Dans le script, cette étape est présentée comme une opportunité de structurer les éléments de l'histoire de manière à ce qu'ils forment un puzzle complet.

💡Créativité

La 'Créativité' est un aspect essentiel de l'écriture, qui permet à l'auteur de donner vie à son histoire. Le script insiste sur le fait que, bien que le processus de cadrage fourni une structure, il est important de laisser de la place à la créativité pour que l'inspiration puisse s'exprimer lors de l'écriture.

💡Sanderson

Brandon Sanderson est l'auteur au centre de la vidéo, dont la méthode de cadrage est expliquée en détail. Le script utilise ses techniques de cadrage et son approche de l'écriture pour illustrer comment construire une histoire riche et bien structurée.

Highlights

Sanderson's Nine-Step Outlining Process is introduced as a method to improve writing.

The process includes an overview of the story as the first step, setting the tone and general concept.

The nine steps are tools, not infallible commands, and can be adapted to the writer's process.

Step Two involves setting, which can be extensive, especially in secondary world fantasy novels.

The setting section should read like an encyclopedia, covering all aspects of the world.

Characters are crucial, and the process dedicates three steps to detailing main, secondary, and minor characters.

Main characters receive in-depth analysis, including their flaws and arcs.

Secondary and minor characters are also important but receive less detailed treatment.

Step Six is about identifying plot archetypes, which are essential for a cohesive narrative.

Plot archetypes should build upon each other, not detract from one another.

Step Seven focuses on determining the best ending for the story, leaving a lasting impression on readers.

Step Eight involves connecting plot beginnings and ends with bullet points for each plot type.

The final step is writing the story, using bullet points as guidance to create a continuous narrative.

Sanderson's method provides structure on a macro scale while allowing flexibility on a micro scale.

Outlining is not separate from writing; it's an integral part of the creative process.

The video provides a link to Sanderson's Skyward outline and lectures for further learning.

Transcripts

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in this video we'll be looking at

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sanderson's nine-step outlining process

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and figuring out how you can use it to

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improve your own writing for a visual

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example I'll be using one of sanderson's

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actual outlines throughout this video If

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you haven't read his book Skyward there

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will be some plot points revealed so do

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keep that in mind but with that out of

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the way someone's texting me with that

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out of the way let's get on to Step One

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the first step of a Sanderson style

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outline is an overview of the story this

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is a brief single paragraph summary of

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your plot the main purpose of this

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section is to set the tone and get the

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General concept of the story out of your

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head and onto the paper if this outline

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were an iceberg this section would be

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just the very tip after you find your

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footing here we'll dive much deeper to

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discover the actual foundations of your

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story very quickly though before we get

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to step two I want to clarify something

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you should not view these nine steps as

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a set of infallible commands that you

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must follow if you want to write well

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you do not have to use every one of

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these sections and you definitely don't

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have to use them in the order I'm

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providing them this is just another set

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of tools for you to use in the way that

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best suits your creative process anyway

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on to step two step two is setting and

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this can be a big one depending on the

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type of story you're writing if you're

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writing a secondary World fantasy novel

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like Brandon Sanderson often does then

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this section is probably going to be

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massive if you're writing a modern

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romance set in a small town then this

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section will still be helpful but you

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probably won't need to dive quite as

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deep this is where you're going to start

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exploring worldbuilding technology magic

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systems cultures and any other features

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of your setting that's going to play

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into your story to give you an idea of

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what we're putting here Sanderson says

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that in his case this section reads like

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an encyclopedia keep in mind that

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setting doesn't just mean physical

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features or geography if your story

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features an alien race dive deeper into

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what makes them unique if there's a

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mysterious lost city in your novel this

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is the section where you'd fill in the

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details of how that City went missing

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what you write in this section does not

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have to make an explicit appearance in

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your novel this is a tool for you to use

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as both a reference and also a sort of

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foundation for the rest of your story in

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sanderson's case when outlining Skyward

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he made headings for the following in

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the settings section the planet the

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story takes place on the main cities on

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that planet the alien race featured in

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the story the human society and culture

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the school that the protagonist attends

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and also a very mysterious heading that

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simply reads the

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secret the secret is a section that you

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should consider having in your own

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outline especially if you have a big

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twist hidden somewhere in your world

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building for example if you're writing a

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Sci-Fi novel where the sun inexplicably

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turns off one day this is the section

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where you would explain why the sun

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turned off and if you are writing that

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story you should let me know because I

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want to know why the sun turned off that

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seems bad that seems like a serious

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situation right along with previous

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heading Sanderson also explains the

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technology and certain mechanics

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important to his story in this case the

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dog fighting mechanics and an outline of

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the tech available to the different

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Societies in this story finally at the

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end of the setting section he includes a

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word on art design and also Societies in

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the real world analogous to those in his

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story now that we're done with setting

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we need to write a nice big heading for

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character obviously characters are very

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important to telling a story so this

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section is going to be pretty large so

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large in fact that it takes up three of

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the nine steps to writing a Sanderson

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style outline first come the main

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characters each main character gets

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their own heading along with a few

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paragraphs diving deeper into the

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details who are they what do they want

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and what Journey will we be following

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them on throughout your story Sanderson

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writes two to five paragraphs about each

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main character describing who they are

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along with diving into what their flaw

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and character arcs are this is the

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section to explore what makes your

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characters interesting what makes them

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worth having an entire story about where

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are they at where do they want to be and

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what part of who they are is preventing

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them from bridging that Gap how to write

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compelling characters is unfortunately

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beyond the purview of this particular

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video but it is a topic I plan on diving

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deeper into in the future so be sure to

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subscribe so you don't miss that once

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you've covered the main characters the

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next two steps should be a breeze first

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list your secondary characters these are

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characters that are still important to

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the story just not quite as important as

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the main cast Sanderson as I said before

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typically writes three to five

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paragraphs for each of his main

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characters but only two to three for

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each of his secondary characters I will

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reemphasize though these are not rules

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set in stone if you want to write a lot

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about your secondary characters if

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there's a particular character that

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falls into this category that you just

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can't contain yourself about that's

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awesome just write until you don't want

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to write anymore it's really as simple

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as it is the these are just guidelines

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not rules guidelines you know

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like the speed limit no I'm kidding not

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like the speed limit that's a rule

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that's a rule

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rule here guideline guideline here the

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next step is minor characters this is

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very similar to how we handle the main

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and secondary cast they're just another

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rung down when it comes to importance

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Sanderson typically only writes a

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paragraph or two about this Bunch but

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you can write as little or as much as

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you like now step six this is different

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because we're not actually writing

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anything down for this step it's more of

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a preparation step before we can build

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our actual plot we need to determine

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what plot archetypes we'll be using

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stories don't just have one plot they

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have multiple plots which hopefully come

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together to form a cohesive narrative

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it's common in fantasy for example to

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have your Heroes saving the world that's

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the a plot while also falling in love

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that's the B plot you can have a plots B

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plots C plots you can use the whole

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alphabet if you want the trick is to

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maintain a story that's cohesive adding

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a new plot line should not siphon

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resources away from another they should

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build upon each other resulting in a

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story that's greater than the sum of its

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parts to put it more succinctly before

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we can tell our story we need to know

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what types of stories we're telling

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that's all step sixes in the fantasy

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book I just talked about for example

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your two plots would be saving the world

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and falling in love Sanderson likes to

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explicitly identify which types of

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stories he's telling so he can study

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other occurrences of them for a fantasy

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Save the World plot you could look to

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Lord of the Rings for inspiration for a

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fantasy romance sub plot you could look

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at most fantasy books probably if we're

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being completely honest but misbourne is

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a good more concrete example Sanderson

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loves to act as a sort of a chef with

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his books grabbing ingredients from

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other similar stories and combining into

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his own unique recipe that's why when

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outlining he identifies his plot types

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first identifying what type of story

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he's telling early gives him ample

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opportunity to explore what makes that

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type of story great once you have your

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plot archetypes in mind it's time to

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answer a difficult but important

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question question what is the best way

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to bring these plots to a satisfying

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conclusion basically at the moment we

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know where our character begins because

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of steps 1 through five and we have a

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vague idea of what kind of Journey

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they're going on thanks to step six now

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we need to determine with this character

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in this setting under these

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circumstances what is the best way this

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story can end and I don't mean best as

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in happy I mean best as in what will

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leave your readers thinking that was an

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incredible story Sanderson puts a lot of

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emphasis in finding an amazing ending

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very very early in the process this

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tells him what sort of promises to make

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early in the story and what sort of

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progress will be satisfying given this

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conclusion after you found that

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conclusion you can move on to step eight

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disconnected plots so we haven't

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actually wrote anything since the

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character section this has been one big

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mental puzzle now it is time to get the

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pen back to paper we have a beginning we

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have an end now we need to connect the

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dots with the actual meat and potatoes

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of the story Sanderson doesn't just

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summarize the entire story when

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outlining he splits the plot section

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into different headings for each

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different plot typee remember on step

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six when we determine which archetypes

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would make up our story well now each of

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those types gets its own heading in the

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plot section under these headings write

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one bullet point explaining the

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beginning of the plot and one bullet

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point explaining the ending step eight

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is filling that Gap adding additional

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bullet points until they form a

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continuous interesting series of events

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this is when the real work of plotting

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your story comes into play you should

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have a great Foundation to work off of

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since we've spent the previous steps

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building the characters and setting of

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your story even with that being the case

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though it'll probably still be a

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challenge to combine these elements into

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a compelling narrative if you need

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guidance when it comes to plotting there

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are numerous resources at your disposal

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look into save the cat the threea

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structure and the hero's journey as a

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start I plan on making videos on all of

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those topics in the future but what

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you're watching right now is actually my

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first video ever so I sadly can't

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recommend my own videos for your further

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research if you're watching in the

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future though first off hi happy to see

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that we're still uh being humans and

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care about stories and stuff in the

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future that's nice but also check out my

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other videos they're probably out by now

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you could learn a lot once we do finish

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up plotting what this step leaves us

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with is a collection of disconnected

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plots one set of bullet points for your

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a story one set of bullet points for

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your B and one set for each of the rest

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these separate outlines prepare us for

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the final and most important step step

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nine writing your story now I know what

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you're thinking how am I supposed to

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write my story I have like three or four

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separate outlines here instead of the

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one that I need well this might be the

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most interesting part about how Brandon

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Sanderson outlines his stories he

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outlines the plots separately then grabs

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bullet points from each plot combining

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them into chapters like they pieces to

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the overall puzzle that is his novel

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writing The Stormlight Archive books for

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example he outlines each point of view

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separately then as he goes through each

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chapter he picks from the bullet points

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using them like tasks on a to-do list in

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this chapter I need to do this for

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kaladan Z Arc this for Shalon B Arc this

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for adeline's Arc in the next chapter I

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need to do this for dalinar's a Arc this

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for Nani's bar Etc often authors

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complain that too much planning can

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stifle inspiration when actually writing

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on the other hand not enough planning

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can lead to an unorganized short-sighted

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mess of a plot sanderson's method

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provides the best of both worlds in a

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way it giv structure on a macro story

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wide scale so you can still see the

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overall Vision it also gives flexibility

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on a micro scene level scale so you

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still have creative freedom on a chapter

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to chapter basis it's important to note

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that for Sanderson outlining is not a

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separate process from writing itself

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you'll notice in the Skyward outline

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that the bullet points form one

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continuous story instead of the smaller

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separate stories we talked about in this

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video that's because we're seeing the in

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product that's what an outline looks

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like after he's combined the plots after

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he's finished writing the story don't

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take my word for it Sanderson leaves a

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note at the top of the outline

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explaining exactly this I often plot my

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books by focusing on certain plot themes

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like mystery or a relationship you won't

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see much of that in this outline because

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once I had all of the subplots and

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themed outlined I join them together

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into a cohesive outline in order at the

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bottom you can imagine that all of these

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bullet points were once under separate

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headings then merged together in order

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and tweaked to read as a narrative so to

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sum it all up sanderson's nine-step

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outlining process is as follows first

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write a short overview of your story

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second expand on your setting and World

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building third fourth and fifth write

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about your main characters secondary

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characters and minor characters

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respectively sixth identify what plot

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types and plot progress will be featured

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in your story seventh decide what an

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ideal ending to your story looks like

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eighth for each plot type in your story

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connect the beginnings and ends with

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bullet points ninth using your bullet

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points as guidance write your story and

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join your distinct Parts into a single

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continuous narrative I hope this video

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was helpful and applicable to your own

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writing you can find the link to the

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Skyward outline I referen throughout

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this video in the description along with

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a link to the lectures that much of this

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information came from be sure to

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subscribe if you'd like to learn more

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about writing and storytelling and like

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the video if you found it helpful

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Related Tags
Processus de ContourEcritureSandersonRésuméCréativitéRécitStructurePersonnagesIntrigueCadreDéveloppement de l'Histoire
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